Aerosol and trace gas vehicle emission factors measured in a tunnel using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and other on-line instrumentation

dc.contributor.authorChirico, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorPrevot, Andre S.H.
dc.contributor.authorDeCarlo, Peter F.
dc.contributor.authorHeringa, Maarten F.
dc.contributor.authorRichter, Rene
dc.contributor.authorWeingartner, Ernest
dc.contributor.authorBaltensperger, Urs
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-25T07:39:59Z
dc.date.available2024-06-25T07:39:59Z
dc.date.issued2011-04
dc.description.abstractIn this study we present measurements of gas and aerosol phase composition for a mixed vehicle fleet in the Gubrist tunnel (Switzerland) in June 2008. PM1 composition measurements were made with a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and a Multi Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP). Gas-phase measurements of CO, CO2, NOx and total hydrocarbons (THC) were performed with standard instrumentation. Weekdays had a characteristic diurnal pattern with 2 peaks in concentrations for all traffic related species corresponding to high vehicle density (∼300 ± 30 vehicles per 5 min) in the morning rush hour between 06:00 and 09:00 and in the afternoon rush hours from approximately 15:30 to 18:30. The emission factors (EF) of OA were heavily influenced by the OA mass loading. To exclude this partitioning effect, only organic aerosol mass concentrations from 60 μg m−3 to 90 μg m−3 were considered and for these conditions the EF(OA) value for HDV was 33.7 ± 2.3 mg km−1 for a temperature inside the tunnel of 20–25 °C. This value is not directly applicable to ambient conditions because it is derived from OA mass concentrations that are roughly a factor of 10 higher than typical ambient concentrations. An even higher EF(OA)HDV value of 47.4 ± 1.6 mg km−1 was obtained when the linear fit was applied to all data points including OA concentrations up to 120 μg m−3. Similar to the increasing EF, the OA/BC ratio in the tunnel was also affected by the organic loading and it increased by a factor of ∼3 over the OA range 10–120 μg m−3. This means that also the OA emission factors at ambient concentrations of around 5–10 μg m−3 would be 2–3 times lower than the emission factor given above. For OA concentrations lower than 40 μg m−3 the OA/BC mass ratio was below 1, while at an OA concentration of 100–120 μg m−3 the OA/BC ratio was ∼1.5. The AMS mass spectra (MS) acquired in the tunnel were highly correlated with the primary organic aerosol (POA) MS from a EURO 3 diesel vehicle with a speed similar to the average tunnel speed.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.069
dc.identifier.issn1352-2310
dc.identifier.issn0004-6981
dc.identifier.urihttps://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/46254
dc.issue13
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofAtmospheric Environment
dc.subject.ddc500 - Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
dc.subject.ddc530 - Physik
dc.titleAerosol and trace gas vehicle emission factors measured in a tunnel using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and other on-line instrumentation
dc.type01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
dc.volume45
dspace.entity.typePublication
fhnw.InventedHereNo
fhnw.ReviewTypeAnonymous ex ante peer review of a complete publication
fhnw.affiliation.hochschuleHochschule für Technikde_CH
fhnw.affiliation.institutlnstitut für Sensorik und Elektronikde_CH
fhnw.openAccessCategoryClosed
fhnw.pagination2182-2192
fhnw.publicationStatePublished
relation.isAuthorOfPublication05dd9a19-7a24-4325-805a-2d121483b168
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery05dd9a19-7a24-4325-805a-2d121483b168
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