Lindeque, Johan Paul
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Assessing the quality and impact of eHealth tools: systematic literature review and narrative synthesis
Background: Technological advancements have opened the path for many technology providers to easily develop and introduce eHealth tools to the public. The use of these tools is increasingly recognized as a critical quality driver in health care; however, choosing a quality tool from the myriad of tools available for a specific health need does not come without challenges. Objective: This review aimed to systematically investigate the literature to understand the different approaches and criteria used to assess the quality and impact of eHealth tools by considering sociotechnical factors (from technical, social, and organizational perspectives). Methods: A structured search was completed following the participants, intervention, comparators, and outcomes framework. We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases for studies published between January 2012 and January 2022 in English, which yielded 675 results, of which 40 (5.9%) studies met the inclusion criteria. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were followed to ensure a systematic process. Extracted data were analyzed using NVivo (QSR International), with a thematic analysis and narrative synthesis of emergent themes. Results: Similar measures from the different papers, frameworks, and initiatives were aggregated into 36 unique criteria grouped into 13 clusters. Using the sociotechnical approach, we classified the relevant criteria into technical, social, and organizational assessment criteria. Technical assessment criteria were grouped into 5 clusters: technical aspects, functionality, content, data management, and design. Social assessment criteria were grouped into 4 clusters: human centricity, health outcomes, visible popularity metrics, and social aspects. Organizational assessment criteria were grouped into 4 clusters: sustainability and scalability, health care organization, health care context, and developer. Conclusions: This review builds on the growing body of research that investigates the criteria used to assess the quality and impact of eHealth tools and highlights the complexity and challenges facing these initiatives. It demonstrates that there is no single framework that is used uniformly to assess the quality and impact of eHealth tools. It also highlights the need for a more comprehensive approach that balances the social, organizational, and technical assessment criteria in a way that reflects the complexity and interdependence of the health care ecosystem and is aligned with the factors affecting users’ adoption to ensure uptake and adherence in the long term.
The digital transformation of Swiss small and medium-sized enterprises: insights from digital tool adoption
PurposeThe study explores the alignment of Swiss small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) managers' understanding of digital transformation, with evidence of digital tool adoption in managerial and operative work. This reveals opportunities for more fully realizing the potential of digital transformation for SMEs.Design/methodology/approachThis multiple-case study, with four theoretically sampled cases, analyzes data from the qualitative answers of 1,593 respondents to a survey of Swiss SMEs about digital transformation. The study draws on a convenience sample of Swiss SME managers.FindingsThe analysis shows little understanding of digital transformation as related to managerial work. However, there are two clear digital tool adoption patterns for managerial work: (1) workflow and workforce management and (2) work-flow and team management. Understandings of digital transformation and operative work focus on the (1) organization of operational work or (2) a combination of organization and changing the way people work. The digital tool adoption in operational work additionally focuses on the digital skills of operational employees.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is only able to identify patters of understanding of digital transformation and digital tool adoption in managerial and operative work. More research is needed to understand why these patterns are observed.Practical implicationsSME managers need to think far more carefully about aligning their vision for digital transformation and the digital tools they adopt in both managerial and operational work, but especially in managerial work.Originality/valueThis is the first empirical study of the digital transformation of Swiss SMEs and their digital tool adoption. Significant potential for alignment is revealed, suggesting potential performance gains are possible.
Social media and reputation management: social media monitoring and database approaches
FDI motives and city location preferences in the automotive and commercial banking industries
Cities remain an understudied unit of analysis for understanding the motives of multinational enterprises’ (MNE) foreign direct investment (FDI), with subnational locations in International Business (IB) research to date predominantly captured via the phenomenon of agglomeration. As regional integration projects, such as the European Union and to a lesser degree NAFTA, increasingly reduce the importance of national institutional environments, this paper argues regional and subnational levels become more important for studying MNE location choice. A qualitative deductive bottom-up multiple-case study research design is adopted to study the city location choices and FDI motives of six automotive and six commercial banking companies. These purposefully sampled manufacturing and service MNEs have different home countries and regional orientations. Data on their foreign investments across the ex-tended Triad of Europe, North America and Asia-Pacific were collected for the time period of 2000-2021. Findings suggest that different classes of city tend to attract specific types of FDI and that these patterns might vary across sectors and be influenced by the regional strategic orientations of MNEs. Industry specific findings reveal the importance of related and support industries and partners in a city location for the automotive MNEs, while the commercial banks seek investment opportunities in cities that allow acquisition targets that have an attractive customer based and will improve their local market knowledge. The findings provide evidence in support of MNEs in manufacturing and service industries perceiving the attractiveness of three city types in different ways across the Triad regions.
Small businesses’ social responsibility and political activity survey studies: a review, synthesis, and research agenda
This systematic review assesses the development of survey-based small business social responsibility (SBSR) and political activity (SBPA) research over the last 30 years. Survey research designs are a widely adopted approach to studying SBSR and SBPA, making a significant contribution to the small business nonmarket strategy (SBNS) research agenda. Survey research has been used in a quarter of the 203 SBNS research publications identified, 60% of all quantitative SBSR studies and 100% of all quantitative SBPA publications. This review identified a total of 53 survey-based studies of SBSR and SBPA in a multidisciplinary selection of 40 top journals. The SBSR articles reviewed primarily focused on environmental themes, CSR strategies, and CSR performance at the macro level and micro concerns around entrepreneurial commitment/attitudes to CSR. The SBPA articles had no clear focal phenomena. The theoretical positioning of the articles used primarily organizational and organizational field level theoretical foundations, in SBSR studies the main theory used was stakeholder approaches/theory, resource-based approaches and (meso/micro) institutional theory, while the SBPA research was clearly oriented toward resource-based approaches. The SBSR studies in contrast to the SBPA research had a far clearer set of established predictor, outcome, moderating/mediating, and control variables. In terms of survey research design the results show a consistent and ongoing improvement of the research designs, but many norms of good survey design are not yet consistently adopted in SBSR and SBPA research. Critically the literature lacks replication of results. Future studies should pursue replication studies and adopt methodological best practice.
Social media and reputation management. Accessing social media data and detecting social bots
Social media has emerged as a critical domain with respect to corporate reputation management. Correspondingly a number of task specific offerings are available to support firms to monitor the engagement with their products and brands online (also known as social listening). These offerings are however subject to limitations, not least the ability to achieve long term archiving of social media activity for a given brand and its products/services and the ability to integrate this social media activity with other key business intelligence being gathered by a given firm. Given these needs the FHNW School of Business at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland has developed a research project to scope out the identified research needs in anticipation of a full application for a collaborative research project via application to Innosuisse in 2020. This project seeks to understand current best practice in big data database design for historic and real time data collection and analysis (Module 1), as well as how this can be integrated with social media monitoring. Additionally, it will provide a competitive review of providers in the market for social media reputation management (Module 2), focusing on leading actors and techniques they apply. Identifying the current best practices of the leading social media reputation management providers identified (Module 3). Capturing tools, techniques and approaches that are currently available in the market and which are seen as best in class. Describe the current state of knowledge on accessing social media data and techniques for identifying social bots in support of developing a technological proof of concept for social media chat bot analysis (Module 4). These activities prepare a final project report and the initial draft of the follow-on application to Innosuisse for a larger innovation project.
Segmenting household electricity customers with quantitative and qualitative approaches
Understanding private electric utility customers is essential given their central role in the sustainability transition of the electricity system. Socio-economic attributes, environmental attitude, and electricity consumption are not enough to take the new technological, economic and regulatory bases of the residential electricity markets in many industrialized countries into account. Further attributes can help to obtain a more holistic understanding of the private electricity customer. We conduct three studies and find a good correspondence of the customer segments resulting from a survey of the literature, an expert workshop, and a survey of Swiss electricity customers. Five key customer segments are distinguished: 1) affluent and quality-oriented, 2) ecologically aware, 3) technophile, 4) regionally rooted, and 5) stable and uninterested. Due to their unique energy preferences, these customer segments represent critical boundary conditions for technology adoption driven sustainability transitions. Assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the segmentation methods suggest that with sufficient resources a combination can produce reliable and valid segments.
Social media and reputation management. Social media listening techniques, tools and KPIs
This report will first define the important fields of reputation management, online reputation management (ORM) and social media monitoring. In doing so, social media monitoring will be shown to be a process. This is then followed by a brief explanation of how social media monitoring tools work and a discussion of what should be considered in general when selecting such a tool for monitoring corporate reputation on social media. This is followed by a market analysis of social media monitoring tools, supported by a supplementary Excel overview of these tools. This is followed by a brief explanation of what should be considered in general when implementing such a tool. The report concludes with a presentation of the key performance indicators (KPI) that can be adopted for assessing corporate reputation on social media and online, to support the strategic engagement with reputation management on social media.