Weingartner, Ernest

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Weingartner
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Ernest
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Weingartner, Ernest

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2015 - 201932020 - 20221
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  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven zur Bedeutung der Aerosolübertragung für das Infektionsgeschehen von SARS-CoV-2
    (Thieme, 2022) Held, Andreas; Dellweg, Dominic; Köhler, Dieter; Pfaender, Stephanie; Scheuch, Gerhard; Schumacher, Stefan; Steinmann, Eike; Weingartner, Ernest; Weinzierl, Bernadett; Asbach, Christof [in: Das Gesundheitswesen]
    Die Bedeutung der Aerosolübertragung für das Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wurde anfangs kontrovers diskutiert. Mit der Zeit haben sich zur Infektionsminderung jedoch neben Abstands- und Hygieneregeln auch aerosolphysikalisch begründete Maßnahmen wie das Tragen von Gesichtsmasken und Lüftung von Innenräumen als effektiv erwiesen. In einem interdisziplinären Workshop „Aerosol & SARS-CoV-2“ der Gesellschaft für Aerosolforschung (GAeF) in Kooperation mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin (DGP), dem Fachverband Allgemeine Lufttechnik im VDMA, der Gesellschaft für Virologie (GfV), der Gesundheitstechnischen Gesellschaft (GG) und der International Society for Aerosols in Medicine (ISAM) unter der Schirmherrschaft des Robert-Koch-Instituts (RKI) im März 2021 wurde der Forschungs- und Abstimmungsbedarf zu diesem Thema aufgegriffen. Wesentliche Grundlagen aus den verschiedenen Disziplinen sowie interdisziplinäre Perspektiven zur Aerosolübertragung von SARS-CoV-2 und zu infektionsmindernden Maßnahmen werden hier zusammengefasst. Abschließend werden offene Forschungsfragen und dringender Forschungsbedarf dargestellt.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Ambient and laboratory observations of organic ammonium salts in PM₁
    (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017) Schlag, Patrick; Rubach, Florian; Mentel, Thomas F.; Reimer, David Thomas; Canonaco, Francesco; Henzing, Bas; Moerman, M.; Otjes, R.; Prévôt, André ; Rohrer, Franz; Rosati, B.; Tillmann, Ralf; Weingartner, Ernest; Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid [in: Faraday Discussions]
    Ambient measurements of PM1aerosol chemical composition at Cabauw, the Netherlands, implicate higher ammonium concentrations than explained by the formation of inorganic ammonium salts. This additional particulate ammonium is called excess ammonium (eNH4). Height profiles over the Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) tower, of combined ground based and airborne aerosol mass spectrometric (AMS) measurements on a Zeppelin airship show higher concentrations ofeNH4at higher altitudes compared to the ground. Through flights across the Netherlands, the Zeppelin based measurements furthermore substantiateeNH4as a regional phenomenon in the planetary boundary layer. The excess ammonium correlates with mass spectral signatures of (di-)carboxylic acids, making a heterogeneous acid–base reaction the likely process of NH3uptake. We show that this excess ammonium was neutralized by the organic fraction forming particulate organic ammonium salts. We discuss the significance of such organic ammonium salts for atmospheric aerosols and suggest that NH3emission control will have benefits for particulate matter control beyond the reduction of inorganic ammonium salts.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation
    (National Academy of Sciences, 2016) Gordon, Hamish; Sengupta, Kamalika; Rap, Alexandru; Duplissy, Jonathan; Frege, Carla; Williamson, Christina; Heinritzi, Martin; Simon, Mario; Yan, Chao; Almeida, João; Tröstl, Jasmin; Nieminen, Tuomo; Ortega, Ismael K.; Wagner, Robert; Dunne, Eimear M.; Adamov, Alexey; Amorim, Antonio; Bernhammer, Anne-Kathrin; Bianchi, Federico; Breitenlechner, Martin; Brilke, Sophia; Chen, Xuemeng; Craven, Jill S.; Dias, Antonio; Ehrhart, Sebastian; Fischer, Lukas; Flagan, Richard C.; Franchin, Alessandro; Fuchs, Claudia; Guida, Roberto; Hakala, Jani; Hoyle, Christopher R.; Jokinen, Tuija; Junninen, Heikki; Kangasluoma, Juha; Kim, Jaeseok; Kirkby, Jasper; Krapf, Manuel; Kürten, Andreas; Laaksonen, Ari; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Mathot, Serge; Molteni, Ugo; Monks, Sarah A.; Onnela, Antti; Peräkylä, Otso; Piel, Felix; Petäjä, Tuukka; Praplan, Arnaud P.; Pringle, Kirsty J.; Richards, Nigel A. D.; Rissanen, Matti P.; Rondo, Linda; Sarnela, Nina; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Scott, Catherine E.; Seinfeld, John H.; Sharma, Sangeeta; Sipilä, Mikko; Steiner, Gerhard; Stozhkov, Yuri; Stratmann, Frank; Tomé, Antonio; Virtanen, Annele; Vogel, Alexander Lucas; Wagner, Andrea C.; Wagner, Paul E.; Weingartner, Ernest; Wimmer, Daniela; Winkler, Paul M.; Ye, Penglin; Zhang, Xuan; Hansel, Armin; Dommen, Josef; Donahue, Neil M.; Worsnop, Douglas R.; Baltensperger, Urs; Kulmala, Markku; Curtius, Joachim; Carslaw, Kenneth S. [in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]
    A mechanism for the formation of atmospheric aerosols via the gas to particle conversion of highly oxidized organic molecules is found to be the dominant aerosol formation process in the preindustrial boundary layer over land. The inclusion of this process in a global aerosol model raises baseline preindustrial aerosol concentrations and could lead to a reduction of 27% in estimates of anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Analysis of long‐term aerosol size distribution data from Jungfraujoch with emphasis on free tropospheric conditions, cloud influence, and air mass transport
    (Wiley, 2015) Herrmann, Erik; Weingartner, Ernest; Henne, Stephan; Vuilleumier, Laurent; Bukowiecki, Nicolas; Steinbacher, Martin; Conen, Franz; Collaud Coen, Martine; Hammer, Emanuel; Jurányi, Zsófia; Baltensperger, Urs; Gysel, Martin [in: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres]
    Six years of aerosol size distribution measurements between 20 and 600 nm diameters and total aerosol concentration above 10 nm from March 2008 to February 2014 at the high‐alpine site Jungfraujoch are presented. The size distribution was found to be typically bimodal with mode diameters and widths relatively stable throughout the year and the observation period. New particle formation was observed on 14.5% of all days without a seasonal preference. Particles typically grew only into the Aitken mode and did not reach cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) sizes on the time scale of several days. Growth of preexisting particles in the Aitken mode, on average, contributed very few CCN. We concluded that the dominant fraction of CCN at Jungfraujoch originated in the boundary layer. A number of approaches were used to distinguish free tropospheric (FT) conditions and episodes with planetary boundary layer (PBL) influence. In the absence of PBL injections, the concentration of particles larger than 90 nm (N90, roughly corresponding to the CCN concentration) reached a value ~40 cm−3 while PBL influence caused N90 concentrations of several hundred or even 1000 cm−3. Comparing three criteria for free tropospheric conditions, we found FT prevalence for 39% of the time with over 60% during winter and below 20% during summer. It is noteworthy that a simple criterion based on standard trace gas measurements appeared to outperform alternative approaches.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift