A polyphenol-enriched fraction of rose oil distillation wastewater inhibits cell proliferation, migration and TNF-α-Induced VEGF secretion in human immortalized keratinocytes

Abstract

Water steam distillation of rose flowers separates the essential oil from the polyphenol-containing rose oil distillation wastewater. Recently, a strategy was developed to separate rose oil distillation wastewater into a polyphenol depleted water fraction and a polyphenol-enriched fraction [RF20-(SP-207)]. The objective of the present study was to investigate RF20-(SP-207) and fraction F(IV), augmented in quercetin and ellagic acid, for possible antiproliferative effects in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) since rose petals are known to contain compounds with potential antiproliferative activity.RF20-(SP-207) revealed dose-dependent antiproliferative activity (IC50 of 9.78 µg/mL). In a nontoxic concentration of 10 µg/mL, this effect was stronger than that of the two positive controls LY294002 (10 µM, PI3 K-inhibitor, 30 % inhibition) and NVP-BEZ235 (100 nM, dual PI3 K/mTOR inhibitor, 30 % inhibition) and clearly exceeded the antiproliferative action of quercetin (50 µM, 25 % inhibition) and ellagic acid (1 µM, 15 % inhibition). Time-lapse microscopy detected a significant impairment of cell migration of RF20-(SP-207) and F(IV). At concentrations of 10 µg/mL of both, extract and fraction, cell migration was strongly suppressed (51 % and 28 % gap closure, respectively, compared to 95 % gap closure 24 hours after control treatment). The suppression of cell migration was comparable to the positive controls LY294002, NVP-BEZ235, and quercetin. Furthermore, basal and TNF-α-stimulated VEGF-secretion was significantly reduced by RF20-(SP-207) and F(IV) at 10 µg/mL (44 % vs. untreated control).In conclusion, RF20-(SP-207) showed promising antiproliferative and antimigratory effects and could be developed as a supportive, therapy against hyperproliferation-involved skin diseases.