Visschers, Vivianne

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Vivianne
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Visschers, Vivianne

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2009 - 200912010 - 201915
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Enddatum: 2019 × Thema: 150 - Psychologie ×

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Gerade angezeigt 1 - 10 von 16
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Newsletter Jahr 2: Forschungsprojekt «Intervention zur Risikoreduktion der multiplen antimikrobiell resistenten Übertragungswege»
    (05/2019) Visschers, Vivianne; Freivogel, Claudia; Lechner, Isabel
    Jahresübersicht des zweiten Projektjahres.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Affect or information? Examining drivers of public preferences of future energy portfolios in Switzerland
    (Elsevier, 2019) Jobin, Marilou; Visschers, Vivianne; Arvai, Joseph; Siegrist, Michael [in: Energy Research & Social Science]
    The energy transition in Switzerland, as in many other countries, aims to increase the proportion of electricity produced using renewable energy technologies. In this context, governmental agencies and other institutions have attempted to communicate the implications of (domestic) electricity systems through the use of web-based and interactive decision support systems (DSSs). Studies show that, when no additional information is provided, preferences concerning the future electricity mix are mainly driven by the affective reactions that energy technologies evoke. A question remains, however, regarding how people engage with the information provided in a DSS, as well as whether such information is influential in terms of shaping people’s choices. We asked our participants to build an electricity portfolio using a DSS, which modeled the Swiss electricity system. The participants’ political orientation and their affective reactions to different energy technologies guided their information search, as well as the choice of energy technologies within their portfolio. The attention paid to the information provided was not directly related to the participants’ portfolio choices. The selective processing of information, which was based on the participants’ prior attitudes, suggests that they target information they are already familiar with in the DSS. However, this also illustrates a caveat previously identified in motivated political reasoning, since selective information processing, together with the tendency to disconfirm information that is incongruent with prior beliefs, can lead to the polarization of previously held views. As the information provided through the DSS we tested was unable to change the participants’ affective-cognitive evaluation of energy technologies, its use should be carefully considered in light of the possible effects of consolidating existing beliefs.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Schlussbericht des Projektes “My Food Skills”: Entwicklung einer evidenzbasierten Intervention zur Förderung gesunder und nachhaltiger Ernährung
    (12/2018) Visschers, Vivianne; Feck, Vanessa
    In diesem Schlussbericht des Forschungsprojektes «My Food Skills»: Entwicklung einer evidenzbasierten Intervention zur Förderung gesunder und nachhaltiger Ernährung werden der Hintergrund und die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des Projektes vorgestellt. Zudem diskutieren wir die Erreichung der von uns gesetzten Meilensteine, die Verwertung und den Impact des Forschungsprojektes, sowie unsere Erfahrungen bezüglich der Zusammenarbeit mit unseren Partnern. Schliesslich wird Rechenschaft über die finanziellen Mittel abgelegt. Insgesamt zeigte das Forschungsprojekt, dass eine massgeschneiderte Interventionsweise einerseits von den Nutzenden sehr geschätzt wurde und sich andererseits als wirksam bewies. In der MyFoodways-App erhalten Nutzende Rezeptvorschläge, welche den persönlichen Bedürfnissen entsprechen. Die persönlichen Angebote wurden als sehr attraktiv wahrgenommen und bewirkten, dass die Nutzenden die App längerfristig aktiv verwenden. Zudem erwies sich, dass je länger die Nutzenden die App verwendeten, umso mehr gesunde und nachhaltige Ernährungsweisen setzten sie um. Eine längerfristige App-Nutzung sorgte auch dafür, dass den Nutzenden bestimmte nachhaltige und gesunde Ernährungsweisen wichtiger wurden. Das App-Entwicklungsteam steht jetzt vor der Herausforderung, die Nutzenden der MyFoodways-App zu halten. Es können Funktionen zugefügt werden, z.B. soziale Funktionen wie Bewertungen der Rezepte durch und für die Nutzenden. Die qualitativen Studien zeigten, dass Nutzende das Bedürfnis nach einer solchen sozialen Funktion haben. Zudem bewiesen die Online-Experimente, dass Bewertungen von anderen Nutzenden die Rezeptauswahl beeinflussen. Um eine langfristige App-Nutzung zu fördern und somit Verhaltensänderungen zu bewirken und zu verfestigen sollte die MyFoodways-App weiterentwickelt werden. Auch während dieser Phase ist es wichtig, dass die Verwendung und Wirkung der App evaluiert wird. Ein Antrag wurde bereits eingereicht, um eine weitere Zusammenarbeit zu ermöglichen.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Development of targeted communication strategies to promote prudent antibiotic usage: needs assessment among the public
    (23.08.2018) Feck, Vanessa; Visschers, Vivianne; Herrmann, Anne
    Background: Public behaviour is a crucial factor to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of the public‘s attitudes, knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance is required to recommend effective communication strategies to promote a more prudent antibiotic usage as well as the adoption of measures to prevent the spread of resistant bacteria. Method: An online survey was conducted among the Swiss population (N = 1,260). We applied cluster analysis to identify segments based on the respondents‘ demand for and perception of antibiotics. Through multiple ANOVAs, segments were compared on their demographic characteristics, knowledge, as well as on their cultural values and other variables, such as perceived responsibility. Findings: Four segments were identified. They differed significantly on all perception variables and their demand for antibiotics (Fs > 58, ps < .001, ηp2s > .13): (1) Experienced Sceptics reported a low demand and usage of antibiotics, were aware of the risks and had more experience with antibiotic resistance. (2) Knowledgeable Undifferentiated had lots of knowledge about antibiotics, antibiotic resistance and preventive measures but were neither very concerned about antibiotic resistance nor did they perceive many benefits in using antibiotics. (3) Young Unwilling showed little willingness to adopt preventive measures, were younger and rather uncritical regarding antibiotics. (4) Self-Serving Users reported a high demand and usage of antibiotics, perceived a rather low responsibility and held strong egoistic values. Discussion: To promote prudent antibiotic usage, recommendations for communication strategies were developed targeting the different segments‘ needs.
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    “Contradictio in opinionibus”: The Swiss public’s attitudes and beliefs about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance
    (18.06.2018) Visschers, Vivianne; Feck, Vanessa; Herrmann, Anne
    One of the actors involved in the growing risk of antibiotic resistance is the general public. Its perceptions and decisions (i.e., its mental models) regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance determine how much antibiotics are used and how willing people are to adopt measures to prevent the spread of resistant bacteria. For the development of intervention strategies and materials that promote the prudent use of antibiotics and the adoption of preventive measures, we thus need to understand the public’s mental models of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. We conducted an interview study (N = 10) and an online survey (N = 1,260) to investigate the Swiss public’s attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and perceived social influences regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. Moreover, using the survey data, we examined how these concepts—in addition to people’s demographic characteristics, experiences with antibiotics and cultural values—relate to their request for antibiotics and their willingness to adopt preventive measures against antibiotic resistance. In both studies, respondents held contradicting opinions (i.e., beliefs and attitudes) about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. The same individuals, for example, correctly knew that bacteria became resistant against antibiotics and, at the same time, incorrectly believed that their own body became resistant. The survey data additionally showed that respondents’ contradicting attitudes and beliefs affected their request for antibiotics. Respondents’ request for antibiotics was mostly predicted by egoistic values, knowledge about antibiotics and the perceived benefits of antibiotics. Alternatively, their willingness to adopt preventive measures was mainly related to traditional values and biospheric values, their knowledge about preventive measures as well as their perceived risks of antibiotics and of antibiotic resistance. Stronger perceived norms in respondents’ social environment regarding prudent antibiotic usage were related to both a lower request for antibiotics and a higher willingness to adopt preventive measures. In sum, different psychological factors need to be addressed in an intervention to promote both a more prudent antibiotic usage and the adoption of preventive measures among the general public. We will particularly discuss how opposing attitudes and beliefs can be addressed in such intervention materials.
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Wie nehmen Konsumenten Antibiotika, Antibiotikaresistenzen und Antibiotikaverbrauch wahr?
    (06/2018) Visschers, Vivianne; Feck, Vanessa; Herrmann, Anne
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Wie nehmen Konsumenten und Konsumentinnen Antibiotika, Antibiotikaresistenzen und Antibiotikaverbrauch wahr? Schlussbericht einer qualitativen und einer quantitativen Studie im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Gesundheit BAG
    (23.02.2018) Visschers, Vivianne; Feck, Vanessa; Herrmann, Anne
    Im Rahmen der Umsetzung der nationalen Strategie gegen Antibiotikaresistenzen (StAR, der Bundesrat, 2015) soll die Schweizer Bevölkerung für einen sorgfältigeren Umgang mit Antibiotika und die möglichen Präventionsmassnahmen gegen Antibiotikaresistenzen (z.B. persönliche Hygiene) sensibilisiert werden. Für die Entwicklung effektiver Informations- und Aufklärungsmaterialien zu diesen Themen ist es wichtig, die Einstellungen und Vorstellungen sowie das Wissen und die Entscheidungen der Bevölkerung in Bezug auf Antibiotika und Antibiotikaresistenzen zu verstehen . Das Forschungsprojekt hatte zwei Ziele. Erstens wurden die mentalen Modelle der Schweizer Bevölkerung bezüglich Antibiotika und Antibiotikaresistenzen aufgezeigt, d.h. ihre Einstellungen, Vorstellungen und ihr Wissen zu diesen Themen sowie ihre Entscheidungen, wie z.B. der Wunsch nach Antibiotika und die Bereitschaft, Präventionsmassnahmen zu ergreifen. Zusätzlich wurde untersucht, ob innerhalb der Bevölkerung Segmente identifiziert werden können, die sich in ihren mentalen Modellen voneinander unterscheiden. Zweitens wurden die Zusammenhänge quantifiziert zwischen Einstellungen, Vorstellungen und Wissen der Bevölkerung hinsichtlich Antibiotika und Antibiotikaresistenzen einerseits, und dem Wunsch nach Antibiotika für sich selbst, seine Kinder oder Haustiere sowie der Bereitschaft, Präventionsmassnahmen zu ergreifen, andererseits. Diese Quantifizierung gab Aufschluss darüber, welche psychosozialen Faktoren zu berücksichtigen sind, um den Wunsch nach Antibiotika, sowie die Bereitschaft, Präventionsmassnahmen zu ergreifen, zu beeinflussen. Das Forschungsprojekt bestand aus einer qualitativen Interviewstudie und einer quantitativen Online-Befragung in der deutsch- und französischsprachigen Schweiz.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    Application of multiblock modelling to identify key drivers for antimicrobial use in pig production in four European countries
    (Cambridge University Press, 2018) Backhans, Annette; Dewulf, Jeroen; Emanuelson, Ulf; Grosse Beilage, Elisabeth; Loesken, Svenja; Postma, Merel; Sjölund, Marie; Stärk, Katherina; Visschers, Vivianne; Belloc, Catherine; Collineau, Lucie; Bougeard, Stéphanie; Lehébel, Anne [in: Epidemiology and Infection]
    Antimicrobial use in pig farming is influenced by a range of risk factors, including herd characteristics, biosecurity level, farm performance, occurrence of clinical signs and vaccination scheme, as well as farmers’ attitudes and habits towards antimicrobial use. So far, the effect of these risk factors has been explored separately. Using an innovative method called multiblock partial least-squares regression, this study aimed to investigate, in a sample of 207 farrow-to-finish farms from Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden, the relative importance of the six above mentioned categories or ‘blocks’ of risk factors for antimicrobial use in pig production. Four country separate models were developed; they showed that all six blocks provided useful contribution to explaining antimicrobial use in at least one country. The occurrence of clinical signs, especially of respiratory and nervous diseases in fatteners, was one of the largest contributing blocks in all four countries, whereas the effect of the other blocks differed between countries. In terms of risk management, it suggests that a holistic and country-specific mitigation strategy is likely to be more effective. However, further research is needed to validate our findings in larger and more representative samples, as well as in other countries.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
    Publikation
    How to improve consumers' environmental sustainability judgements of foods
    (Elsevier, 2018) Lazzarini, Gianna A.; Visschers, Vivianne; Siegrist, Michael [in: Journal of Cleaner Production]
    Food production and consumption account for approximately one-third of households' environmental impact. Consumers thus play a major role in the shift towards more sustainable foods and diets. An overall sustainability label or simple guidelines may enable consumers to make more environmentally friendly food choices, but whether such information-based tools improve consumers' ability to choose environmentally sustainable foods has not been empirically investigated. This study's online choice task experiment shows that eco-labels and guidelines marginally increased consumers' accuracy in selecting environmentally friendly foods. Respondents adhered, however, more to guidelines than to eco-labels and led to choices with lower environmental impact. In addition, respondents showed several misconceptions related to the environmental performance of protein products, which were resistant to both eco-labels and guidelines. These findings suggest that new, costly labels may not improve consumers' environmental judgements. Instead, addressing consumers' misconceptions and finding ways to promote environmentally sustainable food purchases is essential.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift