3D object training beyond the 2D screen: effectiveness and experience of virtual reality training for 3D CT baggage screening
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Author (Corporation)
Publication date
17.09.2025
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Collections
Type
01A - Journal article
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Parent work
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
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DOI of the original publication
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Taylor & Francis
Place of publication / Event location
London
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Abstract
Airports are adopting 3D computed tomography (CT)-based technologies for cabin baggage screening to replace traditional 2D X-ray systems. We evaluated a novel virtual reality (VR) 3D object training application using photorealistic 3D models and 3D CT images of prohibited items. Psychology students with no 3D CT screening experience were randomly assigned to the desktop VR (n¼16), head-mounted display (HMD) VR (n¼17), or no training (control group; n¼17) groups. Both training groups underwent six 20-minute training sessions over two weeks. Performance was assessed pre- and post-training using X-ray image interpretation tests. Training experience ratings were collected at every other training session. Both desktop VR and HMD VR training improved performance; HMD VR training also fostered more Presence, Interest/Enjoyment, Perceived Competence, Effort/Importance, and Behavioral Intention; however, Interest/Enjoyment decreased after the initial VR training with both training media. This study demonstrates that VR-based 3D object training can significantly enhance performance and user experience, making it a promising tool for airport security screener training.
Keywords
Virtual reality, desktop VR, HMD VR, airport security, computer-based training
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ISBN
ISSN
1044-7318
1532-7590
0737-0024
1532-7590
0737-0024
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
Yes
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
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Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Hybrid
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Citation
Wyssenbach, T., Kaufmann, K., & Schwaninger, A. (2025). 3D object training beyond the 2D screen: effectiveness and experience of virtual reality training for 3D CT baggage screening. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2025.2546054