COVID-19 outbreak during inpatient rehabilitation
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Author (Corporation)
Publication date
2021
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Type
01A - Journal article
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Parent work
American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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DOI of the original publication
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Series
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Volume
100
Issue / Number
3
Pages / Duration
203-208
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Publisher / Publishing institution
Wolters & Kluwer
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Abstract
Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic affects a large number of patients. The impact on feasibility and outcome of rehabilitation during COVID-19 actually remains unclear. Nosocomial infection of healthcare workers or hospitalized patients is common, and prevention of nosocomial infections during rehabilitation is challenging. Therefore, we analyzed a cohort of nosocomial infected COVID-19 patients in a single-center inpatient rehabilitation clinic and described performance and outcome.
Design
The cohort describes patients with nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection while participating in neuromusculoskeletal rehabilitation. Infection was caused by an initially unidentified so-called superspreader. We compared this cohort with all neuromusculoskeletal rehabilitation inpatients of 2019 (comparison group). Normally distributed continuous variables were presented as mean with standard deviation and the test was used for comparison between groups. Linear regression was used to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Functional Independence Measure at discharge.
Results
COVID-19 patients were mostly male (66.7%) with an age of 71.5 ± 12.3 yrs. Age, sex, and cumulated comorbidities of the comparison group were not different from the COVID-19 group. A total of 92.6% of COVID-19 patients had a mild or moderate course, two patients had to be referred to acute hospital because of respiratory failure, and one of these patients died in the acute hospital. After implementation of a strict hygiene concept, no further nosocomial COVID-19 infections were detected. The rehabilitation duration was significantly longer in the COVID-19 group (54.2 ± 23.6 days vs. 32.1 ± 17.7 days. Daily therapy duration was 132.3 ± 44 mins before SARS-CoV-2 infection and reduced to 81.9 ± 27.3 mins during COVID-19. After discontinuation of isolation measures, therapy duration increased significantly (99.3 ± 70.2 mins). The baseline Functional Independence Measure score was higher in the COVID-19 group (91.93 ± 25.64 points vs. 82.98 ± 22.73 points) and Functional Independence Measure improvements were lower in COVID-19 patients than in the 2019 comparison group (6.96 ± 8.96 points vs. 20.3 ± 15.98 pointslt; 0.001). COVID-19 infection itself had a strong negative impact on Functional Independence Measure change as identified by regression analysis. Linear regression analysis showed that COVID-19 reduced the Functional Independence Measure at discharge by 8.9 points (95% CI = −14.725 to −3.097, P = 0.003) after correction for Functional Independence Measure at admission, age, sex, and morbidity index at admission.
Conclusions
COVID-19 had a strong negative impact on rehabilitation benefits as assessed by Functional Independence Measure. Neuromusculoskeletal rehabilitation could be continued, but all patients received less therapy minutes during isolation. After implementation of a strict COVID-19–specific hygiene concept, no further infections were detected.
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ISBN
ISSN
1537-7385
0894-9115
0894-9115
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
No
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Closed
License
Citation
Spielmanns, M., Pekacka-Egli, A. M., Cecon, M., Witassek, F., Schoendorf, S., Lutz, D., & Hermann, M. (2021). COVID-19 outbreak during inpatient rehabilitation. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(3), 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0000000000001686