Jeive, Michael
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Purchasing decision making of cosmetics: a comparative study between Swiss and Chinese consumers
2020, Neves Gomes, Joana, Jeive, Michael, Lim, Leng Khim (Lynn)
Despite the rapid growth of the Chinese market since the initial opening up in 1978, a significant number of international consumer goods companies have struggled to find a firm and consistently profitable foothold in the market. This is often attributed to national cultural differences. Using projective technique for data collection, the research analysed female cosmetic consumers in China and in Switzerland, a market that Western manufacturers are familiar with. Due to significant regional differences within both countries, the study analysed consumers from Shanghai and Harbin, and the French and German-speaking areas of Switzerland. The study found out that there are large differences between the behaviour of consumers in Switzerland and China, but also within each country, particularly China. However, there are some similarities between the behaviour of consumers from Switzerland and Harbin. The findings provide a good insight for marketers wanting to enter or change their strategy in China or Switzerland, but particularly for Western manufacturers who are already present and familiar with the Swiss market and want to succeed in the Chinese market.
Applying a trust lens to the study of international strategic alliance negotiations
2019, Jeive, Michael
This paper considers the value of applying a trust lens to the study of international strategic alliance negotiations. This paper considers that, in the context of international strategic alliances, negotiation is not limited to the process of reaching an initial agreement, but also includes the implementation and joint value creation phases. In a context where neither party has the power to enforce values on the other, the process of negotiating values and managing expectations brings the structures of the working relationship into sharp focus illuminating the ongoing process whereby agreed or accepted behavioural values emerge and begin to underpin the collaborative endeavour. Following a brief cultural diversion to show how the trust lens can illuminate the development of alliance culture, the paper provides an overview of key recent literature on the conception of trust and trust development before returning to a discussion of trust and negotiation and especially of the strategic alliances.
Negotiating Beyond an Essentialised Culture Model: The Use and Abuse of Cultural Distance Models in International Management Studies
2016-07, Jeive, Michael
The analysis of international negotiations at bachelor and master level appears dominated by a conception of national culture (Søderberg & Holden, 2002; Shenkar et al 2008), and applies cultural distance models widely and inappropriately. Few business encounters are actually national in nature, being rather encounters between individuals or small groups with developed cultural practices and behaviours. There is a parallel tendency for users to abuse the models by failing to recognise the impact of relative power and agency; by ignoring culture as construct; by eliding small and large cultures (Holliday 1999, 2011); and by falling into the so-called ecological fallacy (Robinson 1950; Hofstede, Bond & Luk, 1993). Within the dominant neo-liberal ideological context (Read, 2009) presented in much of the business and management literature, the “othering” (Devlin 2011b, 2015) of those perceived as being outside this narrowly defined norm is a constant danger. In effect, a narrow minority is often represented as the mainstream and the vast majority as varyingly exoticized others. The aim of the paper is to investigate the theoretical and practical problems inherent in the national culture distance dominated approach before reflecting on how an approach which focuses on specific communication instances can open a pathway to understanding culture formation and cultural challenges in a more nuanced way.