Iron, manganese and copper emitted by cargo and passenger trains in Zürich (Switzerland). Size-segregated mass concentrations in ambient air
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Authors
Bukowiecki, Nicolas
Gehrig, Robert
Hill, Matthias
Lienemann, Peter
Zwicky, Christoph N.
Buchmann, Brigitte
Baltensperger, Urs
Author (Corporation)
Publication date
02/2007
Typ of student thesis
Course of study
Collections
Type
01A - Journal article
Editors
Editor (Corporation)
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Parent work
Atmospheric Environment
Special issue
DOI of the original publication
Link
Series
Series number
Volume
41
Issue / Number
4
Pages / Duration
878-889
Patent number
Publisher / Publishing institution
Elsevier
Place of publication / Event location
Amsterdam
Edition
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Abstract
Particle emissions caused by railway traffic have hardly been investigated in the past, due to their obviously minor influence on air quality compared to automotive traffic. In this study, emissions related to particle abrasion from wheels and tracks were investigated next to a busy railway line in Zürich (Switzerland), where trains run nearly exclusively with electrical locomotives. Hourly size-segregated aerosol samples (0.1–1, 1–2.5 and 2.5–10 μm) were collected with a rotating drum impactor (RDI) and subsequently analyzed by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SR-XRF). In this way, hourly elemental mass concentrations were obtained for chromium, manganese, iron and copper, which are the elements most relevant for railway abrasion. Additionally, daily aerosol filters were collected at the same site as well as at a background site for subsequent analysis by gravimetry and wavelength dispersive XRF (WD-XRF). Railway related ambient air concentrations of iron and manganese were calculated for the coarse (2.5–10 μm) and fine (<2.5 μm) particle fraction by means of a Mn/Fe ratio investigation. The comparison to train type and frequency data showed that 75% and 60% of the iron and manganese mass concentrations related to cargo and passenger trains, respectively, were found in the coarse mode. The railway related iron mass concentration normalized by the train frequency ranges between 10 and 100 ng mˉ³ h iron in 10 m distance to the tracks, depending on train type. It is estimated that the personal exposure next to a busy railway line above ground is more than a magnitude lower than inside a subway station.
Keywords
Subject (DDC)
380 - Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
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ISBN
ISSN
1352-2310
0004-6981
0004-6981
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
No
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Closed
License
Citation
BUKOWIECKI, Nicolas, Robert GEHRIG, Matthias HILL, Peter LIENEMANN, Christoph N. ZWICKY, Brigitte BUCHMANN, Ernest WEINGARTNER und Urs BALTENSPERGER, 2007. Iron, manganese and copper emitted by cargo and passenger trains in Zürich (Switzerland). Size-segregated mass concentrations in ambient air. Atmospheric Environment. Februar 2007. Bd. 41, Nr. 4, S. 878–889. DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.045. Verfügbar unter: https://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/46712