Studerus, Erich

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Studerus
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Erich
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Erich Studerus

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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Subjective long-term emotional and social effects of recreational MDMA use: the role of setting and intentions
    (Springer, 2024) Elmer, Timon; Vannoy, Tanya K.; Studerus, Erich; Lyubomirsky, Sonja
    MDMA is a recreational drug commonly used to enhance euphoria, but it is also used in non-party settings with self-insight or social connection intentions. Yet, little is known about whether distinct consumer groups are formed based on consumption setting and intention. We aimed to characterize different types of recreational MDMA users based on consumption setting and intentions, and to examine their differences in perceptions of long-term social-emotional effects of MDMA use. We analyzed self-reports of 766 individuals (ages 18–61, mostly from Western countries), reporting on their MDMA consumption habits and perceived effects. We used a K-medoids clustering algorithm to identify distinct types of consumption settings and intentions. We identified three setting types – party settings with friends (N = 388), private home settings (N = 132), mixed settings (N = 246) – and three intention types – euphoria and energy (N = 302), self-insight (N = 219), mixed intentions (N = 245). Members of the self-insight and mixed intentions clusters reported considerably more long-term socio-emotional benefits than members of the euphoria and energy cluster. No differences were observed between the setting clusters. In this particular sample, more long-term benefits than harms were reported. Our findings suggest that the long-term social-emotional benefits of MDMA are associated with whether users seek self-insight or have mixed intentions.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Influence of cannabis use on incidence of psychosis in people at clinical high risk
    (Wiley, 2023) Chester, Lucy Ann; Valmaggia, Lucia; Kempton, Matthew; Chesney, Edward; Oliver, Dominic; Hedges, Emily; Klatsa, Elise; Stahl, Daniel; van der Gaag, Mark; de Haan, Lieuwe; Nelson, Barnaby; McGorry, Patrick; Amminger, G. Paul; Riecher-Rössler, Anita; Studerus, Erich; Bressan, Rodrigo; Barrantes-Vidal, Neus; Krebs, Marie-Odile; Glenthøj, Birte; Nordentoft, Merete; Ruhrmann, Stephan; Sachs, Gabriele; McGuire, Philip
    Aims Evidence for case–control studies suggests that cannabis use is a risk factor for the development of psychosis. However, there have been limited prospective studies and the direction of this association remains controversial. The primary aim of the present study was to examine the association between cannabis use and the incidence of psychotic disorders in people at clinical high risk of psychosis. Secondary aims were to assess associations between cannabis use and the persistence of psychotic symptoms, and with functional outcome. Methods Current and previous cannabis use were assessed in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (n = 334) and healthy controls (n = 67), using a modified version of the Cannabis Experience Questionnaire. Participants were assessed at baseline and followed up for 2 years. Transition to psychosis and persistence of psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States criteria. Level of functioning at follow up was assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning disability scale. Results During follow up, 16.2% of the clinical high-risk sample developed psychosis. Of those who did not become psychotic, 51.4% had persistent symptoms and 48.6% were in remission. There was no significant association between any measure of cannabis use at baseline and either transition to psychosis, the persistence of symptoms, or functional outcome. Conclusions These findings contrast with epidemiological data that suggest that cannabis use increases the risk of psychotic disorder.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Latent state-trait structure of BPRS subscales in clinical high-risk state and first episode psychosis
    (Nature, 2022) Hochstrasser, Lisa; Studerus, Erich; Riecher-Rössler, Anita; Schimmelmann, Benno; Lambert, Martin; Lang, Undine E.; Borgwardt, Stefan; Stieglitz, Rolf-Dieter; Huber, Christian G.
    To investigate the longitudinal latent state-trait structure of the different dimensions of psychosis symptoms in clinical high-risk state (CHRS) and first episode psychosis (FEP) individuals over a one year time-span. This paper examines if the symptom clusters Positive Symptoms, Negative Symptoms, Affectivity, Resistance, Activation, and Excitement according to the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) differ in their trait and state characters in 196 CHRS and 131 FEP individuals. Statistical analysis was performed using latent state-trait analysis. On average, trait differences accounted for 72.2% of Positive Symptoms, 81.1% of Negative Symptoms, 57.0% of Affectivity, and 69.2% of Activation, whereas 15.0% of the variance of Resistance and 13.2% of the variance of Excitement were explained by trait differences. Explorative analyses showed a trait components’ increase of 0.408 in Positive Symptoms from baseline up to the 9th month and an increase of 0.521 in Affectivity from baseline up to the 6th month. Negative Symptoms had the highest trait component levels of all subscales between baseline and 6 months. The finding that an increasing proportion of psychosis symptoms is persisting over time underlines the importance of early intervention programs in individuals with psychotic disorders.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Relation between self-perceived stress, psychopathological symptoms and the stress hormone prolactin in emerging psychosis
    (Elsevier, 2021) Studerus, Erich; Ittig, Sarah; Beck, Katharina; Del Cacho, Nuria; Vila-Badia, Regina; Butjosa, Anna; Usall, Judith; Riecher-Rössler, Anita
    Background Psychosocial stress and the stress hormone prolactin are assumed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and related psychoses, and have been frequently observed to be increased in antipsychotic-naïve patients with a clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) or first episode of psychosis (FEP). The aim of this study was to further elucidate the relationships between self-perceived stress, psychopathological symptoms and prolactin levels in these patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 45 healthy controls, 31 CHR-P patients and 87 FEP patients were recruited from two different study centers. Prolactin was measured under standardized conditions between 8 and 10 am. All patients were antipsychotic-naïve and not taking any prolactin influencing medication. Self-perceived stress during the last month was measured with the perceived stress scale (PSS-10) immediately before blood taking. Results Both CHR-P and FEP patients showed significantly higher levels of self-perceived stress and prolactin than controls. Hyperprolactinemia (i.e. prolactin levels above the reference range) was observed in 26% of CHR-P and 45% of FEP patients. Self-perceived stress was significantly positively associated with affective symptoms, but not with other symptoms. There was no significant association between self-perceived stress and prolactin levels. Conclusion Our results confirm that CHR-P and FEP patients have higher stress levels than healthy controls and frequently have hyperprolactinemia, independent of antipsychotic medication. However, although it is well established that prolactin increases in response to stress, our results do not support the notion that increased prolactin levels in these patients are due to stress.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Prediction of MDMA response in healthy humans: a pooled analysis of placebo-controlled studies
    (SAGE, 2021) Studerus, Erich; Vizeli, Patrick; Harder, Samuel; Ley, Laura; Liechti, Matthias E
    Background: 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is used both recreationally and therapeutically. Little is known about the factors influencing inter- and intra-individual differences in the acute response to MDMA. Effects of other psychoactive substances have been shown to be critically influenced by personality traits and mood state before intake. Methods: We pooled data from 10 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over studies performed in the same laboratory in 194 healthy subjects receiving doses of 75 or 125mg of MDMA. We investigated the influence of drug dose, body weight, sex, age, drug pre-experience, genetics, personality and mental state before drug intake on the acute physiological and psychological response to MDMA. Results: In univariable analyses, the MDMA plasma concentration was the strongest predictor for most outcome variables. When adjusting for dose per body weight, we found that (a) a higher activity of the enzyme CYP2D6 predicted lower MDMA plasma concentration, (b) a higher score in the personality trait "openness to experience" predicted more perceived "closeness", a stronger decrease in "general inactivation", and higher scores in the 5D-ASC (5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness Questionnaire) scales "oceanic boundlessness" and "visionary restructuralization", and (c) subjects with high "neuroticism" or trait anxiety were more likely to have unpleasant and/or anxious reactions. Conclusions: Although MDMA plasma concentration was the strongest predictor, several personality traits and mood state variables additionally explained variance in the response to MDMA. The results confirm that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological variables influence the response to MDMA. These findings may be relevant for the therapeutic use of MDMA.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Implementing precision psychiatry: a systematic review of individualized prediction models for clinical practice
    (Oxford University Press, 2021) Salazar de Pablo, Gonzalo; Studerus, Erich; Vaquerizo-Serrano, Julio; Irving, Jessica; Catalan, Ana; Oliver, Dominic; Baldwin, Helen; Danese, Andrea; Fazel, Seena; Steyerberg, Ewout W; Stahl, Daniel; Fusar-Poli, Paolo
    Background: The impact of precision psychiatry for clinical practice has not been systematically appraised. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of validated prediction models to estimate the individual risk of being affected with a condition (diagnostic), developing outcomes (prognostic), or responding to treatments (predictive) in mental disorders. Methods: PRISMA/RIGHT/CHARMS-compliant systematic review of the Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Reviews, and Ovid/PsycINFO databases from inception until July 21, 2019 (PROSPERO CRD42019155713) to identify diagnostic/prognostic/predictive prediction studies that reported individualized estimates in psychiatry and that were internally or externally validated or implemented. Random effect meta-regression analyses addressed the impact of several factors on the accuracy of prediction models. Findings: Literature search identified 584 prediction modeling studies, of which 89 were included. 10.4% of the total studies included prediction models internally validated (n = 61), 4.6% models externally validated (n = 27), and 0.2% (n = 1) models considered for implementation. Across validated prediction modeling studies (n = 88), 18.2% were diagnostic, 68.2% prognostic, and 13.6% predictive. The most frequently investigated condition was psychosis (36.4%), and the most frequently employed predictors clinical (69.5%). Unimodal compared to multimodal models (β = .29, P = .03) and diagnostic compared to prognostic (β = .84, p < .0001) and predictive (β = .87, P = .002) models were associated with increased accuracy. Interpretation: To date, several validated prediction models are available to support the diagnosis and prognosis of psychiatric conditions, in particular, psychosis, or to predict treatment response. Advancements of knowledge are limited by the lack of implementation research in real-world clinical practice. A new generation of implementation research is required to address this translational gap.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift