Single particle characterization of black carbon aerosols at a tropospheric alpine site in Switzerland

dc.contributor.authorLiu, D.
dc.contributor.authorFlynn, Michael
dc.contributor.authorGysel, Martin
dc.contributor.authorTargino, Admir Créso
dc.contributor.authorCrawford, Ian
dc.contributor.authorBower, Keith
dc.contributor.authorChoularton, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorJurányi, Zsófia
dc.contributor.authorSteinbacher, Martin
dc.contributor.authorHüglin, Christoph
dc.contributor.authorCurtius, Joachim
dc.contributor.authorKampus, M.
dc.contributor.authorPetzold, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorWeingartner, Ernest
dc.contributor.authorBaltensperger, Urs
dc.contributor.authorCoe, Hugh
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-24T11:25:29Z
dc.date.available2024-07-24T11:25:29Z
dc.date.issued2010-08-09
dc.description.abstractThe refractory black carbon (rBC) mass, size distribution (190–720 nm) and mixing state in sub-micron aerosols were characterized from late February to March 2007 using a single particle incandescence method at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch (JFJ), Switzerland (46.33° N, 7.59° E, 3580 m a.s.l.). JFJ is a ground based location, which is at times exposed to continental free tropospheric air. A median mass absorption coefficient (MAC) of 10.2±3.2 m2 g−1 at λ=630 nm was derived by comparing single particle incandescence measurements of black carbon mass with continuous measurements of absorption coefficient. This value is comparable with other estimates at this location. The aerosols measured at the site were mostly well mixed and aged during transportation via the free troposphere. Pollutant sources were traced by air mass back trajectories, trace gases concentrations and the mass loading of rBC. In southeasterly wind directions, mixed or convective weather types provided the potential to vent polluted boundary layer air from the southern Alpine area and industrial northern Italy, delivering enhanced rBC mass loading and CN concentrations to the JFJ. The aerosol loadings at this site were also significantly influenced by precipitation, which led to the removal of rBC from the atmosphere. Precipitation events were shown to remove about 65% of the rBC mass from the free tropospheric background reducing the mean loading from 13±5 ng m−3 to 6±2 ng m−3(corrected to standard temperature and pressure). Overall, 40±15% of the observed rBC particles within the detectable size range were mixed with large amounts of non-refractory materials present as a thick coating. The growth of particle size into the accumulation mode was positively linked with the degree of rBC mixing, suggesting the important role of condensable materials in increasing particle size and leading to enhanced internal mixing of these materials with rBC. It is the first time that BC mass, size distribution and mixing state are reported in the free troposphere over Europe. These ground based measurements also provide the first temporal study of rBC in the European free troposphere quantitatively measured by single particle methods. At the present time there is only limited information of BC and its mixing state in the free troposphere, especially above Europe. The results reported in this paper provide an important constraint on modelled representation of BC.
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/acp-10-7389-2010
dc.identifier.issn1680-7324
dc.identifier.issn1680-7316
dc.identifier.urihttps://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/46637
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.26041/fhnw-9694
dc.issue15
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherCopernicus
dc.relation.ispartofAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.spatialGöttingen
dc.titleSingle particle characterization of black carbon aerosols at a tropospheric alpine site in Switzerland
dc.type01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
dc.volume10
dspace.entity.typePublication
fhnw.InventedHereNo
fhnw.ReviewTypeAnonymous ex ante peer review of a complete publication
fhnw.affiliation.hochschuleHochschule für Technikde_CH
fhnw.affiliation.institutlnstitut für Sensorik und Elektronikde_CH
fhnw.openAccessCategoryGold
fhnw.pagination7389-7407
fhnw.publicationStatePublished
relation.isAuthorOfPublication54997bb8-cf4a-4120-b0c7-f8e731e8eea1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication05dd9a19-7a24-4325-805a-2d121483b168
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery05dd9a19-7a24-4325-805a-2d121483b168
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