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The effect of pursuing a gender-nontraditional profession on young newcomers' occupational self-efficacy via frequency of evaluative feedback
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Hofmann, Jan
Ramseier, Lukas
Neuenschwander, Markus
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Abstract
We investigated the effect of young newcomers' pursuit of gender-nontraditional professions on
their occupational self-efficacy after starting work via the perceived frequency of evaluative
feedback from others in their companies. Our research model was based on social–cognitive
career theory and tokenism theory. We surveyed a longitudinal sample of 1269 adolescents (female:
44 %) at the end of compulsory school (ninth grade in Switzerland) and at the end of their
first year of work experience as young newcomers. A structural equation model with multigroup
comparison by gender showed no gender differences. Young female and male newcomers' pursuit
of gender-nontraditional apprenticeship professions significantly affected their occupational selfefficacy
after 1 year of work experience, mediated by the perceived frequency of evaluative
feedback they received from coworkers. We controlled for the effects of newcomers' preentry
occupational self-efficacy and preentry expectations about work conditions, as well as the effect
of conscientiousness on occupational self-efficacy after 1 year of work experience. We further
controlled for the effect of young newcomers' conscientiousness on perceived frequency of
evaluative feedback from others in their companies. Our findings clarify the crucial role of
frequent evaluative feedback from coworkers for occupational self-efficacy among young newcomers
in gender-nontraditional professions. The longitudinal effect of preentry occupational selfefficacy
on occupational self-efficacy after starting work underlines the importance of young
newcomers' job preparation.
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Keywords
Gender-nontraditional profession, Occupational self-efficacy, Evaluative feedback, School-to-work transition
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Citation
Hofmann, J., Ramseier, L., & Neuenschwander, M. (2022). The effect of pursuing a gender-nontraditional profession on young newcomers’ occupational self-efficacy via frequency of evaluative feedback. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103766