Hochschule für Architektur, Bau und Geomatik FHNW

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2020 - 2025180

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Anfangsdatum: 2020Enddatum: 2025

Bereich: Suchergebnisse

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  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    Simulation of policies for automated ride-hailing and ride-pooling services
    (05.01.2025) Kagho, Grace; Balac, Milos; van Eggermond, Michael; Erath, Alexander
    Automated vehicles are becoming more prevalent, and the disruption they would cause in combination with ride-hailing and ride-pooling services could be tremendous. Therefore, this study investigates the impacts of ride-hailing and ride-pooling automated fleets in two Swiss cities, Chur and Zurich, and potential policy measures to steer their operations towards more sustainable solutions. We employ the results of the stated preference survey and combine the estimated mode-choice and car ownership model results with the agent-based simulation, MATSim, to simulate the impacts of various scenarios. We find that automated ride-hailing (aRH) and automated ride-pooling (aRP) services do not seem to be competing for the same demand. In general, these services would lead to a reduction in total travel time but an increase in total vehicle distance, which is more substantial in transit-oriented Zurich than in car-oriented Chur. Furthermore, we found that even though the proposed policies increased vehicle occupancy, they did not manage to overcome the increase in VKT, signaling the need for more targeted policies and operational strategies. Finally, we provide recommendations for transport policy and future research based on our findings.
    04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Simulation of policies for automated ride-hailing and ride-pooling services
    (ETH Zürich, 01.08.2025) Kagho, Grace; Balac, Milos; van Eggermond, Michael; Erath, Alexander
    Automated vehicles are becoming more prevalent, and the disruption they would cause in combination with ride-hailing and ride-pooling services could be tremendous. Therefore, this study investigates the impacts of ride-hailing and ride-pooling automated fleets in two Swiss cities, Chur and Zurich, and potential policy measures to steer their operations towards more sustainable solutions. We employ the results of the stated preference survey and combine the estimated mode-choice and car ownership model results with the agent-based simulation, MATSim, to simulate the impacts of various scenarios. We find that automated ride-hailing (aRH) and automated ride-pooling (aRP) services do not seem to be competing for the same demand. In general, these services would lead to a reduction in total travel time but an increase in total vehicle distance, which is more substantial in transit-oriented Zurich than in car-oriented Chur. Furthermore, we found that even though the proposed policies increased vehicle occupancy, they did not manage to overcome the increase in VKT, signaling the need for more targeted policies and operational strategies. Finally, we provide recommendations for transport policy and future research based on our findings.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    Comparing Q347 development and regionalization using recent data in two Swiss cantons
    (09.11.2024) Dups, Yanick; Lebrenz, Henning
    In Switzerland, low flows are characterized by the discharge level corresponding to a 95% exceedance probability on a ten-year average flow duration curve, referred to as Q347. This threshold not only has significant implications for planning but also requires authorities to adjust the operation of relevant infrastructure to mitigate ecological impacts on watercourses. The value of Q347 can be determined from a flow duration curve if a discharge time series of at least ten years is available. However, for smaller catchments such time series are typically unavailable, necessitating the regionalization of Q347 values. In Switzerland, multiple linear regression has been established to estimate the area-specific discharge q347 for ungauged basins. The primary objective of this study was to regionalize Q347 values for small, ungauged catchments (383 in the Canton of Solothurn and 9'034 in the Canton of Zürich) each with an area of less than 100 km². Daily discharge, precipitation, and temperature time series were collected for a 30-year study period from 1990 to 2020 from 56 gauged catchments in Solothurn, and similarly for a ten-year study period from 2013 to 2023 in Zürich, focusing on catchments smaller than 500 km² surrounding the target areas. A total of 30 “static” parameters delineating geometry, topography, geology, land use, and drainage along with nine “climatic” parameters describing temperatures, precipitation distributions, and potential evapotranspiration were defined and computed to characterize both gauged and ungauged catchments. The temporal variability of low flow events was then analysed for observed catchments in the two study areas. Over the past 30 years, the frequency of low flow events below the threshold has systematically increased, while the ten-year Q347 values for these catchments have decreased during the same period. Three multiple linear regression methods were developed and implemented to be coupled with two adjustment techniques supplementing truncated discharge time series. Validation of the proposed models showed reduced errors and increased linear correlations between estimated and observed values compared to standard models. Notably, a spatially more homogeneous yet catchment-specific distribution of estimated values is observable. The proposed models yielded promising results, particularly when time series remain unadjusted, or adjustment is done using the Antecedent Precipitation Index (API) combined with the flow duration curve of a donor basin (Ridolfi et al., 2020). Using recent data for parameter selection and model fitting, especially in the Zürich study area (2013-2022), often resulted in lower Q347 values compared to standard models, reflecting an adaptation to current climatic trends.
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Spatial distribution of radon in an experimental room
    (Elsevier, 16.11.2024) Grapentin, Raphael; Geiser, Antoine; Blaser Zürcher, Roger
    The spatial distribution of radon and the relevance of the placement of radon detectors relative to the entry path of radon-containing air in an experimental room was investigated. A radon emanation source was used from which the air was transported with a constant air flow into the room. The radon contaminated air was released under a floor element used for electrical wiring which has multiple holes connecting to the inner volume of the room. At 36 equally spaced lattice points in the room the radon activity concentration was measured with two different solid-state nuclear track detectors of type Radonova Radtrak and Radonova Rapidos. The radon exposure on the detectors was accumulated over 72 days. Additionally, an electronic measurement device of type Saphymo AlphaGUARD was used as reference. It indicated a radon exposition of 475(1) kBq.h/m3. The detectors of type Radtrak had a mean exposition of 564(36) kBq.h/m3 and the ones of type Rapidos 496(15) kBq.h/m3. Except for one outlier both types of detector showed a homogeneous distribution of radon in the room. Therefore, we have shown that under these experimental conditions the placement of the radon detector does not significantly influence the measurement result.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    A commissioning-oriented fault detection framework for building heating systems using SARIMAX models
    (29.10.2024) Sawant, Parantapa; Eismann, Ralph
    A scalable and rapidly deployable fault detection framework for building heating systems is presented. Unlike existing data-intensive machine learning approaches, a SARIMAX-based concept was implemented to address challenges with limited data availability after commissioning of the plant. The effectiveness of this framework is demonstrated on real-world data from multiple solar thermal systems, indicating potential for extensive field tests and applications for broader systems, including heat pumps and district heating.
    04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    FlexiCluster – Energetische Flexibilität von Arealen
    (Bundesamt für Energie BFE, 06.09.2024) Hall, Monika; Geissler, Achim
    Ziel des Projektes ist es, für Areale verbesserte Aussagen über das Zusammenspiel von Gebäudelast, Nutzung lokaler Strom-/Wärmeerzeugung, dem lokalen elektrischen Verteilnetz und der jeweiligen Trafostation zu machen. Insbesondere die Residuallast an der Trafostation ist für den Netzausbau ein wichtiger Parameter, weshalb sie detailliert betrachtet werden muss. Hierzu wird das System «Areal» in Verbindung mit dem System «elektrisches Netz» detailliert simuliert. Die komplexen Strukturen werden mit einer Multi-Agent Co-Simulations Umgebung abgebildet. Die System-Architektur setzt sich aus EnergyPlus (Gebäude inkl. Haustechnik), Mosaik (Multi-Agent Co-Simulation) und Pandapower (elektrisches Netz) zusammen. Mit der erstellten System-Architektur wird der Einfluss verschiedener Steuersignale auf verschieden Gebäude- und Arealparameter untersucht. Mit der erstellten System-Architektur wird ein Areal bestehend aus acht Einfamilienreihenhäusern mit unterschiedlichen Lastprofilen abgebildet. Aufgrund der Simulationen mit der erstellten System-Architektur kann gezeigt werden, dass das gewählte Lastmanagement (Day Ahead Preise, CO2äq-Emissionen, Trafoleistung und Trafotemperatur) für den netzdienlichen Betrieb des untersuchten Areals geeignet ist, ohne dass die thermische Behaglichkeit der Bewohnenden signifikant eingeschränkt wird. Es wird aber auch deutlich, dass die Netzeinspeisung eine grosse Rolle spielt. Ohne Berücksichtigung von Kurz- bzw. Langzeitspeicher kann das Areal gerade im Sommer nur eine sehr begrenzte Flexibilität aufweisen bzw. dem Lastmanagement nur bedingt Folge leisten.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Building and characterisation of a radon emanation source using a historical watch painted with radioluminescent paint containing radium
    (Institut Nachhaltigkeit und Energie am Bau, Hochschule für Architektur, Bau und Geomatik FHNW, 27.09.2024) Grapentin, Raphael
    Conducting experiments with 222Rn not always requires a radon emanation source traceable to primary standards, often it is sufficient to use a well characterised radium source. In this work we present the building and characterisation of a radon emanation source using a watch with radioluminescent paint containing 226Ra. The source with 179±9 kBq 226Ra was characterised for different air flow rates between 0.05 L/min and 2 L/min. The mean radon emanation coefficient was 0.54 ± 0.19 while a dependence of radon emanation on relative air humidity was discovered.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    How popular will ride hailing and ride pooling be with autonomous vehicles?
    (18.09.2024) van Eggermond, Michael; Erath, Alexander; Tanner, Reto
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Veloerreichbarkeit Sisslerfeld für verschiedene Nutzendengruppen
    (Hochschule für Architektur, Bau und Geomatik FHNW, 17.09.2024) Minder, Nils; Erath, Alexander; Mühlich, Nicolas
    11 - Studentische Arbeit
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Bestimmung von Velohauptrouten im Kanton Basel-Stadt
    (Hochschule für Architektur, Bau und Geomatik FHNW, 21.08.2024) Fiabane, Noè; Erath, Alexander
    Im Rahmen des ersten Vertiefungsprojektes im MSE befasst sich diese Arbeit mit der Bestimmung von Velohauptrouten. Durch die Auswertung von Velonetzen im In- und Ausland, das Studium von Fachliteratur und Interviews mit Expertinnen und Experten wurde eine Methodik entwickelt, um Velohauptrouten festzulegen. Diese Methodik wurde am Beispiel vom Kanton Basel-Stadt auf der Ebene des Netzentwurfes angewandt. Anhand des konkreten Beispiels Basel-Stadt zeigte sich, dass die Bestimmung von Velohauptrouten sowohl intuitiv als auch herausfordernd ist. Die Routenführung auf der Ebene der Hauptverbindungen ist in vielen Fällen durch äussere Rahmenbedingungen vorgegeben. Dazu gehören Zwangspunkte wie die Rheinbrücken sowie städtebauliche Hauptachsen. Wo eine solche Führung nicht offensichtlich ist, wurde ein Bewertungsschema entwickelt, das sich auf die Anforderungen des Gesetzes über Velowege und dessen Praxishilfe stützt. Bei unklaren Teilabschnitten einer Route konnte so mittels Varianten unterschiedliche Routenführungen erstellt werden. Anschliessend wurde durch das Bewertungsschema die Bestvariante eruiert und einer Sensitivitätsanalyse unterzogen. Aufgrund der zeitlichen Rahmenbedingungen wurde dies bei vier Abschnitten durchgeführt.
    11 - Studentische Arbeit