Organic solvent free PbI2 recycling from perovskite solar cells using hot water
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Authors
Kober-Czerny, Manuel
Paracchino, Adriana
Holappa, Ville
Suhonen, Riikka
Schäffer, Andreas
Constable, Edwin C.
Snaith, Henry J.
Author (Corporation)
Publication date
05.04.2023
Typ of student thesis
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Type
01A - Journal article
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Editor (Corporation)
Supervisor
Parent work
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Special issue
DOI of the original publication
Link
Series
Series number
Volume
447
Issue / Number
Pages / Duration
Patent number
Publisher / Publishing institution
Elsevier
Place of publication / Event location
Edition
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Abstract
Perovskite solar cells represent an emerging and highly promising renewable energy technology. However, the most efficient perovskite solar cells critically depend on the use of lead. This represents a possible environmental concern potentially limiting the technologies’ commercialization. Here, we demonstrate a facile recycling process for PbI2, the most common lead-based precursor in perovskite absorber material. The process uses only hot water to effectively extract lead from synthetic precursor mixes, plastic- and glass-based perovskites (92.6 – 100% efficiency after two extractions). When the hot extractant is cooled, crystalline PbI2 in high purity (> 95.9%) precipitated with a high yield: from glass-based perovskites, the first cycle of extraction / precipitation was sufficient to recover 94.4 ± 5.6% of Pb, whereas a second cycle yielded another 10.0 ± 5.2% Pb, making the recovery quantitative. The solid extraction residue remaining is consequently deprived of metals and may thus be disposed as non-hazardous waste. Therefore, exploiting the highly temperature-dependent solubility of PbI2 in water provides a straightforward, easy to implement way to efficiently extract lead from PSC at the end-of-life and deposit the extraction residues in a cost-effective manner, mitigating the potential risk of lead leaching at the perovskites’ end-of-life.
Keywords
Perovskite solar cells, Recycling, Environment, Recovery, Lead pollution
Subject (DDC)
600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften
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ISBN
ISSN
0304-3894
1873-3336
1873-3336
Language
English
Created during FHNW affiliation
Yes
Strategic action fields FHNW
Publication status
Published
Review
Peer review of the complete publication
Open access category
Hybrid
License
Citation
SCHMIDT, Felix, Meret AMREIN, Sebastian HEDWIG, Manuel KOBER-CZERNY, Adriana PARACCHINO, Ville HOLAPPA, Riikka SUHONEN, Andreas SCHÄFFER, Edwin C. CONSTABLE, Henry J. SNAITH und Markus LENZ, 2023. Organic solvent free PbI2 recycling from perovskite solar cells using hot water. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 5 April 2023. Bd. 447. DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130829. Verfügbar unter: https://doi.org/10.26041/fhnw-8930