Barjak, Franz

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Barjak, Franz

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  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    An Emergent Quadruple Helix in Swiss Energy Sector?
    (2017) Gürtler, Stefan; Barjak, Franz; Lindeque, Johan Paul; Tynnhammar, Marcus [in: XXVIII ISPIM Innovation Conference, Vienna]
    04 - Beitrag Sammelband oder Konferenzschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Influences of the regional and national economic environment on the technology transfer performance of academic institutions in Europe
    (Springer, 2016) Barjak, Franz; Es-Sadki, Nordine; Audretsch, David B.; Lehmann, Erik; Meoli, Michele; Vismara, Silvio [in: University Evolution, Entrepreneurial Activity and Regional Competitiveness]
    The paper looks how the national and regional environment influence the knowledge and technology transfer (KTT) performance of universities and public research institutes. We regress a number of institutional control variables, country dummies and variables for region size and economic structure, per capita income, technology intensity, andR&Dintensity on four different tech transfer performance measures (R&D agreements with companies, patent applications, start-ups, licence agreements). Drawing on data from a survey of more than 200 European institutions we find: (1) Country differences are related to differences in the institutional set-up of technology transfer and to the (regional) economic environment which suggests multi-level analyses to properly take these interactions into account. (2) Institutions in a country usually excel for one performance measure which we take as a supporting argument for the development of transfer strategies. (3) Having manufacturing companies and a large share of governmental R&D expenditure in the region matter more than the technology intensity and R&D intensity of the regional economy. The latter result is counterintuitive and indicates that further research is needed in order to understand better where the clients of university technologies actually come from.
    04 - Beitrag Sammelband oder Konferenzschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Business model innovation as a composite type of innovation
    (25.06.2015) Barjak, Franz; Perrett, Pieter Jan
    The paper conceptualises business model innovations (BMI) as a fundamental change of the mechanisms and arrangements of how a company creates, delivers and captures value. It translates this definition into a composite innovation indicator that consists of a combination of radical product and radical process innovations, or radical product innovations combined with marketing and organisational innovations. Deepening our understanding of the construct by means of an exploratory analysis of 60 BMI case studies, we find that revenue model innovations have not been captured sufficiently in the CIS datasets. At the same time, they constitute an essential element and characterize a significant number of BMI cases. We suggest that innovation surveys should introduce questions on revenue model innovations and add a few further changes to better capture business model innovations in the future.
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    The effectiveness of policies for formal knowledge transfer from European universities and public research institutes to firms
    (Oxford University Press, 01/2015) Barjak, Franz; Es-Sadki, Nordine; Arundel, Anthony [in: Research Evaluation]
    We use survey data for 247 European universities and 40 public research organizations to investigate the effects of institutional policies on four outcomes of transfer performance (R&D agreements with companies, patent applications, licence agreements, and start-ups established). We find that the effects of policies to establish clear rules, improve transparency, and provide financial or non-finan- cial incentives vary by outcome. Improving transparency by publishing the policies for licencing or intellectual property are often negatively correlated with outcomes, particularly for licence agree- ments. Out of three non-financial incentives, only social rewards have a rather positive effect (on start-ups), but financial incentives are positively correlated with several outcomes. A higher salary is positively linked to the number of research agreements and patent applications, while giving in- ventors a share of revenue is positively correlated with licencing and start-ups. The results suggest that the type of incentive as well as the degree of transparency of transfer policies should be chosen to complement the main transfer channels and strategy of the institution.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Tech transfer needs bespoke solutions, not bandwagons
    (European Commission, 2015) Barjak, Franz [in: Research Europe]
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Towards the evaluation of research and innovation policies at system level
    (19.06.2014) Barjak, Franz; Perrett, Pieter Jan; Zagelmeyer, Stefan
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Paving the way for a new composite indicator on business model innovations
    (Universiteit Leiden - CWTS, 2014) Barjak, Franz; Bill, Marc; Noyons, Ed [in: Proceedings of the Science and Technology Indicators Conference 2014 Leiden “Context Counts: Pathways to Master Big and Little Data”]
    The paper conceptualises business model innovations (BMI) as a fundamental change of the mechanisms and arrangements of how a company creates, delivers and captures value. It translates this definition into a composite innovation indicator that consists of a combination of radical product and radical process innovations, or radical product innovations combined with marketing and organisational innovations. Implementing this definition with empirical data from the Community Innovation Surveys (CIS) in Europe, we find that roughly one out of 20 SMEs has introduced a BMI in the three-year period preceding the surveys.
    04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Wie wirksam sind Innovationsfördermaßnahmen in der Schweiz?
    (2014) Barjak, Franz [in: fteval Journal for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation]
    Der vorliegende Beitrag fasst eine Sekundäranalyse von 16 Evaluationen und Studien der Innovationspolitik der Schweiz aus dem Zeitraum 1997-2012 zusammen (Barjak, 2013). Neben einem begleitenden Tracking und einer nachgelagerten Leistungsmessung sind periodische Synthesen einzelner Evaluationen sehr sinnvoll. Sie tragen zu einem differenzierteren Verständnis von Innovationsvorgängen in Unternehmen bei und beleuchten die Reaktionen der Akteure auf die Massnahmen zur Innovationsförderung (und ihre Evaluation). Erst die Zusammenschau von Einzelevaluationen ermöglicht es, die Wirksamkeit, Stärken und Schwächen der Innovationsförderung auf Systemebene und über einzelne Akteure und Interventionen hinweg zu diskutieren (Arnold, 2004; Edler, Ebersberger & Lo, 2008; Magro & Wilson, 2013). Sie hilft dabei, den aktuellen Kenntnisstand zur Innovationsförderung in einer Volkswirtschaft zu resümieren.
    01 - Zeitschriftenartikel, Journalartikel oder Magazin
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    Publikation
    Policies in support of high-growth innovative enterprises. Part 1: Characterisation of innovative high-growth firms
    (Publications Office of the European Union, 2013) Barjak, Franz; Korlaar, Leonique; Jansen, Matthijs; Lilischkis, Stefan; Meyer, Rolf
    Background and objectives There is evidence that high growth innovative enterprises (HGIEs) contribute decisively to job creation. However, there is a lack of knowledge about HGIE characteristics and policies that could support them. This study contributes new insights for both aspects. Methodology Results in this policy brief are mainly based on a survey of HGIEs in 36 innovative industries in eight countries: Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Poland, Switzerland, the USA, Republic of Korea and Japan. The sample included 580 HGIEs. The survey targeted companies whose number of employees had grown at least one third over three consecutive years in the past five years. For Poland, the target was 22% over two years due to data limitations. Only internal (organic) growth was considered; growth due to mergers and acquisition was not included. The size threshold was ten employees at the beginning of the growth period. The data universe for sampling included 4% HGIEs. HGIE characteristics Age: The majority of HGIEs in the sample were older than ten years. This applied to all countries and sectors. Thus, high growth is apparently not a start-up phenomenon but takes place after the initial struggle of establishing the enterprise in the market. Moreover, in the vast majority of HGIEs high growth started in the past ten years. 13% of the responding firms were found to be spin-offs. Most of them (68%) originated from other companies. This might question the current political focus on spin-offs from public research – or call for enhanced policy measures to support such spin-offs. The dominant type of customers of HGIEs in the sample are other companies. Many HGIEs may thus not be known to the public because they do not sell to households. For the majority of HGIEs the national market is the main market. Many HGIEs may thus have a potential to grow further into international markets. The main factors of high growth appear to be a skilled workforce and directors actively targeting growth. This applies to all countries and almost all sectors. Successful product or service innovation is also important and apparently triggered by strong competition. Three barriers were found to be most severe: (1) Bureaucratic hurdles and regulation, (2) difficult access to finance, and (3) finding skilled employees. This applies to all countries and sectors, while there are also national and sectoral specificities. National specificities Germany had the highest share of HGIE spinoffs with multiple origin. France had the largest HGIE share in the sampled countries. The UK had the largest share of spin-offs (19%, average 14%). Bureaucracy and regulation were found to be the single most important growth barrier in Poland. The share of young HGIEs was found to be largest in the US (21%, average 14%). In Korea, policy preferences for big business seem to be a specific barrier to growth. Access to finance was apparently not a problem for HGIEs in Japan. No notable specificity can be reported for Switzerland. Sectoral specificities In the data universe the shares of HGIEs per industry do not differ much. In all industries with a sufficient number of cases the shares were not higher than 7%. Growth in manufacturing and services is partly driven by different factors: highly skilled employees were judged as more important by service companies, whereas entering new international markets was more important for manufacturers. However, each innovative industry appears to have its own distinct profile of growth factors.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    The Emerging Governance of E-Infrastructure
    (Wiley, 2013) Barjak, Franz; Eccles, Kathryn; Meyer, Eric; Robinson, Simon; Schroeder, Ralph [in: Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication]
    The paper studies the transition to ICT-based support systems for scientific research. These systems currently attempt the transition from the project stage to the more permanent stage of an infrastructure. The transition leads to several challenges, including in the area of establishing adequate governance regimes, which not all projects master successfully. Studying a set of cases from Europe and America, we look at patterns in the size and scope of the undertakings, embeddedness in user communities, aims and responsibilities, mechanisms of coordination, forms of governance, and time horizon and funding. We find that, though configurations and landscapes are somewhat diverse, successful projects typically follow distinctive paths, either large-scale or small-scale, and become what we term ‘stable metaorganizations’ or ‘established communities.’
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift