Erath, Alexander
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Erath, Alexander
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- PublikationTraffic impact of flexibly rented, private parking spaces(11.04.2024) Erath, Alexander; Meyer, Adrian; Venuleo, Sara; Jordan, Denis; Büttner, Benjamin; Wulfhorst, Gebhard [in: mobil.TUM 2024]04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationQuantifying the effect of street design on driving speed on urban roads(Transportation Research Board, 01.01.2024) van Eggermond, Michael; Schaffner, Dorothea; Studer, Nora; Erath, AlexanderReducing driving speed is a key factor in improving road safety and combating noise emissions. For this reason, more and more cities across the world reduce speed limits urban in roads to 30 km/h (20 mph). According measures are implemented in major urban areas in Europe (e.g. Paris, Brussels) and the U.S. (e.g. New York City, Seattle). For the implementation of speed reductions main roads are of particular interest. Main roads in urban areas are different from residential roads in several ways, including, but not limited to the type of trips, vehicular mix and the presence of public transport, and are therefore limited in design options to reduce speeds. The study at hand reports on a virtual reality study conducted in Switzerland using a driving simulator. To assess whether road design influences driving speed, participants were asked to drive through a series of main roads in VR with varying speed limits and street designs. Speed and lateral position were recorded; in a follow-up survey, participants stated their preferred speed along the same segments and were asked about risk aversion. Results indicate that only certain designs result in slightly lower driving speeds, while controlling for self-reported risk aversion and driving style. Given the characteristics of main roads, measures reducing the (perceived) lane width are promising, but require further investigation.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationHow autonomous electric vehicles will affect the Swiss transport system. What we already know and what we can’t know yet(ETH Zürich, 06.12.2023) Erath, Alexander; Axhausen, Kay W. [in: NSL Kolloquium - Transport planning. Where do we go now?]04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationHow relevant is the aggregation bias with regards to mode choice?(Swiss Transport Research Conference, 12.05.2023) Erath, Alexander; Cachaco, Fabio; Alahi, Alexandre [in: Conference Proceedings of the 23rd Swiss Transport Research Conference]Most travel demand models used in practice still apply a four-step approach which describes travel demand in an aggregated manner. Aggregation bias refers to the assumption that group characteristics are shared by all the individuals who are members of that group as compared to an approach that evaluates travel behaviour on the level of individuals. The use of average values applied to aggregated populations across spatial zones and time periods distorts a model’s sensitivity to investment and policy alternatives (Castiglione u. a. 2015). Our paper examines the relevance and impact of aggregation bias with regards to trip- and tour-based mode choice. The paper starts with a short literature review and a theoretical description of the problem. The main part of the paper consists of two case studies which we have developed to quantitatively assess the relevance of the aggregation bias. The first case study is based on synthetic data that reflects typical rates of mobility tool ownership and travel times by different modes for a given travel relation in an urban, agglomeration and rural context in Switzerland. The relevance of the aggregation bias is assessed by different ways to consider mobility tool ownership and systematic adaptations of the considered travel times. The second case study is based on the implementation of an activity-based and disaggregated demand model for the German city of Halle based on which an aggregated model is derived that shared exact same transport network and overall travel demand. We use the two models to assess the relevance of the aggregation bias based on three scenarios with different transport planning measures.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationQuantifying the effect of street design on driving speed on urban roads(05/2023) van Eggermond, Michael; Schaffner, Dorothea; Studer, Nora; Erath, AlexanderReducing driving speed is a key factor in improving road safety and combatting noise emissions. Over the last decades, many European cities and countries have reduced the speed limits of residential and neighborhood roads from 50 km/h (30 mph) to 30 km/h (20 mph) or even 20 km/h (12 mph). At the same time, there is a discussion to reduce speed limits on main roads in urban areas in several countries. Main roads in urban areas are different from residential roads in several ways, including, but not limited to the type of trips, vehicular mix and the presence of public transport, and are therefore limited in design options to reduce speeds. The study at hand reports on a virtual reality study conducted in Switzerland using a driving simulator. To assess whether road design influences driving speed, participants were asked to drive through a series of streets in VR with varying speed limits and street designs. Speed and lateral position were recorded; in a follow-up survey, participants stated their preferred speed along the same segments and were asked about risk aversion. Results indicate that only certain designs result in slightly lower driving speeds, while controlling for self-reported risk aversion and driving style. Given the characteristics of main roads, measures reducing the (perceived) lane width are promising, but require further investigation.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationForecasting district-wide pedestrian volumes in multi-level networks in high-density mixed-use areas(Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (HVL), 06/2022) Mavros, Panos; van Eggermond, Michael; Erath, Alexander; Helle, Veera; Acebillo, Pablo; Xu, Shuchen; van Nees, Akkelies; de Koning, Remco Elric; Jacobsen Åsli, Thale [in: 13th International Space Syntax Symposium]This paper is concerned with improvements in the forecasting of pedestrian flows in multilevel pedestrian networks in high-density urban environments. 3D network topology measures are combined with land-use data, and validated against extensive pedestrian counts, to provide both evidence for the applicability of network analysis in tropical metropolises, as well as a calibrated tool for urban planners. The research focuses on four area in Singapore. These areas have in common that they all are prominent transport hubs, but differ in surrounding land-use types and dominant network topology (e.g. indoor, outdoor, above ground, below ground, at grade). Multi-level pedestrian networks were drawn based on OpenStreetMap, include sidewalks on both sides of major roads for a radius up to 2 kilometres from the site centroids. Spatial network analysis was performed using sDNA which allows vertical networks to generate measures describing the spatial configuration of the network. Subsequently, pedestrian counts were conducted during three consecutive days. In total, counts were conducted at more than 250 locations in 2018 and 2019, well before the global COVID19 pandemic. Pedestrian flows are set against a series of variables, including pedestrian attractors and generators (e.g. shops, offices, hotels, dwellings), and variables describing the spatial configuration of the network, using advanced regression models. Our results show that betweenness metrics (i.e. space syntax choice) combined with land-use yield high predictive power. Dependent on the study site, network metrics based on angular distance outperform those based on metric distance or perceived link distance. This research demonstrates that is necessary to account for the multi-level nature of networks, and that indoor flows through private developments cannot be neglected, in particular when planning for integrated transport developments. The paper concludes with recommendations and implications for practice.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationPool More, Drive Less: An In-Depth Qualitative Investigation of Barriers and Motivators of Ride-Pooling in Autonomous Vehicles(2022) Stefanelli, Annalisa; Haiderer, Nicole; Studer, Nora; Schaffner, Dorothea; Erath, Alexander; van Eggermond, MichaelRide-pooling (RP) in autonomous vehicles (AVs) has the potential to combine the sustainability of public transport with the comfort of a private car. In our study we investigated consumers’ acceptance of RP in AVs through in-depth qualitative interviews, identifying relevant barriers and motivators of using this new mobility service.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationImage-based reality-capturing and 3D modelling for the creation of VR cycling simulations(Copernicus, 17.06.2021) Wahbeh, Wissam; Ammann, Manuela; Nebiker, Stephan; van Eggermond, Michael; Erath, Alexander; Wahbeh, Wissam [in: ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences]With this paper, we present a novel approach for efficiently creating reality-based, high-fidelity urban 3D models for interactive VR cycling simulations. The foundation of these 3D models is accurately georeferenced street-level imagery, which can be captured using vehicle-based or portable mapping platforms. Depending on the desired type of urban model, the street-level imagery is either used for semi-automatically texturing an existing city model or for automatically creating textured 3D meshes from multi-view reconstructions using commercial off-the-shelf software. The resulting textured urban 3D model is then integrated with a real-time traffic simulation solution to create a VR framework based on the Unity game engine. Subsequently, the resulting urban scenes and different planning scenarios can be explored on a physical cycling simulator using a VR helmet or viewed as a 360-degree or conventional video. In addition, the VR environment can be used for augmented reality applications, e.g., mobile augmented reality maps. We apply this framework to a case study in the city of Berne to illustrate design variants of new cycling infrastructure at a major traffic junction to collect feedback from practitioners about the potential for practical applications in planning processes.04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
- PublikationStudying bicyclists’ perceived level of safety using a cycling simulator combined with immersive virtual reality(18.11.2019) Nazemi, Mohsen; van Eggermond, Michael; Erath, Alexander; Joos, Michael; Schaffner, Dorothea; Axhausen, Kay W. [in: 8th International Cycling Safety Conference (ICSC 2019)]04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift