IRF: Institutional Repository FHNW
Welcome to the publication and research database of the FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland.
The institutional repository contains publications, projects and student theses.
Further information can be found in the IRF manual (available in German).
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Recently added
Who cared? Professional care in infant homes during the 20th century
(16.04.2026) Dietz, Tatjana; Hörler, Daniela
06 - Presentation
The process of historical questioning. A systematic literature review
(UCL Press, 2026) Schobinger, Jonas; Nitsche, Martin
The majority of history educators in the English- and German-speaking contexts concur that the objective of history education is to foster historical thinking. While there exist some models for the progression of second-order concepts that provide an analytical framework to support these learning processes, such models are almost entirely lacking for the procedural aspects of historical thinking. This is also true for historical questioning, which is generally regarded in the literature as the ‘engine’ of historical thinking. However, there remains a paucity of theories and empirical studies that systematically operationalise the process of historical questioning and its development. To address this research gap, our systematic literature review provides in-depth insight into relevant studies on (historical) questioning from different angles in order to conceptualise three main operations of historical questioning: (1) experiencing perplexity, (2) expliciting perplexity and (3) expressing the historical question. Furthermore, the review systematises sub-operations and quality characteristics of both the process of historical questioning and its operations. Finally, the results are discussed based on an analytical framework and with regard to practical implications.
01A - Journal article
Diacylglycerol kinase-ε is required for the formation of GPI-anchored CD14 and the LPS-induced proinflammatory responses of macrophages
(BioMed Central, 2026) Hromada‐Judycka, Aneta; Traczyk, Gabriela; Amor, Ichrak Ben; Ciesielska, Anna; Mąkosa, Aniela; Varon, Daniel; Kwiatkowska, Katarzyna
Diacylglycerol kinase-ε (DGKε) is a unique member of the DGK family with strict specificity toward SAG, stearic/palmitic and arachidonic fatty acid-containing DAG, which produces phosphatidic acid used for the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol (PI). PI and its derivatives orchestrate numerous processes. These include the pro-inflammatory signaling of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its accessory protein, CD14, which are activated in macrophages by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To assess the role of DGKε in LPS-induced responses, we obtained Raw264.7 cells stably depleted of DGKε and subsequently rescued them with DGKε-Myc. The DGKε-depleted cells were also treated with a synthetic GPI precursor. To assess the activity of DGKε and other DGKs in cellular fractions, a fluorescent assay was used, followed by thin-layer chromatography. RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, ELISA, and flow cytometry were used to examine protein abundance, LPS-induced signaling, and cytokine production. Cytokine expression was also analyzed after TLR2 activation. Cells were fractionated with Triton X-100 and X-114 to examine the distribution of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs). Dgke was silenced with siRNA in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). SAG phosphorylation was markedly decreased in DGKε-depleted Raw264.7 cells, with the activity of other DGKs unaffected. The DGKε depletion abolished the endosomal TLR4 signaling, engaging TRIF and IRF3. The MyD88-dependent signaling pathway was partially inhibited. No mature, GPI-anchored form of CD14 was produced in the DGKε-depleted cells, and residual amounts of CD14 and other GPI-APs were found on the cell surface. The DGKε depletion also inhibited TLR2-mediated cytokine expression and reduced CD14 level in BMDM. The reintroduction of DGKε in Raw264.7 cells restored SAG phosphorylation, total and cell-surface abundance of GPI-CD14 and other GPI-APs, and TLR4 and TLR2 signaling. Treatment of cells with the synthetic GPI precursor partially restored the cell-surface level of CD14. DGKε-dependent phosphorylation of SAG controls the biosynthesis of the GPI moiety of CD14, thereby affecting TLR signaling in macrophages. In addition, DGKε can influence the TLR pathways independently of CD14 formation. Together, these findings identify DGKε as a key factor determining the sensitivity of macrophages to LPS and other microbial components.
01A - Journal article
Digital unterwegs im Möglichkeitsraum
(Verlag Modernes Lernen, 05.2020) Hörmann, Martina; Vogt, Manfred
Der digitale Wandel hat zwischenzeitlich auch die lösungsorientierte Beratung erreicht. Menschen kommunizieren stärker mittels digitaler Medien und so erfolgen auch Anfragen an Beratende über diese Kommunikationswege. Zunehmend stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit die Beratung selbst medial unterstützt ablaufen könnte.
Der Möglichkeitsraum kann als eine Grundidee beziehungsweise ein hilfreiches Bild in der lösungsorientierten Beratung verstanden werden. In diesem „Raum“ können Klient*innen mit Unterstützung der Beratenden Ressourcen entdecken, erweitern und gezielt für eine Lösungsfindung nutzen. Dabei sind sowohl interne als auch externe Ressourcen im Blick. Bezieht man den systemischen Blick ein, so gilt es darüber hinaus neue Perspektiven zu entdecken und so den eigenen Blickwinkel zu erweitern. Systemisch-lösungsorientierte Beratung versucht durch gezielte Fragen und Interventionen den Möglichkeitsraum der Klientin beziehungsweise des Klienten Schritt für Schritt zu öffnen und zu erweitern. Im Mittelpunkt stehen nicht das Problem und seine Entstehung, sondern Ressourcen und Fähigkeiten, die die Klientin oder der Klient für eine Lösung mitbringen.
Ausgehend von diesem Verständnis des Möglichkeitsraums will der Beitrag Chancen und Herausforderungen des Einbezugs digitaler Medien in die lösungsorientierte Beratung aufzeigen.
04A - Book part
Safety, security, and information security. An integrated approach for enhancing integrative security
(22.04.2026) Brüngger, Jonas; Müller, Nicole; Weiss, Stefanie; Wahrstätter, Stefan; Fischer, Katrin
Security - whether protection against accidents (safety), sabotage (security), or cyberattacks (information security) - must be ensured at all times, especially in critical infrastructures. Safety and (information) security share the common goal of protecting people, the environment, and facilities. Their measures must be developed and implemented in an integrated manner so that safety does not compromise security and vice versa. In corporate environments, coordinated implementation is crucial to avoid goal conflicts and ensure overall protection across all organizational processes.
06 - Presentation