Linxen, Sebastian
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How WEIRD is CHI?
Computer technology is often designed in technology hubs in Western countries, invariably making it “WEIRD”, because it is based on the intuition, knowledge, and values of people who are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic. Developing technology that is universally useful and engaging requires knowledge about members of WEIRD and non-WEIRD societies alike. In other words, it requires us, the CHI community, to generate this knowledge by studying representative participant samples. To fnd out to what extent CHI participant samples are from Western societies, we analyzed papers published in the CHI proceedings between 2016-2020. Our fndings show that 73% of CHI study fndings are based on Western participant samples, representing less than 12% of the world’s population. Furthermore, we show that most participant samples at CHI tend to come from industrialized, rich, and democratic countries with generally highly educated populations. Encouragingly, recent years have seen a slight increase in non-Western samples and those that include several countries. We discuss suggestions for further broadening the international representation of CHI participant samples.
Culture and HCI: A still slowly growing field of research. Findings from a systematic, comparative mapping review
Culture is a phenomenon that shapes and conditions outcomes of human-computer interaction in very significant ways. The goal of this study was to analyse the development of the field that studies culture as part of HCI research. To do so, a systematic mapping review was carried out that analyzed articles from seven high profile HCI journals and conference proceedings in 2010, and from 2016 to 2020. The results were then systematically compared to a previous study from Kamppuri et al. [14], which covered the time from 1990 to 2005. The analysis shows a steady increase in the number of articles that consider culture. However, given the importance of culture as a phenomenon, the increase in articles that consider culture from 0.9% in the period of 1990 to 2005 to 1.9% of the articles in the present sample (2010, 2016-2020) is inadequate. There is also room for improvement regarding the the limited extent to which culture is linked to underpinning conceptual and theoretical sources. If the HCI community wishes to establish knowledge that is globally more relevant, the concept of culture needs to be studied and articulated much more systematically.
How WEIRD is HCI?: Extending HCI Principles to Other Countries and Cultures
A large majority of articles published at prominent HCI venues such as CHI and CSCW reports on studies with WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) participants, ignoring that the results might not apply to other subject populations. This workshop aims to have the following two main outcomes: (1) A list of major principles that HCI researchers often build on and that are unlikely to apply to users in other countries and cultures. (2) An action plan that describes how we can extend these previous findings, such as by collaborating across countries and cultures, conducting large-scale online experiments, or creating a culture of replications and extensions with more diverse subject populations. Furthermore, the workshop aims to establish an interest group with the goal to improve the external validity of HCI research and to inform the design of further research studies in this area.