Hochschule für Technik und Umwelt FHNW
Dauerhafte URI für den Bereichhttps://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/35
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Publikation Effect of humidity on nitric acid uptake to mineral dust aerosol particles(Copernicus, 20.06.2006) Vlasenko, Alexander; Sjögren, Staffan; Weingartner, Ernest; Stemmler, Konrad; Gäggeler, Heinz W.; Ammann, MarkusThis study presents the first laboratory observation of HNO3 uptake by airborne mineral dust particles. The model aerosols were generated by dry dispersion of Arizona Test Dust (ATD), SiO2, and by nebulizing a saturated solution of calcium carbonate. The uptake of 13N-labeled gaseous nitric acid was observed in a flow reactor on the 0.2–2 s reaction time scale at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The amount of nitric acid appearing in the aerosol phase at the end of the flow tube was found to be a linear function of the aerosol surface area. SiO2 particles did not show any significant uptake, while the CaCO3 aerosol was found to be more reactive than ATD. Due to the smaller uncertainty associated with the reactive surface area in the case of suspended particles as compared to bulk powder samples, we believe that we provide an improved estimate of the rate of uptake of HNO3 to mineral dust. The fact that the rate of uptake was smaller at a concentration of 10^12 than at 10^11 was indicative of a complex uptake mechanism. The uptake coefficient averaged over the first 2 s of reaction time at a concentration of 10^12 molecules cm³ was found to increase with increasing relative humidity, from 0.022±0.007 at 12% RH to 0.113±0.017 at 73% RH , which was attributed to an increasing degree of solvation of the more basic minerals. The extended processing of the dust by higher concentrations of HNO3 at 85% RH led to a water soluble coating on the particles and enhanced their hygroscopicity.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Changes of fatty acid aerosol hygroscopicity induced by ozonolysis under humid conditions(Copernicus, 18.08.2008) Vesna, O.; Sjögren, Staffan; Weingartner, Ernest; Samburova, Vera; Kalberer, Markus; Gäggeler, Heinz W.; Ammann, MarkusUnsaturated fatty acids are important constituents of the organic fraction of atmospheric aerosols originating from biogenic or combustion sources. Oxidative processing of these may change their interaction with water and thus affect their effect on climate. The ozonolysis of oleic and arachidonic acid aerosol particles was studied under humid conditions in a flow reactor at ozone exposures close to atmospheric levels, at concentrations between 0.5 and 2 ppm. While oleic acid is a widely used proxy for such studies, arachidonic acid represents polyunsaturated fatty acids, which may decompose into hygroscopic products. The hygroscopic (diameter) growth factor at 93% relative humidity (RH) of the oxidized arachidonic particles increased up to 1.09 with increasing RH during the ozonolysis. In contrast, the growth factor of oleic acid was very low (1.03 at 93% RH) and was almost invariant to the ozonolysis conditions, so that oleic acid is not a good model to observe oxidation induced changes of hygroscopicity under atmospheric conditions. We show for arachidonic acid particles that the hygroscopic changes induced by humidity during ozonolysis are accompanied by about a doubling of the ratio of carboxylic acid protons to aliphatic protons. We suggest that, under humid conditions, the reaction of water with the Criegee intermediates might open a pathway for the formation of smaller acids that lead to more significant changes in hygroscopicity. Thus the effect of water to provide a competing pathway during ozonolysis observed in this study should be motivation to include water, which is ubiquitously present in and around atmospheric particles, in future studies related to aerosol particle aging.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation A review of more than 20 years of aerosol observation at the high altitude research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland (3580 m asl)(Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research, 2016) Bukowiecki, Nicolas; Weingartner, Ernest; Gysel, Martin; Coen, Martine Collaud; Zieger, Paul; Herrmann, Erik; Steinbacher, Martin; Gäggeler, Heinz W.; Baltensperger, Urs01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift