Barjak, Franz
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- PublikationSegmenting household electricity customers with quantitative and qualitative approaches(Elsevier, 2022) Barjak, Franz; Lindeque, Johan Paul; Koch, Julia; Soland, Martin [in: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews]Understanding private electric utility customers is essential given their central role in the sustainability transition of the electricity system. Socio-economic attributes, environmental attitude, and electricity consumption are not enough to take the new technological, economic and regulatory bases of the residential electricity markets in many industrialized countries into account. Further attributes can help to obtain a more holistic understanding of the private electricity customer. We conduct three studies and find a good correspondence of the customer segments resulting from a survey of the literature, an expert workshop, and a survey of Swiss electricity customers. Five key customer segments are distinguished: 1) affluent and quality-oriented, 2) ecologically aware, 3) technophile, 4) regionally rooted, and 5) stable and uninterested. Due to their unique energy preferences, these customer segments represent critical boundary conditions for technology adoption driven sustainability transitions. Assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the segmentation methods suggest that with sufficient resources a combination can produce reliable and valid segments.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationThe effectiveness of policies for formal knowledge transfer from European universities and public research institutes to firms(Oxford University Press, 01/2015) Barjak, Franz; Es-Sadki, Nordine; Arundel, Anthony [in: Research Evaluation]We use survey data for 247 European universities and 40 public research organizations to investigate the effects of institutional policies on four outcomes of transfer performance (R&D agreements with companies, patent applications, licence agreements, and start-ups established). We find that the effects of policies to establish clear rules, improve transparency, and provide financial or non-finan- cial incentives vary by outcome. Improving transparency by publishing the policies for licencing or intellectual property are often negatively correlated with outcomes, particularly for licence agree- ments. Out of three non-financial incentives, only social rewards have a rather positive effect (on start-ups), but financial incentives are positively correlated with several outcomes. A higher salary is positively linked to the number of research agreements and patent applications, while giving in- ventors a share of revenue is positively correlated with licencing and start-ups. The results suggest that the type of incentive as well as the degree of transparency of transfer policies should be chosen to complement the main transfer channels and strategy of the institution.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationTech transfer needs bespoke solutions, not bandwagons(European Commission, 2015) Barjak, Franz [in: Research Europe]01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationThe Emerging Governance of E-Infrastructure(Wiley, 2013) Barjak, Franz; Eccles, Kathryn; Meyer, Eric; Robinson, Simon; Schroeder, Ralph [in: Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication]The paper studies the transition to ICT-based support systems for scientific research. These systems currently attempt the transition from the project stage to the more permanent stage of an infrastructure. The transition leads to several challenges, including in the area of establishing adequate governance regimes, which not all projects master successfully. Studying a set of cases from Europe and America, we look at patterns in the size and scope of the undertakings, embeddedness in user communities, aims and responsibilities, mechanisms of coordination, forms of governance, and time horizon and funding. We find that, though configurations and landscapes are somewhat diverse, successful projects typically follow distinctive paths, either large-scale or small-scale, and become what we term ‘stable metaorganizations’ or ‘established communities.’01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationCase Studies of e-Infrastructure Adoption(SAGE, 2009) Barjak, Franz; Lane, Julia; Kertcher, Zack; Poschen, Meik; Procter, Rob; Robinson, Simon [in: Social Science Computer Review]This article reports results from a study of e-Infrastructure adoption in the social sciences and humanities (SSH). The authors find that bridging barriers between computer and domain scientists is of key importance. In particular, SSH communities have to be accepted as being distinct and not suited to a ‘‘one size fits all’’ strategy of e-Infrastructure diffusion. Sustainability was also a core issue, whereas barriers to resource sharing could mostly be resolved with technological solutions, and skills and training activities are a reflection of the general ‘‘user dilemma.’’ The authors’ recommendations to European Union (EU) policy makers point the way to promoting e-Infrastructure development and wider application in the SSH.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationA statistical analysis of the web presences of European life sciences research teams(2008) Barjak, Franz; Thelwall, Mike [in: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology]Web links have been used for around ten years to explore the online impact of academic information and information producers. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted to relate link counts to relevant offline attributes of the owners of the targeted Web sites, with the exception of research productivity. This article reports the results of a study to relate site inlink counts to relevant owner characteristics for over 400 European life-science research group Web sites. The analysis confirmed that research-group size and Web-presence size were important for attracting Web links, although research productivity was not. Little evidence was found for significant influence of any of an array of factors, including research-group leader gender and industry connections. In addition, the choice of search engine for link data created a surprising international difference in the results, with Google perhaps giving unreliable results. Overall, the data collection, statistical analysis and results interpretation were all complex and it seems that we still need to know more about search engines, hyperlinks, and their function in science before we can draw conclusions on their usefulness and role in the canon of science and technology indicators.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationAssessing the web connectivity of research groups on an international scale(Emerald, 2008) Thelwall, Mike; Li, Xuemei; Barjak, Franz; Robinson, Simon [in: ASLIB Proceedings]The purpose of this paper is to claim that it is useful to assess the web connectivity of research groups, describe hyperlink‐based techniques to achieve this and present brief details of European life sciences research groups as a case study. Design/methodology/approach A commercial search engine was harnessed to deliver hyperlink data via its automatic query submission interface. A special purpose link analysis tool, LexiURL, then summarised and graphed the link data in appropriate ways. Findings Webometrics can provide a wide range of descriptive information about the international connectivity of research groups. Research limitations/implications Only one field was analysed, data was taken from only one search engine, and the results were not validated. Practical implications Web connectivity seems to be particularly important for attracting overseas job applicants and to promote research achievements and capabilities, and hence we contend that it can be useful for national and international governments to use webometrics to ensure that the web is being used effectively by research groups. Originality/value This is the first paper to make a case for the value of using a range of webometric techniques to evaluate the web presences of research groups within a field, and possibly the first “applied” webometrics study produced for an external contract.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationInternational collaboration, mobility and team diversity in the life sciences: impact on research performance.(Taylor & Francis, 2008) Barjak, Franz; Robinson, Simon [in: Social Geography]The combination of knowledge and skills from different backgrounds or research cultures is often considered good for science. This paper describes the extent to which academic research teams in the life sciences draw on different national knowledge pools and how this is related to their research performance. We distinguish between international collaboration between research teams and international mobility leading to team diversity, where scientists with a background in another country work as members of a team over time. Our findings confirm previous results on the positive relationship between international collaboration and team performance. Moreover, we show that the most successful teams have a moderate level of diversity: maximizing diversity does not maximize performance. These results have implications for research team management and for research policy, in particular pointing out a need for adequate integration support to mobile scientists.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationWhich factors explain the web impact of scientists personal homepages?(2007) Barjak, Franz; Li, Xuemei; Thelwall, Mike [in: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology]In recent years, a considerable body of Webometric research has used hyperlinks to generate indicators for the impact of Web documents and the organizations that created them. The relationship between this Web impact and other, offline impact indicators has been explored for entire universities, departments, countries, and scientific journals, but not yet for individual scientists—an important omission. The present research closes this gap by investigating factors that may influence the Web impact (i.e., inlink counts) of scientists' personal homepages. Data concerning 456 scientists from five scientific disciplines in six European countries were analyzed, showing that both homepage content and personal and institutional characteristics of the homepage owners had significant relationships with inlink counts. A multivariate statistical analysis confirmed that full-text articles are the most linked-to content in homepages. At the individual homepage level, hyperlinks are related to several offline characteristics. Notable differences regarding total inlinks to scientists' homepages exist between the scientific disciplines and the countries in the sample. There also are both gender and age effects: fewer external inlinks (i.e., links from other Web domains) to the homepages of female and of older scientists. There is only a weak relationship between a scientist's recognition and homepage inlinks and, surprisingly, no relationship between research productivity and inlink counts. Contrary to expectations, the size of collaboration networks is negatively related to hyperlink counts. Some of the relationships between hyperlinks to homepages and the properties of their owners can be explained by the content that the homepage owners put on their homepage and their level of Internet use; however, the findings about productivity and collaborations do not seem to have a simple, intuitive explanation. Overall, the results emphasize the complexity of the phenomenon of Web linking, when analyzed at the level of individual pages.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- PublikationResearch productivity in the internet era(Springer, 2006) Barjak, Franz [in: Scientometrics]The present study investigated the relationship between the use of different internet applications and research productivity, controlling for other influences on the latter. The control variables included dummies for country, discipline, gender and type of organization of the respondent; as well as variables for age, recognition, the degree of society-related and career-related motivation for research, and the size of the collaboration network. Simple variance analyses and more complex negative binomial hurdle models point to a positive relationship between internet use (for personal communication, information retrieval and information dissemination) and research productivity. However, the results should be interpreted with caution as it was not possible to test the role of the internet against other pre-internet tools which fulfil the same functions. Thus instance it may not be the use of e-mail per se, but the degree of communicating with colleagues that makes a productive scientist.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift