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Publikation Prozessoptimierung von 4 Stufen zur Herstellung eines Pharma-Zwischenprodukts(Hochschule für Life Sciences FHNW, 2024) Güner, Merve; Zogg, Andreas11 - Studentische ArbeitPublikation Development of a tool for the automated visualization of batch recipes(Hochschule für Life Sciences FHNW, 2024) Gentner, Jannick; Zogg, Andreas; Bachem AG11 - Studentische ArbeitPublikation Kontinuierliche Ethoxylierung(25.04.2024) Zogg, Andreas; Zahnd, This; Brönnimann, BenediktModellbasiertes Sicherheitskonzept für die Entwicklung einer kontinuierlichen Ethoxylierung. Modellvalidierung mittels kontinuierlichem Kalorimeter innerhalb einer Glove-Box.06 - PräsentationPublikation Enzymes for consumer products to achieve climate neutrality(Oxford University Press, 2023) Molina-Espeja, Patricia; Sanz-Aparicio, Julia; Golyshin, Peter N.; Robles-Martín, Ana; Guallar, Víctor; Beltrametti, Fabrizio; Müller, Markus; Yakimov, Michail M.; Modregger, Jan; van Logchem, Moniec; Corvini, Philippe; Shahgaldian, Patrick; Degering, Christian; Wieland, Susanne; Timm, Anne; de Carvalho, Carla C. C. R.; Re, Ilaria; Daniotti, Sara; Thies, Stephan; Jaeger, Karl-Erich; Chow, Jennifer; Streit, Wolfgang R.; Lottenbach, Roland; Rösch, Rainer; Ansari, Nazanin; Ferrer, ManuelToday, the chemosphere’s and biosphere’s compositions of the planet are changing faster than experienced during the past thousand years. CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion are rising dramatically, including those from processing, manufacturing and consuming everyday products; this rate of greenhouse gas emission (36.2 gigatons accumulated in 2022) is raising global temperatures and destabilizing the climate, which is one of the most influential forces on our planet. As our world warms up, our climate will enter a period of constant turbulence, affecting more than 85% of our ecosystems, including the delicate web of life on these systems, and impacting socioeconomic networks. How do we deal with the green transition to minimize climate change and its impacts while we are facing these new realities? One of the solutions is to use renewable natural resources. Indeed, nature itself, through the working parts of its living systems, the enzymes, can significantly contribute to achieve climate neutrality and good ecological/biodiversity status. Annually they can help decreasing CO2 emissions by 1–2.5 billion-tons, carbon demand by about 200 million-tons, and chemical demand by about 90 million-tons. With current climate change goals, we review the consequences of climate change at multiple scales and how enzymes can counteract or mitigate them. We then focus on how they mobilize sustainable and greener innovations in consumer products that have a high contribution to global carbon emissions. Finally, key innovations and challenges to be solved at the enzyme and product levels are discussed.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Modeling-based approach towards quality by design for a telescoped process(Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft, 2024) Zahnd, This; Kandziora, Maja; Levis, Michael K.; Zogg, AndreasA telescoped, two-step synthesis was investigated by applying Quality by Design principles. A kinetic model consisting of 12 individual reactions was successfully established to describe the synthesis and side reactions. The resulting model predicts the effects of changes in process parameters on total yield and quality. Contour plots were created by varying process parameters and displaying the model predicted process response. The areas in which the process response fulfils predetermined quality requirements are called design spaces. New ranges for process parameters were explored within these design spaces. New conditions were found that increased the robustness of the process and allowed for a considerable reduction of the used amounts of a reagent. Further optimizations, based on the newly generated knowledge, are expected. Improvements can either be direct process improvements or enhancements to control strategies. The developed strategies can also be applied to other processes, enhancing upcoming and preexisting research and development efforts.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Development of a novel measurement setup to study and predict electrostatic discharges in agitated glass‐lined vessels(Wiley, 12.02.2024) Brönnimann, Benedikt; Egli‐Tedesco, Daniel; Schwenzfeuer, Klaus; Zogg, AndreasTwo glass lined reactors in a launch platform facility operated by Syngenta have been damaged during the crystallization of an organic compound due to electrostatic discharges. The goal of this work was to design and commission a novel setup to measure charges and currents generated by this slurry in a laboratory‐scale reactor. An improved and more sophisticated setup was then proposed for possible implementation in Syngenta's own laboratories. With this novel setup, the electrostatic charging of stirred suspensions involving nonconductive solvents could be accurately measured in the context of a case study that involved the suspension that led to liner damages in the production facilities of Syngenta.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Transforming an esterase into an enantioselective catecholase through bioconjugation of a versatile metal-chelating inhibitor(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023) Fernandez-Lopez, Laura; Cea-Rama, Isabel; Alvarez-Malmagro, Julia; Ressmann, Anna K.; Gonzalez-Alfonso, Jose L.; Coscolín, Cristina; Shahgaldian, Patrick; Plou, Francisco J.; Modregger, Jan; Pita, Marcos; Sanz-Aparicio, Julia; Ferrer, ManuelMetal complexes introduced into esterase enzyme scaffolds can generate versatile biomimetic catalysts endowed with oxidoreductase activity.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation High-throughput silica nanoparticle detection for quality control of complex early life nutrition food matrices(American Chemical Society, 2024) Maffeis, Viviana; Otter, Andrea; Düsterloh, André; Kind, Lucy; Palivan, Cornelia; Saxer, SinaThe addition of nanomaterials to improve product properties has become a matter of course for many commodities: e.g., detergents, cosmetics, and food products. While this practice improves product characteristics, the increasing exposure and potential impact of nanomaterials (<100 nm) raise concerns regarding both the human body and the environment. Special attention should be taken for vulnerable individuals such as those who are ill, elder, or newborns. But detecting and quantifying nanoparticles in complex food matrices like early life nutrition (ELN) poses a significant challenge due to the presence of additional particles, emulsion-droplets, or micelles. There is a pressing demand for standardized protocols for nanoparticle quantification and the specification of “nanoparticle-free” formulations. To address this, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), commonly used as anticaking agents (AA) in processed food, were employed as a model system to establish characterization methods with different levels of accuracy and sensitivity versus speed, sample handling, and automatization. Different acid treatments were applied for sample digestion, followed by size exclusion chromatography. Morphology, size, and number of NPs were measured by transmission electron microscopy, and the amount of Si was determined by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry. This successfully enabled distinguishing SiNP content in ELN food formulations with 2–4% AA from AA-free formulations and sorting SiNPs with diameters of 20, 50, and 80 nm. Moreover, the study revealed the significant influence of the ELN matrix on sample preparation, separation, and characterization steps, necessitating method adaptations compared to the reference (SiNP in water). In the future, we expect these methods to be implemented in standard quality control of formulation processes, which demand high-throughput analysis and automated evaluation.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Nanobiocatalysts with inbuilt cofactor recycling for oxidoreductase catalysis in organic solvents(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023) Sahlin, Jenny; Wu, Congyu; Buscemi, Andrea; Schärer, Claude; Nazemi, Seyed Amirabbas; S. K., Rejaul; Herrera-Reinoza, Nataly; Jung, Thomas A.; Shahgaldian, PatrickThe major stumbling block in the implementation of oxidoreductase enzymes in continuous processes is their stark dependence on costly cofactors that are insoluble in organic solvents. We describe a chemical strategy that allows producing nanobiocatalysts, based on an oxidoreductase enzyme, that performs biocatalytic reactions in hydrophobic organic solvents without external cofactors. The chemical design relies on the use of a silica-based carrier nanoparticle, of which the porosity can be exploited to create an aqueous reservoir containing the cofactor. The nanoparticle core, possessing radial-centred pore channels, serves as a cofactor reservoir. It is further covered with a layer of reduced porosity. This layer serves as a support for the immobilisation of the selected enzyme yet allowing the diffusion of the cofactor from the nanoparticle core. The immobilised enzyme is, in turn, shielded by an organosilica layer of controlled thickness fully covering the enzyme. Such produced nanobiocatalysts are shown to catalyse the reduction of a series of relevant ketones into the corresponding secondary alcohols, also in a continuous flow fashion. © 2023 RSC.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Stochastic chain termination in bacterial pilus assembly(Nature, 2023) Giese, Christoph; Puorger, Chasper; Ignatov, Oleksandr; Bečárová, Zuzana; Weber, Marco E.; Schärer, Martin A.; Capitani, Guido; Glockshuber, RudiAdhesive type 1 pili from uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains are filamentous, supramolecular protein complexes consisting of a short tip fibrillum and a long, helical rod formed by up to several thousand copies of the major pilus subunit FimA. Here, we reconstituted the entire type 1 pilus rod assembly reaction in vitro, using all constituent protein subunits in the presence of the assembly platform FimD, and identified the so-far uncharacterized subunit FimI as an irreversible assembly terminator. We provide a complete, quantitative model of pilus rod assembly kinetics based on the measured rate constants of FimD-catalyzed subunit incorporation. The model reliably predicts the length distribution of assembled pilus rods as a function of the ratio between FimI and the main pilus subunit FimA and is fully consistent with the length distribution of membrane-anchored pili assembled in vivo. The results show that the natural length distribution of adhesive pili formed via the chaperone-usher pathway results from a stochastic chain termination reaction. In addition, we demonstrate that FimI contributes to anchoring the pilus to the outer membrane and report the crystal structures of (i) FimI in complex with the assembly chaperone FimC, (ii) the FimI-FimC complex bound to the N-terminal domain of FimD, and (iii) a ternary complex between FimI, FimA and FimC that provides structural insights on pilus assembly termination and pilus anchoring by FimI.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift