Urban and rural aerosol characterization of summer smog events during the PIPAPO field campaign in Milan, Italy
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Authors
Baltensperger, Urs
Streit, Niklaus
Nyeki, Stephan
Prévôt, André S.H.
Van Dingenen, Rita
Virkkula, Aki
Putaud, Jean-Philippe
Even, A.
ten Brink, Harry
Author (Corporation)
Publication date
2002
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01A - Journal article
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Parent work
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Special issue
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Series
Series number
Volume
107
Issue / Number
D22
Pages / Duration
LOP 6-1-LOP 6-14
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Publisher / Publishing institution
Wiley
Place of publication / Event location
Hoboken
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Abstract
A comprehensive range of aerosol parameters was measured at an urban and a rural site in the Milan, Italy metropolitan region during summer smog events in summer 1998. Measurements were performed as part of the Pianura Padana Produzione di Ozono (PIPAPO) field campaign to determine the sensitivity of O3 production to NOₓ and volatile organic carbon concentrations at several ground stations. Primary aerosol parameters (i.e., direct emissions) such as aerosol black carbon showed a distinct diurnal variation with maxima at about 0000 and 0800 central European summer time (CEST), in contrast to secondary aerosol parameters such as sulfate and nitrate. Aerosol number size distributions were measured under ambient conditions as well as after conditioning with volatility and hygroscopicity systems. A mode at d = 20–30 nm in the number concentration was found at 0800 CEST and exhibited high volatility at 110°C (∼80% volume lost upon heating) but no hygroscopic behavior. Based on these measurements, small particles (d < 40 nm) are thought to consist mainly of hydrophobic particulate organic matter, rather than soot or H2SO4 aerosols. Two distinct hygroscopic modes with average growth factors d/d0 ∼ 1.02 and 1.21–1.28 were found for particles with dry (relative humidity of <30%) diameters d0 = 50–200 nm. Submicrometer aerosols exhibited lower volatility at the rural than at the urban site, which is attributed to additional particulate mass produced by secondary particle formation.
Keywords
Subject (DDC)
550 - Geowissenschaften
624 - Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik
624 - Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik
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ISSN
2169-897X
2169-8996
2169-8996
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
No
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Publication status
Published
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Peer review of the complete publication
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Closed
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Citation
BALTENSPERGER, Urs, Niklaus STREIT, Ernest WEINGARTNER, Stephan NYEKI, André S.H. PRÉVÔT, Rita VAN DINGENEN, Aki VIRKKULA, Jean-Philippe PUTAUD, A. EVEN, Harry TEN BRINK, Andreas BLATTER, Albrecht NEFTEL und Heinz W. GÄGGELER, 2002. Urban and rural aerosol characterization of summer smog events during the PIPAPO field campaign in Milan, Italy. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2002. Bd. 107, Nr. D22, S. LOP 6–1–LOP 6–14. DOI 10.1029/2001jd001292. Verfügbar unter: https://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/46838