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Ergebnisse nach Hochschule und Institut
Publikation Discrepancy detection and developmental changes in attentional engagement in infancy(Elsevier, 1999) Bhatt, Ramesh S; Bertin, Evelyn; Gilbert, JaimeThe processing of discrepancies in visual arrays is fundamental to basic visual processes such as figure-ground segregation and object recognition. In six experiments, we examined this function in 3- and 5.5-month-olds. In Experiment 1, 5.5-month-olds detected a textural discrepancy induced by changes in individual color and shape features but not one induced by changes in relations among these features. These results suggest that, in infancy, as in adulthood, there are differences in the processes that detect featural discrepancies versus those that detect discrepancies in relations among features. Experiments 2, 3A, and 3B suggested that, unlike in the case of 3-month-olds in prior studies, textural and singleton discrepancies in arrays that 5.5-month-olds detect do not hold their attention in the presence of other attention-seeking cues. A comparison of the performance of 3- and 5.5-month-olds in Experiments 4A and 4B confirmed the presence of this developmental change. Altogether, these results indicate that infants’ detection of color and shape textural discrepancies is consistent with models of adult visual processing that posit a preattentive system for processing features and a resource-demanding attentional system for processing relations among features. They also suggest that the ability to disengage attention from a discrepancy and deploy it at another location develops between 3 and 5.5 months of age.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Dissociations between featural versus conjunction-based texture processing in infancy: analyses of three potential contributing factors(Elsevier, 03/2001) Bertin, Evelyn; Bhatt, Ramesh S.Many models of object perception posit that adults encode individual features in visual scenes before processing the conjunction relations among these features to generate holistic representations. Prior research suggests that infants detect textural discrepancies based on individual features more readily than those based on feature conjunctions. While these results suggest adult-like qualitative differences in infants' processing of features versus conjunctions, there are potential alternative explanations. We examined three such explanations: (1) failure to process one of the features that constitute the conjunction, (2) failure to encode and remember conjunction information that is necessary to detect conjunction-based textural discrepancies, and (3) the fact that conjunction-based discrepancies involve stimuli that are more similar to original stimuli than those involving feature-based discrepancies. None of these factors could explain 5.5-month-olds' superior processing of featural than conjunction-based textural discrepancies. Thus, in infancy, as in adulthood, features and conjunction relations appear to be processed by qualitatively different mechanisms.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift