Hell, Benedikt
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Female entrepreneurs need to be self-efficient and not risk-taking: personality and perceived success throughout the entrepreneurial journey
This study addresses the underrepresentation of women and the so-far neglected process perspective in empirical entrepreneurial research. It aims to identify the personality traits that differentiate successful female entrepreneurs from their less successful peers and to determine which traits are crucial for pre-launch, launch, and post-launch success. Independent t-tests on 305 female entrepreneurs (and 476 male entrepreneurs) from the DACH region highlight the role of self-efficacy, proactivity, locus of control, and need for achievement for female entrepreneurs. Multiple regression analyses further reveal the importance of self-efficacy for every phase of women’s entrepreneurial journey. While the need for autonomy was critical during pre-launch and launch, locus of control significantly predicted female entrepreneurial success in the pre-launch and post-launch phases. Contrary to previous research, risk-taking was not a crucial trait for female entrepreneurs when compared to their male counterparts, while both showed similar levels of need for autonomy, proactivity, need for achievement, perseverance, self-control, and locus of control. The study offers valuable insights into successful entrepreneurship and highlights the need for female- and phase-specific support programs to enhance self-efficacy among female entrepreneurs.
Die Bedeutung der Persönlichkeit von Unternehmensgründenden für den Gründungserfolg
Der wahrgenommene Nutzen von reflexionsorientierten und von geschlossenen Übungen im Rahmen eines Berufswahltrainings
Konstruktion fächerübergreifender Self-Assessments. Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen
Successful female entrepreneurs need to be self-efficient and not risk-taking - the validity of personality differences throughout the entrepreneurial journey of females
Start-up incubators for refugees. Applying psychological methods to increase chances of entrepreneurial success
An increasing number of start-up incubators offer programmes designed specifically for refugees. They provide entrepreneurship training and access to a closely-knit community for start-up development. Beyond that, they also support refugees in overcoming typical challenges, including a lack of language skills and required qualifications, an uncertain residence status, discrimination and psychological distress on various levels. While these incubators have already contributed to refugees’ social and economic integration, the number of successful participants is still relatively low. The question remains about what can be done to multiply the potential so that more significant numbers of refugees can benefit. To support incubators in achieving more significant numbers, this work presents a framework of methods and tools based on health and organisational psychology literature. More specifically, this work focuses on methods and tools to be applied during two critical phases of the incubation cycle, namely the selection process and the actual programme. First, suitable candidates may be overlooked and/or less suitable candidates admit-ted during selection. This work proposes approaches to improve the accuracy of assessment methods so that more significant numbers of candidates with good chances of success are admit-ted. In addition, these methods can help identify those candidates who may appear unsuitable at first sight but could likely get ready with a preparatory course before joining the programme. Second, participants may have difficulty keeping up during the programme for various reasons (often related to the mentioned challenges) and therefore drop out early. This work proposes science-based approaches which help to adapt and improve existing programme elements and/or implement new elements to increase the chances of successful programme completion. Overall, this work seeks to contribute to the academic discussion on innovative approaches to upscale the work of incubators for refugees. Further research will involve co-developing practical approaches with incubators for refugees, cooperating on the implementation, and measuring impact. The goal of providing incubators with relevant practical insights is to deploy more significant numbers of refugees as entrepreneurs and contribute to broader social and economic impact.
Start-up incubators for refugees: Applying psychological methods to increase chances of entrepreneurial success
An increasing number of start-up incubators offer programmes designed specifically for refugees. They provide entrepreneurship training and access to a closely-knit community for start-up development. Beyond that, they also support refugees in overcoming typical challenges, including a lack of language skills and required qualifications, an uncertain residence status, discrimination and psychological distress on various levels. While these incubators have already contributed to refugees’ social and economic integration, the number of successful participants is still relatively low. The question remains about what can be done to multiply the potential so that more significant numbers of refugees can benefit. To support incubators in achieving more significant numbers, this work presents a framework of methods and tools based on health and organisational psychology literature. More specifically, this work focuses on methods and tools to be applied during two critical phases of the incubation cycle, namely the selection process and the actual programme.
Wissenschafts-Praxis-Gap in der Eignungsdiagnostik: Die Validität von Personalauswahlverfahren aus Sicht von HR-Fachpersonen im Vergleich zu metaanalytischen Erkenntnissen
Die Metaanalyse von Schmidt und Hunter (1998) hat bis heute einen großen Einfluss auf das Forschungs- und Anwendungsfeld Eignungsdiagnostik und es ist zu erwarten, dass die Metaanalyse von Sackett, Zhang, Berry und Lievens (2022) einen ähnlichen Impact entfalten wird. Unklar ist, wie sehr diese metaanalytischen Erkenntnisse in der Praxis wahrgenommen werden. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, ob die Validitätseinschätzungen von HR-Fachpersonen mit den metaanalytischen Ergebnissen von Schmidt und Hunter (1998) sowie der neu erschienenen Studie von Sackett, Zhang, Berry und Lievens (2022) übereinstimmen und wie etwaige Abweichungen erklärt werden können. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Validität von Assessment Centern und von Referenzen im Vergleich zur metaanalytischen Befundlage überschätzt und die Aussagekraft von kognitiven Fähigkeitstests unterschätzt wird. Insgesamt haben die HR-Fachpersonen aber ein überwiegend realistisches Bild von der Aussagekraft der Auswahlverfahren. Die ermittelten abweichenden Einschätzungen durch die HR-Fachpersonen werden ergründet und es werden Schlussfolgerungen für die weitere Forschung sowie die Dissemination von praxisorientierten Forschungsergebnissen abgeleitet.