On the relation between mental ability and speed of information processing in the Hick task: An analysis of behavioral and electrophysiological speed measures
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2017
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01A - Journal article
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Personality and Individual Differences
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118
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11-16
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Elsevier
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Abstract
Inspired by Robert Stelmack's research on the electrophysiological foundation of mental ability (MA), the present
study investigated whether the well-established negative relation between reaction times (RTs) and MA in four
conditions of the Hick task can be explained by faster stimulus classification and consolidation in working memory
as measured by the P300 latency in the event-related potential. RTs of 113 female participants aged from 17
to 38 years increased with increasing number of response alternatives in the Hick task. Except for one condition,
RTs were negatively and significantly related to MA but this relationship did not increase with task complexity.
This pattern of results suggests that speed of response selection does not account for shorter RTs in individuals
with higher than lower MA. Against our expectations, however, in none of the four conditions, P300 latency
was related to MA. Thus, the negative association between RTs and MA cannot be explained in terms of faster
stimulus evaluation and consolidation in working memory. As a tentative explanation of this lack of association,
even the most complex condition was not demanding enough to require the inhibitory processes underlying the
P300 component in a sufficient extent to reveal MA-related individual differences in P300 latency.
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0191-8869
1873-3549
1873-3549
Language
English
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Yes
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Published
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Citation
Troche, S. J., Merks, S., Houlihan, M. E., & Rammsayer, T. H. (2017). On the relation between mental ability and speed of information processing in the Hick task: An analysis of behavioral and electrophysiological speed measures. Personality and Individual Differences, 118, 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.02.027