Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik
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Publikation Can GenAI be used as co-author to explain SCM concepts. A framework and numerical evidence(29.04.2024) Wörner, Dominik; Holzapfel, AndreasGenAI isn't accepted as a scientific co-author. Nevertheless, it’s one way students use to collect information. First, a framework will be presented, how GenAI could be used as co-author. Second, the framework will be assessed and validated by numerical evidence. Lessons learned and recommendations will be shared and discussed.06 - PräsentationPublikation LLMs in automated essay evaluation: a case study(AAAI Press, 03/2024) Kostic, Milan; Witschel, Hans Friedrich; Hinkelmann, Knut; Spahic, Maja; Petrick, Ron; Geib, Christopher04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation On the importance of CI/CD practices for database applications(Wiley, 2024) Fluri, Jasmin; Fornari, Fabrizio; Pustulka, ElzbietaContinuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) automate software integration and reduce repetitive engineering work. While the use of CI/CD presents efficiency gains, in database application development, this potential has not been fully exploited. We explore the state of the art in this area, with a focus on current practices, common software tools, challenges, and preconditions that apply to database applications. The work is grounded in a synoptic literature review and contributes a novel generic CI/CD pipeline for database system application development. Our generic pipeline was tailored to three industrial development use cases in which we measured the benefits of integration and deployment automation. The measurements demonstrate clearly that introducing CI/CD had significant benefits. It reduced the number of failed deployments, improved their stability, and increased the number of deployments. Interviews with the developers before and after the implementation of the CI/CD show that the pipeline brings clear benefits to the development team (i.e., a reduced cognitive load). These findings put current database release practices driven by business expectations, such as fixed release windows, in question.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Subjective long-term emotional and social effects of recreational MDMA use: the role of setting and intentions(Springer, 2024) Elmer, Timon; Vannoy, Tanya K.; Studerus, Erich; Lyubomirsky, SonjaMDMA is a recreational drug commonly used to enhance euphoria, but it is also used in non-party settings with self-insight or social connection intentions. Yet, little is known about whether distinct consumer groups are formed based on consumption setting and intention. We aimed to characterize different types of recreational MDMA users based on consumption setting and intentions, and to examine their differences in perceptions of long-term social-emotional effects of MDMA use. We analyzed self-reports of 766 individuals (ages 18–61, mostly from Western countries), reporting on their MDMA consumption habits and perceived effects. We used a K-medoids clustering algorithm to identify distinct types of consumption settings and intentions. We identified three setting types – party settings with friends (N = 388), private home settings (N = 132), mixed settings (N = 246) – and three intention types – euphoria and energy (N = 302), self-insight (N = 219), mixed intentions (N = 245). Members of the self-insight and mixed intentions clusters reported considerably more long-term socio-emotional benefits than members of the euphoria and energy cluster. No differences were observed between the setting clusters. In this particular sample, more long-term benefits than harms were reported. Our findings suggest that the long-term social-emotional benefits of MDMA are associated with whether users seek self-insight or have mixed intentions.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Generative KI aus ethischer Sicht(Schäffer-Poeschel, 2024) Bendel, Oliver; Seufert, Sabine; Handschuh, Siegfried04A - Beitrag SammelbandPublikation @llegra: a chatbot for Vallader(Springer, 2024) Bendel, Oliver; Jabou, DalilExtinct and endangered languages have been preserved primarily through audio conservation and the collection and digitization of scripts and have been promoted through targeted language acquisition efforts. Another possibility would be to build conversational agents like chatbots or voice assistants that can master these languages. This would provide an artificial, active conversational partner which has knowledge of the vocabulary and grammar and allows one to learn with it in a different way. The chatbot, @llegra, with which one can communicate in the Rhaeto-Romanic idiom Vallader was developed in 2023 based on GPT-4. It can process and output text and has voice output. It was additionally equipped with a manually created knowledge base. After laying the conceptual groundwork, this paper presents the preparation and implementation of the project. In addition, it summarizes the tests that native speakers conducted with the chatbot. A critical discussion elaborates advantages and disadvantages. @llegra could be a new tool for teaching and learning Vallader in a memorable and entertaining way through dialog. It not only masters the idiom, but also has extensive knowledge about the Lower Engadine, that is, the area where Vallader is spoken. In conclusion, it is argued that conversational agents are an innovative approach to promoting and preserving languages.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Large language models: Expectations for semantics-driven systems engineering(Elsevier, 2024) Buchmann, Robert; Eder, Johann; Fill, Hans-Georg; Frank, Ulrich; Karagiannis, Dimitris; Laurenzi, Emanuele; Mylopoulos, John; Plexousakis, Dimitris; Santos, Maribel YasminaThe hype of Large Language Models manifests in disruptions, expectations or concerns in scientific communities that have focused for a long time on design-oriented research. The current experiences with Large Language Models and associated products (e.g. ChatGPT) lead to diverse positions regarding the foreseeable evolution of such products from the point of view of scholars who have been working with designed abstractions for most of their careers - typically relying on deterministic design decisions to ensure systems and automation reliability. Such expectations are collected in this paper in relation to a flavor of systems engineering that relies on explicit knowledge structures, introduced here as “semantics-driven systems engineering”. The paper was motivated by the panel discussion that took place at CAiSE 2023 in Zaragoza, Spain, during the workshop on Knowledge Graphs for Semantics-driven Systems Engineering (KG4SDSE). The workshop brought together Conceptual Modeling researchers with an interest in specific applications of Knowledge Graphs and the semantic enrichment benefits they can bring to systems engineering. The panel context and consensus are summarized at the end of the paper, preceded by a proposed research agenda considering the expressed positions.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation A decision-support approach for university incubators(Springer, 2024) Laurenzi, Emanuele; Meyer, Dario; Moesch, Patrick; Hinkelmann, Knut; Smuts, Hanlie04A - Beitrag SammelbandPublikation Überlegungen zu Zweier- und Dreierbeziehungen mit Liebespuppen und Sexrobotern(Kohlhammer, 2024) Bendel, Oliver; Roesler, Christian; Bröning, Sonja04A - Beitrag SammelbandPublikation Effects and challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic in supply chain management: a text analytics approach(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Khodoomi, Mohammad Reza; Seif, Marziye; Hanne, ThomasThe coronavirus has had many effects on supply chains and logistics, most of which are negative. Due to the importance of logistics and supply chain in the world, any disruption or mismanagement causes many problems not only in the countries directly affected but also globally. In this article, new textual data are collected from reputable commercial and news websites related to the effects of COVID-19 on logistics and supply chains. After collecting textual data, valuable information about the impact of the coronavirus is extracted using various text mining techniques performed with R programming. Finally, issues related to COVID-19 and supply chains are identified and divided into five categories: suppliers and products, governments and organisations, health, evaluation, problems, and barriers. Also, categorising the problems and limitations of supply chains and logistics will provide managerial insights to minimise obstacles and disruptions. In particular, managers should consider several suppliers to reduce dependencies and also focus on domestic suppliers because of transportation limitations. Moreover, companies should pay attention to the health of societies and employ new policies, as well as pay attention to consumer behaviour such as their tendency to buy online.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation An analysis of weight initialization methods in connection with different activation functions for feedforward neural networks(Springer, 2024) Wong, Kit; Dornberger, Rolf; Hanne, ThomasThe selection of weight initialization in an artificial neural network is one of the key aspects and affects the learning speed, convergence rate and correctness of classification by an artificial neural network. In this paper, we investigate the effects of weight initialization in an artificial neural network. Nguyen-Widrow weight initialization, random initialization, and Xavier initialization method are paired with five different activation functions. This paper deals with a feedforward neural network, consisting of an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The paired combination of weight initialization methods with activation functions are examined and tested and compared based on their best achieved loss rate in training. This work aims to better understand how weight initialization methods in neural networks, in combination with activation functions, affect the learning speed in comparison after a fixed number of training epochs.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation 300 Keywords Generative KI. Ökonomische, technische und ethische Grundlagen(Springer, 2024) Bendel, OliverVon A wie Alignment bis Z wie Zensur: Dieses Nachschlagewerk bietet in mehr als 300 Einträgen einen Überblick über das Thema der generativen KI. Es klärt zahlreiche Fachbegriffe, stellt Anwendungsbereiche vor und diskutiert aktuelle Fragestellungen. Dabei spielen neben technischen und wirtschaftlichen Fragen insbesondere ethische und ästhetische eine Rolle. So wird nach der Schönheit von Artefakten gefragt, es wird die Stellung von Bildern zwischen Kunst und Kitsch ausgeleuchtet, und es wird eine Bias-Diskussion zu Text- und Bildgeneratoren geführt. Insgesamt steht der Nutzen der generativen KI im Vordergrund, und die Freude und Lust, sie zu benutzen. Das Buch richtet sich an ein breites Publikum, etwa Journalisten, Politiker und Bürger, aber auch an Wissenschaftler aller Bereiche.02 - MonographiePublikation KI-basierte Textgeneratoren aus Sicht der Ethik(De Gruyter, 2024) Bendel, Oliver; Schreiber, Gerhard; Ohly, Lukas04A - Beitrag SammelbandPublikation Watch and Learn: Wie Schüler:innen und Lehrpersonen Erklärvideos für den Naturwissenschaftsunterricht nutzen(Springer, 2024) Labude, Marlene; Vonschallen, Stephan; Krüger, Maleika; Schneider, Charlotte; Metzger, Susanne01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation “Ick bin een Berlina”: dialect proficiency impacts a robot’s trustworthiness and competence evaluation(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2024) Kühne, Katharina; Herbold, Erika; Bendel, Oliver; Zhou, Yuefang; Fischer, Martin H.Background: Robots are increasingly used as interaction partners with humans. Social robots are designed to follow expected behavioral norms when engaging with humans and are available with different voices and even accents. Some studies suggest that people prefer robots to speak in the user’s dialect, while others indicate a preference for different dialects.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation YouTube vs. Lehrmittel – Lernwirksamkeit von Erklärvideos für den Naturwissenschaftsunterricht(Springer, 2024) Vonschallen, Stephan; Labude, Marlene; Schneider, Charlotte; Krüger, Maleika; Metzger, Susanne01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation An LLM-aided Enterprise Knowledge Graph (EKG) engineering process(Stanford University, 2024) Laurenzi, Emanuele; Mathys, Adrian; Martin, Andreas; Petrick, Ron; Geib, ChristopherConventional knowledge engineering approaches aiming to create Enterprise Knowledge Graphs (EKG) still require a high level of manual effort and high ontology expertise, which hinder their adoption across industries. To tackle this issue, we explored the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the creation of EKGs through the lens of a design-science approach. Findings from the literature and from expert interviews led to the creation of the proposed artefact, which takes the form of a six-step process for EKG development. Scenarios on how to use LLMs are proposed and implemented for each of the six steps. The process is then evaluated with an anonymised data set from a large Swiss company. Results demonstrate that LLMs can support the creation of EKGs, offering themselves as a new aid for knowledge engineers.04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation Personalised course recommender: Linking learning objectives and career goals through competencies(Stanford University, 2024) Beutling, Nils; Spahic, Maja; Petrick, Ron; Geib, ChristopherThis paper presents a Knowledge-Based Recommender System (KBRS) that aims to align course recommendations with students' career goals in the field of information systems. The developed KBRS uses the European Skills, Competences, qualifications, and Occupations (ESCO) ontology, course descriptions, and a Large Language Model (LLM) such as ChatGPT 3.5 to bridge course content with the skills required for specific careers in information systems. In this context, no reference is made to the previous behavior of students. The system links course content to the skills required for different careers, adapts to students' changing interests, and provides clear reasoning for the courses proposed. An LLM is used to extract learning objectives from course descriptions and to map the promoted competency. The system evaluates the degree of relevance of courses based on the number of job-related skills supported by the learning objectives. This recommendation is supported by information that facilitates decision-making. The paper describes the system's development, methodology and evaluation and highlights its flexibility, user orientation and adaptability. It also discusses the challenges that arose during the development and evaluation of the system.04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation Rethinking cars for sustainable mobility – Shared-autonomous vehicles and circularity(Zenodo, 2024) Jüngling, Stephan; Kierans, Gordana; Easa, Said; Wörner, Dominik; Smuts, Hanlie; Hinkelmann, KnutAutonomous driving cars, underpinned by advancements in artificial intelligence, sensor technology, and the enhanced communication capability of 5G, are now poised to revolutionize transportation, promising significant improvements in safety, efficiency, and accessibility. However, the time for such a transition towards fully autonomous vehicles (AV) should coincide with the transition to Society 5.0, where cars are zero-emission vehicles and fully embedded into a circular economy (CE). This requires a radical change not only for the car industry but also for the car users, who are in the early transition from being car owners to car-users with automobiles becoming a more sustainable public mobility service. In this paper, we conduct a literature review about the state-of-the-art of autonomous driving and circular economy, as both cannot be established without substantial infrastructure enhancements for vehicle-to-everything communication and for building up more sustainable business models for the circular economy. We divide this journey into three different states where we provide a vision of new stakeholders and new business process models via the current state of its infancy, the middle state of its coexistence, and the target state of fully established Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicles (SAEV) and CE services. Given that such a radical change will undoubtedly face resistance, this transition scenario is analyzed using different aspects of power dynamics to show potential benefits and new business opportunities for the different stakeholders involved. In the final section, we show examples of different car manufacturers and how they see their current focus on new energy vehicles (NEV) and aspects of CE in their respective strategies.04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation Ontology-based course recommendation(Zenodo, 2024) Beuchat, Gisèle; Hinkelmann, Knut; Spahic, Maja; Smuts, Hanlie; Hinkelmann, KnutThis paper addresses the challenge of course selection for students by using the domain knowledge available within course descriptions to improve the decision-making process. The decision-making process for selecting courses is complex, influenced by intrinsic motivations, such as personal interests and academic goals, and extrinsic factors, including career prospects and peer recommendations, shape students’ preferences. This paper demonstrates the potential of semantic networks, and ontologies in particular, to match student preferences with available courses. By developing an ontology tailored to the Master’s program in Business Information Systems at FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, we explore the ability of ontologies to refine the precision, relevance, and customization of course recommendations, thereby empowering students to make well-informed decisions.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift