Experimental studies on particle emissions from cruising ship, their characteristic properties, transformation and atmospheric lifetime in the marine boundary layer
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Authors
Petzold, Andreas
Hasselbach, Jürgen
Lauer, Pete
Baumann, Robert
Franke, Klaus
Gurk, C.
Schlager, Hans
Author (Corporation)
Publication date
06.05.2008
Typ of student thesis
Course of study
Collections
Type
01A - Journal article
Editors
Editor (Corporation)
Supervisor
Parent work
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Special issue
DOI of the original publication
Link
Series
Series number
Volume
8
Issue / Number
9
Pages / Duration
2387-2403
Patent number
Publisher / Publishing institution
Copernicus
Place of publication / Event location
Göttingen
Edition
Version
Programming language
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Practice partner / Client
Abstract
Particle emissions from ship engines and their atmospheric transformation in the marine boundary layer (MBL) were investigated in engine test bed studies and in airborne measurements of expanding ship plumes. During the test rig studies, detailed aerosol microphysical and chemical properties were measured in the exhaust gas of a serial MAN B&W seven-cylinder four-stroke marine diesel engine under various load conditions. The emission studies were complemented by airborne aerosol transformation studies in the plume of a large container ship in the English Channel using the DLR aircraft Falcon 20 E-5. Observations from emission studies and plume studies combined with a Gaussian plume dispersion model yield a consistent picture of particle transformation processes from emission to atmospheric processing during plume expansion. Particulate matter emission indices obtained from plume measurements are 8.8±1.0×1015(kg fuel)−1 by number for non-volatile particles and 174±43 mg (kg fuel)−1 by mass for Black Carbon (BC). Values determined for test rig conditions between 85 and 110% engine load are of similar magnitude. For the total particle number including volatile compounds no emission index can be derived since the volatile aerosol fraction is subject to rapid transformation processes in the plume. Ship exhaust particles occur in the size range Dp<0.3 μm, showing a bi-modal structure. The combustion particle mode is centred at modal diameters of 0.05 μm for raw emissions to 0.10 μm at a plume age of 1 h. The smaller-sized volatile particle mode is centred at Dp≤0.02 μm. From the decay of ship exhaust particle number concentrations in an expanding plume, a maximum plume life time of approx. 24 h is estimated for a well-mixed marine boundary layer.
Keywords
Subject (DDC)
550 - Geowissenschaften
Event
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ISBN
ISSN
1680-7324
1680-7316
1680-7316
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
No
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Gold
License
Citation
PETZOLD, Andreas, Jürgen HASSELBACH, Pete LAUER, Robert BAUMANN, Klaus FRANKE, C. GURK, Hans SCHLAGER und Ernest WEINGARTNER, 2008. Experimental studies on particle emissions from cruising ship, their characteristic properties, transformation and atmospheric lifetime in the marine boundary layer. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6 Mai 2008. Bd. 8, Nr. 9, S. 2387–2403. DOI 10.5194/acp-8-2387-2008. Verfügbar unter: https://doi.org/10.26041/fhnw-9743