Hochschule für Life Sciences FHNW

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Bereich: Suchergebnisse

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  • Publikation
    Augmented feedback system to support physical therapy of non-specific low back pain
    (Springer, 2010) Brodbeck, Dominique; Degen, Markus; Stanimirov, Michael; Kool, Jan; Scheermesser, Mandy; Oesch, Peter; Neuhaus, Cornelia; Fred, Ana; Filipe, Joaquim; Gamboa, Hugo
    Low back pain is an important problem in industrialized countries. Two key factors limit the effectiveness of physiotherapy: low compliance of patients with repetitive movement exercises, and inadequate awareness of patients of their own posture. The Backtrainer system addresses these problems by real-time monitoring of the spine position, by providing a framework for most common physiotherapy exercises for the low back, and by providing feedback to patients in a motivating way. A minimal sensor configuration was identified as two inertial sensors that measure the orientation of the lower back at two points with three degrees of freedom. The software was designed as a flexible platform to experiment with different hardware, and with various feedback modalities. Basic exercises for two types of movements are provided: mobilizing and stabilizing. We developed visual feedback - abstract as well as in the form of a virtual reality game - and complemented the on-screen graphics with an ambient feedback device. The system was evaluated during five weeks in a rehabilitation clinic with 26 patients and 15 physiotherapists. Subjective satisfaction of subjects was good, and we interpret the results as encouraging indication for the adoption of such a therapy support system by both patients and therapists.
    04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
  • Publikation
    Circularity and environmental sustainability of organic and printed electronics
    (Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2024) Le Blévennec, Kévin; Hengevoss, Dirk; Zimmermann, Yannick-Serge; Brun, Nadja; Hugi, Christoph; Lenz, Markus; Corvini, Philippe; Fent, Karl; Nisato, Giovanni; Lupo, Donald; Rudolf, Simone
    In this chapter, the possible role and impact of organic and printed electronics (OPE) in a transition toward a circular economy and more sustainable society will be discussed. The learning targets are twofold: first, understanding main environmental issues associated with the emerging field of OPE, and second, identifying, through a systemic perspective, the enabling potential of these technologies.
    04A - Beitrag Sammelband
  • Publikation
    Guidelines on pre- and co-processing of waste in cement production. Use of waste as alternative fuel and raw material
    (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, 2020) Hinkel, Michael; Blume, Steffen; Hinchliffe, Daniel; Mutz, Dieter; Hengevoss, Dirk
    The main objective of these Guidelines is to improve waste management by offering updated and objective information about pre- and co-processing of waste in the cement industry. They contain knowhow and practical experiences gained in implementing pre- and co-processing since the first edition that served as a reference document in international agreements (e.g. Basel Convention for Hazardous Waste Treatment) and adaptation of various national guidelines. The Guidelines follow common understanding that avoiding and reducing waste is the best way of dealing with current waste problems all over the world. The extension of waste collection to 100% of the population and of waste fractions is notably a prerequisite to manage waste effectively in many countries. However, the Guidelines promote an approach that aims to reduce existing waste problems and at the same time to encourage the use of waste as an alternative source for primary energy and virgin raw materials in cement production. Wherever possible, the concepts of resource efficiency, circular economy, recycling and reuse must be given first priority. Improving waste management will take time. Reaching the status of an effective waste management solution in Europe has taken place over a period of 20-30 years. It has been supported by stringent legislation to monitor quality and emissions. Developing pre- and co-processing as a suitable waste management option requires also time and investments. Rigorous permitting and quality assurance procedures need to be applied. Pre- and coprocessing respects the waste hierarchy and does not contradict it, when these Guidelines are followed. In this context, it can be classified as a technology for energy recovery and mineral recycling. The key for implementation of these Guidelines and to achieve the maximum benefit from pre- and co-processing of waste in cement production continues to be close collaboration and co-operation between the public and the private sectors. Innovative techniques and technical knowhow are available and will be further developed by the private ector, whereas the public sector should ensure that environmental standards are maintained and health and safety regulations are applied and enforced. In addition ethical business conduct, good governance and social responsibility remain prerequisites for successfully implementing the Guidelines.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Publikation
    Comparison of methods for phylogenetic B-cell lineage inference using time-resolved antibody repertoire simulations (AbSim)
    (Oxford University Press, 31.08.2017) Yermanos, Alexander; Greiff, Victor; Krautler, Nike Julia; Menzel, Ulrike; Dounas, Andreas; Miho, Enkelejda; Oxenius, Annette; Stadler, Tanja; Reddy, Sai T.; Kelso, Janet
    Motivation: The evolution of antibody repertoires represents a hallmark feature of adaptive B-cell immunity. Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing have dramatically increased the resolution to which we can measure the molecular diversity of antibody repertoires, thereby offering for the first time the possibility to capture the antigen-driven evolution of B cells. However, there does not exist a repertoire simulation framework yet that enables the comparison of com monly utilized phylogenetic methods with regard to their accuracy in inferring antibody evolution.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Publikation
    Learning the high-dimensional immunogenomic features that predict public and private antibody repertoires
    (American Association of Immunologists, 15.10.2017) Greiff, Victor; Weber, Cédric R.; Palme, Johannes; Bodenhofer, Ulrich; Miho, Enkelejda; Menzel, Ulrike; Reddy, Sai T.
    Recent studies have revealed that immune repertoires contain a substantial fraction of public clones, which may be defined as Ab or TCR clonal sequences shared across individuals. It has remained unclear whether public clones possess predictable sequence features that differentiate them from private clones, which are believed to be generated largely stochastically. This knowledge gap represents a lack of insight into the shaping of immune repertoire diversity. Leveraging a machine learning approach capable of capturing the high-dimensional compositional information of each clonal sequence (defined by CDR3), we detected predictive public clone and private clone–specific immunogenomic differences concentrated in CDR3’s N1–D–N2 region, which allowed the prediction of public and private status with 80% accuracy in humans and mice. Our results unexpectedly demonstrate that public, as well as private, clones possess predictable high-dimensional immunogenomic features. Our support vector machine model could be trained effectively on large published datasets (3 million clonal sequences) and was sufficiently robust for public clone prediction across individuals and studies prepared with different library preparation and high-throughput sequencing protocols. In summary, we have uncovered the existence of high-dimensional immunogenomic rules that shape immune repertoire diversity in a predictable fashion. Our approach may pave the way for the construction of a comprehensive atlas of public mouse and human immune repertoires with potential applications in rational vaccine design and immunotherapeutics.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Publikation
    Bioinformatic and statistical analysis of adaptive immune repertoires
    (Cell Press, 10/2015) Greiff, Victor; Miho, Enkelejda; Menzel, Ulrike; Reddy, Sai T.
    High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of immune repertoires has enabled the quantitative analysis of adaptive immune responses and offers the potential to revolutionize research in lymphocyte biology, vaccine profiling, and mono clonal antibody engineering. Advances in sequencing technology coupled to an exponential decline in sequencing costs have fueled the recent over whelming interest in immune repertoire sequencing. This, in turn, has sparked the development of numerous methods for bioinformatic and statistics-driven interpretation and visualization of immune repertoires. Here, we review the current literature on bioinformatic and statistical analysis of immune reper toire HTS data and discuss underlying assumptions, applicability, and scope. We further highlight important directions for future research, which could propel immune repertoire HTS to becoming a standard method for measuring adaptive immune responses.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Publikation
    Augmenting adaptive immunity. Progress and challenges in the quantitative engineering and analysis of adaptive immune receptor repertoires
    (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019) Brown, Alex J.; Snapkov, Igor; Akbar, Rahmad; Pavlović, Milena; Miho, Enkelejda; Sandve, Geir K.; Greiff, Victor
    The adaptive immune system is a natural diagnostic sensor and therapeutic. It recognizes threats earlier than clinical symptoms manifest and neutralizes antigens with exquisite specificity. Recognition specificity and broad reactivity are enabled via adaptive B- and T-cell receptors: the immune receptor repertoire. The human immune system, however, is not omnipotent. Our natural defense system sometimes loses the battle to parasites and microbes and even turns against us in the case of cancer and (autoimmune) inflammatory disease. A long-standing dream of immunoengineers has been, therefore, to mechanistically understand how the immune system “sees”, “reacts” and “remembers” (auto)antigens. Only very recently, experimental and computational methods have achieved sufficient quantitative resolution to start querying and engineering adaptive immunity with high precision. Specifically, these innovations have been applied with the greatest fervency and success in immunotherapy, autoimmunity and vaccine design. The work here highlights advances, challenges and future directions of quantitative approaches which seek to advance the fundamental understanding of immunological phenomena, and reverse engineer the immune system to produce auspicious biopharmaceutical drugs and immunodiagnostics. Our review shows how the merger of fundamental immunology, computational immunology and (digital) biotechnology advances both immunological knowledge and immunoengineering methodologies.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Publikation
    Single-molecule real-time sequencing of the M protein.Toward personalized medicine in monoclonal gammopathies
    (Wiley, 05.08.2022) Cascino, Pasquale; Nevone, Alice; Piscitelli, Maggie; Scopelliti, Claudia; Girelli, Maria; Mazzini, Giulia; Caminito, Serena; Russo, Giancarlo; Milani, Paolo; Basset, Marco; Foli, Andrea; Fazio, Francesca; Casarini, Simona; Massa, Margherita; Bozzola, Margherita; Ripepi, Jessica; Sesta, Melania Antonietta; Acquafredda, Gloria; De Cicco, Marica; Moretta, Antonia; Rognoni, Paola; Milan, Enrico; Ricagno, Stefano; Lavatelli, Francesca; Petrucci, Maria Teresa; Miho, Enkelejda; Klersy, Catherine; Merlini, Giampaolo; Palladini, Giovanni; Nuvolone, Mario
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Publikation
    Molecular assembly and self‐assembly: molecular nanoscience for future technologies
    (2003) de Wild, Michael; Berner, Simon; Suzuki, Hitoshi; Ramoino, Luca; Baratoff, Alexis; Jung, Thomas A.
    In this review the emerging science of single molecules is discussed in the perspective of nanoscale molecular functions and devices. New methods for the controlled assembly of well-defined molecular nanostructures are pre- sented: self assembly and single molecular positioning. The observation and selective modification of conformation, electronics, and molecular mechanics of individual molecules and molecular assemblies by scanning probes is dem- onstrated. To complement this scientific review, some of the possible conse- quences and visions for future developments are discussed, as far as they derive from the presented systems. The prospects of nanoscale science to stim- ulate technological evolution are exemplified.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift