Visschers, Vivianne

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Vivianne
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Visschers, Vivianne

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    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
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    Publikation
    Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in food: Which behaviour change strategies increase consumers’ risk awareness and preventive food-handling behaviour?
    (Taylor & Francis, 2021) Freivogel, Claudia; Visschers, Vivianne [in: Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine]
    Objectives We aimed to identify the potential of behaviour change strategies to effectively increase consumers? risk awareness, behavioural intention, and preventive food-handling behaviour to reduce the transmission risk of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria through food. The applied strategies targeted knowledge and determinants of the health action process approach (HAPA). We tested techniques that are expected to increase knowledge, risk perception, and positive outcome expectancy (Study 1) as well as those that increase planning and coping self-efficacy (Study 2) in two randomised control trials.Methods In Study 1 (N?=?328), a 2x2 between-subject design was employed to investigate the effects of an educational video about the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and a personalised risk message on knowledge, risk perception, outcome expectancy and consequently on intention regarding safe food-handling behaviour. In Study 2 (N=129), we used a 2x2 design to examine to what extent goal setting (implemented vs. not implemented) and time (pre- vs. post-test) affected planning, coping self-efficacy, and preventive food-handling behaviour.Results In Study 1, we found that the video increased knowledge and the perceived susceptibility of risk compared to the control video. We found no increase on the dependent variables after receiving the personalised risk message. In Study 2, goal setting significantly improved safe food-handling behaviour compared to the control condition. Moreover, participants in the goal-setting condition showed more planning of safe food-handling measures and of dealing with emerging barriers than participants in the control condition.Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the delivery of an educational video on the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is a useful strategy to increase risk awareness, whereas goal setting presents a promising approach to improve food-handling behaviour. Following the HAPA, an additional effective behaviour change technique is required that decreases negative outcome expectancies and improves coping self-efficacy, thereby further improving intention and behaviour.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
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    Publikation
    Judgments under uncertainty: evaluations of univocal, ambiguous and conflicting probability information
    (Routledge, 2017) Visschers, Vivianne [in: Journal of Risk Research]
    People often have to make decisions about problems that not only involve a probability of a risk, but also an uncertainty around this probability. In this paper, uncertainty that arises through a lack of knowledge (i.e. ambiguity) is distinguished from uncertainty that results from conflicting knowledge on the hazard's probability of occurring.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
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    Publikation
    Understanding the Underlying Psychosocial Determinants of Safe Food Handling among Consumers to Mitigate the Transmission Risk of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria
    (MDPI, 08.04.2020) Freivogel, Claudia; Visschers, Vivianne [in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]
    In this study, we aimed to explore the psychosocial factors related to consumers’ safe food-handling behaviors to reduce the transmission risk of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria through food products. To this end, we investigated the extent to which the variables of the health action process approach (HAPA) and subjective norms can predict safe food handling by consumers. Data were collected from a representative sample of consumers belonging to the German-speaking part of Switzerland by administering a self-reporting questionnaire. The results showed that risk perception, self-efficacy, and positive outcome expectancy (i.e., the motivational phase of HAPA) were significant predictors of the intentions to handle food in a safe manner (see graphical abstract below). Additionally, in the volitional phase of HAPA, intention was found to be a significant predictor of safe food-handling behaviors. Contrary to expectations based on HAPA, action planning did not mediate the intention–behavior relationship. Only a small part of the variance in behavior was explained by coping planning and action control. The findings confirmed that the motivational phase of HAPA may be useful for determining safe food handling.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Sorting out food waste behaviour: A survey on the motivators and barriers of self-reported amounts of food waste in households
    (Elsevier, 2016) Visschers, Vivianne; Wickli, Nadine; Siegrist, Michael [in: Journal of Environmental Psychology]
    Households in Western countries are responsible for a large amount of food that is not consumed, but instead is wasted, which has large environmental impacts. To reduce this amount, we should understand the predictors of consumers' food waste. We conducted a large mail survey in Switzerland to investigate which determinants explain the self-reported amount of food waste in households. Determinants were taken from the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), as well as personal norms, knowledge, household planning habits and the good provider identity. Self-reported amounts of food waste were assessed for 11 food groups. The TPB determinants, together with the good provider identity, explained the amount of food waste well. Moreover, different predictors appeared relevant for waste in different food categories. To reduce food waste in households, interventions should focus on increasing consumers' perceived behavioural control over food waste and persuading them that they can be a good provider without wasting food.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Schlussbericht des Projekts «Intervention zur Risikoreduktion der multiplen antimikrobiell resistenten Übertragungswege» - Ein Forschungsprojekt im Rahmen des NFP 72 «Antimikrobielle Resistenzen»
    (Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW, 04/2021) Visschers, Vivianne; Freivogel, Claudia; Lehmann, Sarah Heather; Lechner, Isabel
    Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten sind über den Kontakt mit Tieren antimikrobiell resistenten Bakterien ausgesetzt (z. B. über den Lebensmittelkonsum und die Pflege von Haustieren). Es ist bisher unzureichend klar, welche Übertragungswege für Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten gefährlich sind und wie deren Umgang mit diesen Übertragungswegen verbessert werden kann. Es werden erprobte Interventionsstrategien benötigt, welche die Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten zu einem sicheren Umgang mit Tieren und Lebensmitteln, hinsichtlich der Übertragung resistenter Bakterien, bewegen. Der vorliegende Bericht ist das Ergebnis eines dreijährigen Forschungsprojekts. In welchem Interventionsstrategien entwickelt und getestet wurden, die Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten für einen sicheren Umgang mit Tieren und Lebensmitteln sensibilisieren und sie motivieren diese umzusetzen. Hierzu wurde aufgrund von Expertenmeinungen zunächst eine Risikokarte der Übertragungswege resistenter Bakterien in der Schweizer Lebensmittelkette und durch den Kontakt mit Haus- und Nutztieren erstellt. Anschliessend erhoben wir in Interviews, wie Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten, Tierärztinnen und -ärzte und Landwirtinnen und -wirte die jeweiligen Risiken wahrnehmen. Auf diese Weise wurden mögliche Anhaltspunkte für eine Intervention bei Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten identifiziert. Letztlich untersuchten wir, inwiefern verschiedene Interventionsstrategien Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten in ihrem Umgang hinsichtlich Lebensmittel beeinflussen. Es zeigte sich, dass eine Intervention, welche massgeschneiderte Strategien für den sicheren Umgang mit Lebensmitteln bietet, gleich gut funktioniert als eine allgemeine Intervention, die für alle Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten gleich ist. Dennoch ist eine massgeschneiderte Intervention imstande die Bereitschaft und Selbstwirksamkeit für den sicheren Umgang mit Lebensmitteln bei niedrig motivierten Personen zu verbessern. Die Erkenntnisse dieses Forschungsprojekts liefern eine Grundlage, um die Übertragungsrisiken resistenter Bakterien zwischen Tieren und Menschen zu bewerten. Darüber hinaus zeigen sie Entscheidungsträgern Interventionsstrategien (z. B. Erklärvideo, Zielsetzung), die wirksam und praktisch umsetzbar sind.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
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    Publikation
    Higher perceived risks of antimicrobial use are related to lower usage among pig farmers in four European countries
    (BMJ, 2016) Visschers, Vivianne; Postma, Merel; Sjölund, Marie; Backhans, Annette; Collineau, Lucie; Loesken, Svenja; Belloc, Catherine; Dewulf, Jeroen; Emanuelson, Ulf; Siegrist, Michael; Stärk, Katherina [in: Veterinary Record]
    The prudent use of antimicrobials (AMs) should be widened in pig farming to reduce the risk of AM resistance (AMR) in human and veterinary medicine. It is therefore important to understand pig farmers’ motivators and the barriers to AM usage (AMU) on their farms. The authors investigated pig farmers’ self-estimated levels of AMU, their perceived benefits and risks and the need for AMs in a cross-sectional survey in Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden. The authors also compared these perceptions between the four countries and related them to pig farmers’ actual AMU. The results showed that farmers who used more AMs also estimated their own usage as higher. Farmers perceived many benefits but relatively few risks of AMU in pig farming. Some significant cross-country differences in farmers’ perceptions were found, but they were relatively small. After controlling for country differences and farm differences, only perceived risks had a significant association with AMU. The authors therefore conclude that in order to promote prudent AMU, it seems most promising to focus on the structural differences in pig farming and veterinary medicine (e.g. legislation, role of the veterinarian) among countries. In addition, interventions which aim at reducing AMU should increase farmers’ awareness of the risks of extensive AMU.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Affect or information? Examining drivers of public preferences of future energy portfolios in Switzerland
    (Elsevier, 2019) Jobin, Marilou; Visschers, Vivianne; Arvai, Joseph; Siegrist, Michael [in: Energy Research & Social Science]
    The energy transition in Switzerland, as in many other countries, aims to increase the proportion of electricity produced using renewable energy technologies. In this context, governmental agencies and other institutions have attempted to communicate the implications of (domestic) electricity systems through the use of web-based and interactive decision support systems (DSSs). Studies show that, when no additional information is provided, preferences concerning the future electricity mix are mainly driven by the affective reactions that energy technologies evoke. A question remains, however, regarding how people engage with the information provided in a DSS, as well as whether such information is influential in terms of shaping people’s choices. We asked our participants to build an electricity portfolio using a DSS, which modeled the Swiss electricity system. The participants’ political orientation and their affective reactions to different energy technologies guided their information search, as well as the choice of energy technologies within their portfolio. The attention paid to the information provided was not directly related to the participants’ portfolio choices. The selective processing of information, which was based on the participants’ prior attitudes, suggests that they target information they are already familiar with in the DSS. However, this also illustrates a caveat previously identified in motivated political reasoning, since selective information processing, together with the tendency to disconfirm information that is incongruent with prior beliefs, can lead to the polarization of previously held views. As the information provided through the DSS we tested was unable to change the participants’ affective-cognitive evaluation of energy technologies, its use should be carefully considered in light of the possible effects of consolidating existing beliefs.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift