Non-task expert physicians benefit from correct explainable AI advice when reviewing X-rays

Typ
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Herausgeber:innen
Herausgeber:in (Körperschaft)
Betreuer:in
Übergeordnetes Werk
Scientific Reports
Themenheft
Link
Reihe / Serie
Reihennummer
Jahrgang / Band
13
Ausgabe / Nummer
Seiten / Dauer
1383
Patentnummer
Verlag / Herausgebende Institution
Nature
Verlagsort / Veranstaltungsort
London
Auflage
Version
Programmiersprache
Abtretungsempfänger:in
Praxispartner:in/Auftraggeber:in
Zusammenfassung
Artificial intelligence (AI)-generated clinical advice is becoming more prevalent in healthcare. However, the impact of AI-generated advice on physicians’ decision-making is underexplored. In this study, physicians received X-rays with correct diagnostic advice and were asked to make a diagnosis, rate the advice’s quality, and judge their own confidence. We manipulated whether the advice came with or without a visual annotation on the X-rays, and whether it was labeled as coming from an AI or a human radiologist. Overall, receiving annotated advice from an AI resulted in the highest diagnostic accuracy. Physicians rated the quality of AI advice higher than human advice. We did not find a strong effect of either manipulation on participants’ confidence. The magnitude of the effects varied between task experts and non-task experts, with the latter benefiting considerably from correct explainable AI advice. These findings raise important considerations for the deployment of diagnostic advice in healthcare.
Schlagwörter
Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 - Psychologie
610 - Medizin und Gesundheit
004 - Computer Wissenschaften, Internet
Projekt
Veranstaltung
Startdatum der Ausstellung
Enddatum der Ausstellung
Startdatum der Konferenz
Enddatum der Konferenz
Datum der letzten Prüfung
ISBN
ISSN
2045-2322
Sprache
Englisch
Während FHNW Zugehörigkeit erstellt
Nein
Zukunftsfelder FHNW
Publikationsstatus
Veröffentlicht
Begutachtung
Peer-Review der ganzen Publikation
Open Access-Status
Closed
Lizenz
Zitation
GAUBE, Susanne, Harini SURESH, Martina RAUE, Eva LERMER, Timo K. KOCH, Matthias HUDECEK, Alun D. ACKERY, Samir C. GROVER, Joseph F. COUGHLIN, Dieter FREY, Felipe C. KITAMURA, Marzyeh GHASSEMI und Errol COLAK, 2023. Non-task expert physicians benefit from correct explainable AI advice when reviewing X-rays. Scientific Reports. 2023. Bd. 13, S. 1383. DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-28633-w. Verfügbar unter: https://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/47602