Nadai, Eva
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- PublikationIn search of a decent living. Poor households' strategies of welfare production between agency and survival(10.09.2024) Nadai, Eva; Gonon, AnnaMultidimensional poverty concepts combine the lack of material means to meet socially defined minimum needs with the equally important lack of participation and self-determination. Insufficient financial means restrict choices regarding consumer goods and services and limit weighty life choices regarding education, jobs, family. Poverty research therefore tends to describe coping with financial hardship as basically reactive and guided by sheer necessity. In this view, the vulnerability of the poor to external forces is overwhelming. Hence, their choices are inevitably detrimental in that any decision implies negative effects. The question therefore is how we can distinguish genuine agency in non-trivial matters from merely reactive survival. Agency as the freedom of leading a life according to one’s own reflected values is at the heart of the capability approach (CA). The CA foregrounds real opportunities (capabilities) as opposed to achieved states (functionings) while factoring in the preconditions for agency, namely the personal set of conversion factors that are needed to turn resources into actual welfare. However, critics argue that capabilities cannot be distinguished clearly from functionings and that providing “(genuine) opportunities for (secure) functionings” is the appropriate political target of poverty alleviation (Wolff/de-Shalit 2007; 2013). Being able to sustain functioning over time is important because heightened vulnerability to risk is a salient characteristic of being poor. Moreover, Wolff and de-Shalit posit that “being able to take control over the way in which the function is achieved” (2013, 164) is a crucial dimension of choice. To assess genuine agency, we therefore need to analyze secure functionings, personal sets of conversion factors, and the value-based preferences and goals of poor people – not least whether they can achieve things their own way. Based on an ongoing long-term qualitative study of the welfare production strategies of 40 poor households in Switzerland, we discuss degrees of agency over time from a capabilities perspective. By definition, these households are deprived of some basic capabilities in that they live below the poverty line. In this study we use the strict poverty line of eligibility for social assistance or supplemental benefits. In addition, indicators of material deprivation serve as thresholds to assess secure functionings. To what extent are the study participants still able to partially realize a life according to their own values? Preliminary results reveal a range of agency from mere adaption through cutting consumption to partial realization of personal life goals or overcoming poverty through one’s own efforts.06 - Präsentation
- PublikationDie Beschäftigung von gesundheitlich beeinträchtigten Arbeitskräften als betriebliche Kompromissbildung(Duncker & Humblot, 2024) Nadai, Eva; Gonon, Anna [in: Sozialer Fortschritt]Auf der Basis zweier qualitativer Studien in der Schweiz untersucht der Beitrag die Weiterbeschäftigung von Arbeitskräften mit gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen aus konventionentheoretischer Perspektive. Beschäftigungsentscheide werden als fragile Kompromisse zwischen unterschiedlichen Bewertungs- und Koordinationslogiken verstanden, die sich auf inner- und außerbetriebliche Formate stützen. Alltagsweltlich sprechen die befragten Akteur:innen von der sozialen Verantwortung, die sich an den Grenzen ökonomischer Realität ausrichten müsse. Diese „ökonomische Realität“ wird durch Managementsysteme zur Leistungssteuerung und die Arbeitsorganisation bestimmt, während „soziale Verantwortung“ durch Formate wie Sozialversicherungen und rechtliche Regulierungen ermöglicht und begrenzt wird. Betriebe sind eher zur temporären Duldung von behinderten Mitarbeitenden bereit als zu dauerhaften Anpassungen der Arbeitsorganisation oder der Leistungsnormen.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
- Publikation06 - Präsentation
- PublikationHealth and employment: Convention theory’s perspective on work incapacity(Springer, 12/2022) Nadai, Eva; Gonon, Anna; Diaz-Bone, Rainer; Larquier de, Guillemette [in: Handbook of Economics and Sociology of Conventions]Health is an important research field for the Economics and Sociology of Conventions (EC/SC), but the implications of health in the domain of work and employment are notably absent in the debate. Yet, health in terms of a well-functioning body and mind is a crucial precondition for employment. In the workplace, health is inextricably tied to work capacity: What matters is the degree to which health enables or hampers a person to meet given productivity standards. Work incapacity due to health impairments therefore raises deeply normative questions not only for the economy but also for the welfare state. To what extent is incapacity to be tolerated in the productivity-driven world of work, and what is the just and adequate support for people with disabilities who cannot make a living through gainful work? Convention theory offers a number of useful theoretical concepts to analyze these questions, which organize the presentation of EC/SC research on health and employment in this chapter. Handling work incapacity depends on classification: What counts as standard work capacity, or, conversely, as incapacity which legitimizes special treatment? Managing health troubles triggers disputes and requires justifications in the economy and in the welfare system. The (non-)employment of people with health impairments depends on the valorization of labor, which in turn relates to a plurality of quality conventions and respective tests. Finally, dealing with work incapacity is structured by investments in forms that allow classification, valorization, and the coordination of labor market inclusion and support.04A - Beitrag Sammelband
- PublikationExistenzsichernde Arbeit dank Bildung?(Schweizerische Konferenz für Sozialhilfe, 2021) Hübscher, Robin; Gonon, Anna; John, Anna; Nadai, Eva [in: Zeitschrift für Sozialhilfe ZESO]01B - Beitrag in Magazin oder Zeitung
- PublikationWerten und Verwerten. Konventionen der Beschäftigung von Menschen mit Behinderungen in Wirtschaft und Wohlfahrtstaat(Springer VS, 2019) Nadai, Eva; Canonica, Alan; Gonon, Anna; Rotzetter, Fabienne; Lengwiler, MartinDer Wohlfahrtstaat kann die Arbeitsmarktinklusion von Menschen mit Behinderungen fördern, aber die Entscheidung über die Beschäftigung liegt bei der Wirtschaft. Diese Studie untersucht die Koordination von Arbeitgebern und Invalidenversicherung in der Schweiz und fragt, wie die Wertbestimmung von Arbeitskraft in politischen und betrieblichen Arenen verhandelt wird. Sie rekonstruiert historisch und ethnografisch die Strukturen und widersprüchlichen Rechtfertigungen der beruflichen Eingliederung, die im Konzept der begrenzten freiwilligen sozialen Verantwortung von Arbeitgebern zum Ausdruck kommen.02 - Monographie
- PublikationValuation of disabled labour. Formats and the employment of 'on-standard' workers(15.09.2017) Nadai, Eva; Gonon, Anna06 - Präsentation
- PublikationHow to sell and how to use workers with “limited productivity”. The employment of people with disabilities between welfare and economy(04.02.2016) Nadai, Eva; Rotzetter, Fabienne; Gonon, Anna06 - Präsentation
