Socio-emotional development in challenging environments. The impact of peer rejection on adolescent's socio-emotional development in school context

Abstract

Current research on adolescent peer networks has predominantly focused on friendship networks and their association with violent behavior. However, there is a clear gap in research on negative networks and their influence on adolescents' socio-emotional development. Building on the cycle of violence framework proposed by Widom, this study examines how experiences of physical abuse, peer aggression, and acceptance of violence are related to peer rejection networks in the school environment. Using social network analysis, longitudinal data from high school students were examined (wave 1, n = 620; wave 2, n = 590). The results show that adolescents who frequently show aggression towards their peers are more susceptible to rejection by their peers, especially in connection with a history of abuse. In addition, an increased likelihood of rejection is observed in adolescents who accept violence. From the perspective of resilience theory, the co-occurrence of peer rejection, peer aggression and acceptance of violence, particularly among female adolescents, emerges as a significant risk factor for socio-emotional development. The findings of this study highlight both the complex dynamics of adolescent peer rejection networks and their profound impact on socioemotional development, as well as the urgency of interventions targeting violent attitudes and behaviors to promote healthier and safe school environments. The results of the study are important both nationally and internationally in addressing the causes of peer rejection and violence and in contributing to a broader discourse on promoting positive social interactions among adolescents.