Technology evaluation and impact assessment of innovative wastewater treatment and resource recovery systems in Kanpur, India
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Author (Corporation)
Publication date
20.12.2024
Typ of student thesis
Course of study
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Type
01A - Journal article
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Editor (Corporation)
Supervisor
Parent work
Water Reuse
Special issue
DOI of the original publication
Link
Series
Series number
Volume
15
Issue / Number
1
Pages / Duration
72–89
Patent number
Publisher / Publishing institution
IWA Publishing
Place of publication / Event location
Edition
Version
Programming language
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Abstract
Resource recovery from wastewater treatment plants is crucial for India's circular economy, as emphasized by the national draft water reuse norms 2024. This study evaluated resource recovery technologies using circularity and sustainability assessment methods to inform technology selection. A multiple-criteria decision analysis compared three innovative and two reference treatment trains in Kanpur, India, based on treatment performance, costs, and resource recovery potential. Quantitative microbial risk and life cycle assessments further evaluated health and environmental benefits and burdens. Innovative systems, such as Andicos (ultrafiltration + co-digestion) and SFD-MBR (slow-forming dynamic membrane bioreactor) had slightly lower performance indices (ΔPI: 0.10–0.12) than the reference system MBR due to lower nutrient removal. The innovative systems generated 1.3 to 2 times more revenue from selling water, nutrients, and energy. Further, reusing nutrient-rich treated effluents for irrigation reduced eutrophication potential by 94%. Treatment trains with constructed wetland plus (CW+) achieved the highest faecal coliform (FC) removal, meeting reuse norms of <5 MPN/100 mL, potentially preventing up to 2,600 gastrointestinal infections annually among 4,000 farmers using the water for irrigation. This study highlights the potential environmental, health, and economic benefits of innovative wastewater treatment technologies for advancing resource recovery in India.
Keywords
Circular economy, Multiple-criteria decision analysis, Resource recovery, Sustainability assessment, Wastewater treatment
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ISBN
ISSN
2709-6092
2709-6106
2709-6106
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
Yes
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Gold
License
Citation
Breitenmoser, L., Rohrer, K., Hooijmans, C. M., Campling, P., Kumar, M. D., Kazner, C., & Hugi, C. (2024). Technology evaluation and impact assessment of innovative wastewater treatment and resource recovery systems in Kanpur, India. Water Reuse, 15(1), 72–89. https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2024.092