Segmentation influences learning: a study of knowledge acquisition through virtual reality and 2D video with airport security screeners
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Author (Corporation)
Publication date
11.07.2025
Type of student thesis
Course of study
Collections
Type
01A - Journal article
Editors
Editor (Corporation)
Supervisor
Parent work
Virtual Reality
Special issue
DOI of the original publication
Link
Series
Series number
Volume
29
Issue / Number
107
Pages / Duration
1-24
Patent number
Publisher / Publishing institution
Springer
Place of publication / Event location
Edition
Version
Programming language
Assignee
Practice partner / Client
Abstract
Immersive virtual reality (VR) learning bears the potential to enhance outcomes by allowing users to experience virtual scenarios as if they were there. At the same time, multimedia learning literature recommends breaking information into meaningful, learner-paced segments rather than presenting learning content continuously. Despite numerous recent studies evaluating VR, essential questions about VR applications in organizational training contexts remain unanswered for practitioners and researchers. This study evaluates critical aspects of learning outcomes, cognitive load, Interest/Enjoyment, and technology acceptance using a 2 × 2 design with media type (2D video vs. head-mounted display VR) and segmentation (continuous vs. segmented) as between-subjects factors, alongside a control group (without training; to evaluate the meffectiveness of the training). The study includes data from 162 airport security screeners. Each experimental condition experienced a multimedia lesson with high contextual relevance and adherence to current instructional design and multimedia theories. Data on post-training Objective Knowledge indicate a significant main effect of segmentation, favoring continuous presentation. Germane Cognitive Load was rated higher in the 2D video than in the VR conditions. We did not observe significant effects on Interest/Enjoyment or aspects of technology acceptance. The Interest/Enjoyment ratings were high across all experimental conditions and strongly correlated with Perceived Usefulness and Behavioral Intention, consistent with recent findings on technology acceptance for immersive technologies. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the practical implementation of instructional VR applications and encourages further evaluation of learning applications using current VR technology.
Keywords
Virtual reality, 2D video, Multimedia learning, Segmentation, Airport security
Subject (DDC)
Event
Exhibition start date
Exhibition end date
Conference start date
Conference end date
Date of the last check
ISBN
ISSN
1434-9957
1359-4338
1359-4338
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
Yes
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Gold
License
Citation
Wyssenbach, T., Kaufmann, K., & Schwaninger, A. (2025). Segmentation influences learning: a study of knowledge acquisition through virtual reality and 2D video with airport security screeners. Virtual Reality, 29(107), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01186-1