Influence of microarchitecture on osteoconduction and mechanics of porous titanium scaffolds generated by selective laser melting
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Authors
Rüegg, Jasmine
Fleischmann, Thea
Ghayor, Chafik
Weber, Franz E.
Author (Corporation)
Publication date
2016
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Course of study
Type
01A - Journal article
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Parent work
3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
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Volume
3
Issue / Number
3
Pages / Duration
143-151
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Publisher / Publishing institution
Mary Ann Liebert
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Abstract
Bone regeneration is naturally based on bone forming cells, osteoinduction by diverse growth factors, and osteoconduction. The latter one used as term in this study is the ingrowth of bone in 3D structures, which leads to an optimal case in creeping substitution of the scaffold by newly formed bone. Autologous bone is still the gold standard for bone substitutes. In most cases, newly developed bone substitutes consist of calcium phosphate, since hydroxyapatite is the main component of bone and mimics cancellous bone in microstructure. In this study, we wanted to elucidate the optimal microarchitecture for osteoconduction and determine compression strength and Young’s Modulus of the selected architectures. Selective laser melting of titanium was used as tool to generate diverse architectures in a repetitive and precise way. To link 3D scaffold architecture to biological readouts, bone ingrowth, bone to implant contact, and defect bridging of noncritical-sized defects in the calvarial bone of rabbits were determined. In this series, 5 different microarchitectures were tested with pore sizes ranging from 700 to 1300 lm and constrictions between 290 and 700 lm. To our surprise, all microstructures showed the same biological response of excellent osteoconduction. However, the mechanical yield strength of these structures differed by the factor of three and reached up to three times the strength of cancellous bone at a porosity of 72.3–88.4%. These results suggest that the microarchitecture of bone substitutes can be optimized toward mechanical strength in a wide range of constrictions and pore sizes without having a negative influence on osteoconduction.
Keywords
bone substitute, microarchitecture, open-porous, osteoconduction, scaffolds, titanium
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ISBN
ISSN
2329-7670
2329-7662
2329-7662
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
Yes
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Preprint in printing
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
License
Citation
de Wild, M., Zimmermann, S., Rüegg, J., Schumacher, R., Fleischmann, T., Ghayor, C., & Weber, F. E. (2016). Influence of microarchitecture on osteoconduction and mechanics of porous titanium scaffolds generated by selective laser melting. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 3(3), 143–151. https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2016.0004