Aerosol and trace gas vehicle emission factors measured in a tunnel using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and other on-line instrumentation
dc.contributor.author | Chirico, Roberto | |
dc.contributor.author | Prevot, Andre S.H. | |
dc.contributor.author | DeCarlo, Peter F. | |
dc.contributor.author | Heringa, Maarten F. | |
dc.contributor.author | Richter, Rene | |
dc.contributor.author | Weingartner, Ernest | |
dc.contributor.author | Baltensperger, Urs | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-06-25T07:39:59Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-06-25T07:39:59Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2011-04 | |
dc.description.abstract | In this study we present measurements of gas and aerosol phase composition for a mixed vehicle fleet in the Gubrist tunnel (Switzerland) in June 2008. PM1 composition measurements were made with a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and a Multi Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP). Gas-phase measurements of CO, CO2, NOx and total hydrocarbons (THC) were performed with standard instrumentation. Weekdays had a characteristic diurnal pattern with 2 peaks in concentrations for all traffic related species corresponding to high vehicle density (∼300 ± 30 vehicles per 5 min) in the morning rush hour between 06:00 and 09:00 and in the afternoon rush hours from approximately 15:30 to 18:30. The emission factors (EF) of OA were heavily influenced by the OA mass loading. To exclude this partitioning effect, only organic aerosol mass concentrations from 60 μg m−3 to 90 μg m−3 were considered and for these conditions the EF(OA) value for HDV was 33.7 ± 2.3 mg km−1 for a temperature inside the tunnel of 20–25 °C. This value is not directly applicable to ambient conditions because it is derived from OA mass concentrations that are roughly a factor of 10 higher than typical ambient concentrations. An even higher EF(OA)HDV value of 47.4 ± 1.6 mg km−1 was obtained when the linear fit was applied to all data points including OA concentrations up to 120 μg m−3. Similar to the increasing EF, the OA/BC ratio in the tunnel was also affected by the organic loading and it increased by a factor of ∼3 over the OA range 10–120 μg m−3. This means that also the OA emission factors at ambient concentrations of around 5–10 μg m−3 would be 2–3 times lower than the emission factor given above. For OA concentrations lower than 40 μg m−3 the OA/BC mass ratio was below 1, while at an OA concentration of 100–120 μg m−3 the OA/BC ratio was ∼1.5. The AMS mass spectra (MS) acquired in the tunnel were highly correlated with the primary organic aerosol (POA) MS from a EURO 3 diesel vehicle with a speed similar to the average tunnel speed. | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.069 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1352-2310 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0004-6981 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/46254 | |
dc.issue | 13 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.publisher | Elsevier | |
dc.relation.ispartof | Atmospheric Environment | |
dc.subject.ddc | 500 - Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik | |
dc.subject.ddc | 530 - Physik | |
dc.title | Aerosol and trace gas vehicle emission factors measured in a tunnel using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and other on-line instrumentation | |
dc.type | 01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift | |
dc.volume | 45 | |
dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
fhnw.InventedHere | No | |
fhnw.ReviewType | Anonymous ex ante peer review of a complete publication | |
fhnw.affiliation.hochschule | Hochschule für Technik | de_CH |
fhnw.affiliation.institut | lnstitut für Sensorik und Elektronik | de_CH |
fhnw.openAccessCategory | Closed | |
fhnw.pagination | 2182-2192 | |
fhnw.publicationState | Published | |
relation.isAuthorOfPublication | 05dd9a19-7a24-4325-805a-2d121483b168 | |
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery | 05dd9a19-7a24-4325-805a-2d121483b168 |
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