2022, Klostermann, Claudia, Nagel, Siegfried

2019, Hayoz, Christelle, Klostermann, Claudia, Schmid, Jürg, Schlesinger, Torsten, Nagel, Siegfried

The intergenerational transfer of a sports-related lifestyle within the family is a potential way to explain the social differences in sports participation that are displayed by young people. In this article, the importance of a sports-related lifestyle within the family, as well as parents’ educational background and sports participation in childhood, in the sports participation of adolescents and young adults is examined from the perspective of socialisation theory. Structural equation modelling was used to demonstrate that all of the examined predictors have significant positive effects on the current sports participation of individuals between the ages of 15 and 30 years (N = 4028; M = 21.48; SD = 4.64). The most pronounced effect on sports participation was observed for a sports-related lifestyle in the family.

2016, Hayoz, Christelle, Klostermann, Claudia, Schlesinger, Torsten, Nagel, Siegfried

Für das Sportengagement Jugendlicher sind große inter-individuelle Unterschiede sowie hohe Ausstiegsraten kennzeichnend. Ein möglicher Erklärungsansatz stellt aus einer sozialisationstheoretischen Perspektive die transgenerationale Vermittlung des Sportverhaltens und damit verbundener Handlungsorientierungen in der Familie dar. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht, welche Rolle die sportbezogenen Orientierungs- und Verhaltensmuster im Familienalltag für das Sportengagement Jugendlicher spielen. Mittels Methodentriangulation zwischen hierarchischer Regression und qualitativen Interviews konnte für Jugendliche im Alter von 15 bis 20 Jahren (N = 1909; M = 17.3; SD = 1.7) die Bedeutung des Stellenwerts des Sports, der regelmäßigen Sportaktivität in der Familie, der sozialen Unterstützung, des sportbezogenen Gesundheitsbewusstseins sowie der Kommunikation über Sport in der Familie für das individuelle Sportengagement Jugendlicher aufgezeigt werden.

2021, Lenze, Lars, Klostermann, Claudia, Lamprecht, Markus, Nagel, Siegfried

Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with various health-promoting effects. However, little is known about the relationship between life events and changes in LTPA over the life course, especially when multiple life events occur simultaneously. Therefore, this study examines taking up and terminating LTPA associated with life events in the familial and occupational life domains over 16 years of 16–76-year-old Swiss inhabitants (n = 1857) in a retrospective longitudinal cohort design, using a validated telephone survey and multilevel discrete-time event-history analyses. The results show that taking up LTPA was more likely when ending a relationship and retiring and less likely when becoming a parent; terminating LTPA was more likely when ending a job, starting vocational training after 30 years, a relationship ended for men, and becoming a mother with increasing age. If experiencing multiple life events simultaneously, the greater the number of life events, the more likely persons aged 45–70 years were to take up LTPA and, conversely, the more likely persons aged 15–44 years to terminate LTPA. The relationship between life events and changes in LTPA over the life course was often age dependent, especially when experiencing multiple life events simultaneously. The findings should be considered when promoting LTPA.

2018, Hayoz, Christelle, Klostermann, Claudia, Schlesinger, Torsten, Nagel, Siegfried

In recent years, adolescent sports and physical activity have become a multifaceted culture. Different patterns of sports and physical activities are assumed to be based on different subjective action orientations. This paper aims to examine the variations in sports and physical activity among youths and young adolescents based on the sports models proposed by Heinemann (Citation2007) and the attributed action orientations based on Weber (Citation2002). In a qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight Swiss participants aged from 16 to 24 years to explore their sports and physical activities as well as their subjective attributed action orientations. The interviews were analyzed using the documentary method. The results of the present study demonstrate that ‘real types’ of sports models can be identified empirically in substantial accordance with the ‘ideal types’ of sports models proposed by Heinemann (Citation2007). Four overarching types of orientation patterns emerged: (1) a value-rational orientation pattern with high importance of performance and competition; (2) a value-rational orientation pattern with high importance of autonomy and flexibility; (3) a purpose-rational orientation to achieve ideals of body, beauty, and slenderness; and (4) a purpose-rational orientation to achieve well-being.

2012, Klostermann, Claudia, Nagel, Siegfried

Sport has become a highly differentiated social phenomenon in recent years. Changes in society, such as individualization, the growing significance of the health and body culture, and changing values, are considered to be generative mechanisms for increasing social importance and the differentiation of modern sport. Although discussions in sport sociology attribute the changes observed in recent decades of sport participation to a socially determined differentiation of sport, this premise has hardly ever been empirically tested. The present study examines to what extent the postulated developments in sport can be observed on the micro level of those engaging in sport, by examining sport behaviour from a contemporary historical perspective. Based on a life-course approach to research, a total of 1739 over 50-year-olds in Germany were asked about their sport participation as part of a retrospective longitudinal study. Results show that the increasing differentiation of sport can be documented by more diversified forms of individual sport careers. During a 30-year observation period the popularity of competitive sport decreased and the variety of ways in which sport was organized increased. A differentiated analysis based on examining three birth cohorts showed that the reported change in sport participation can be attributed to age, cohort and period effects. In addition, the present study examines how specific events in contemporary history are reflected in individual sporting careers. Sport careers in Chemnitz (Eastern Germany) and Braunschweig (Western Germany) differed before German reunification, but these differences have evened out after the political changes and the process of transformation.

2019, Klostermann, Claudia, Nagel, Siegfried, Hayoz, Christelle, Schlesinger, Torsten

Erklärungen zu Unterschieden in der Sportpartizipation verweisen vielfach auf den Faktor Migrationshintergrund und daraus resultierende Benachteiligungen, ohne die dahinterliegenden Mechanismen genauer zu beleuchten. Die folgende Studie verfolgt das Ziel, eine differenziertere Prüfung vorzunehmen, inwiefern Personen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund in der Schweiz unterschiedliche sportbezogene Einstellungen und Deutungsmuster aufweisen, welche wiederum für die Partizipation am Sport von Bedeutung sind. Datengrundlage der empirischen Analyse bildet eine Querschnittserhebung von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen in ausgewählten deutsch- und französischsprachigen Kantonen der Schweiz (n = 4039). Fehlende Werte wurden mittels multivariater Imputation ersetzt. Deskriptive Befunde bestätigen zunächst migrationsspezifische Unterschiede in der Sportpartizipation. Multivariate logistische Regressionsanalysen zwischen Personen mit und Migrationshintergrund zeigen, dass der reine Effekt des Migrationsstatutes etwas gedämpft wird, wenn Variablen zu sportbezogenen Einstellungen und Deutungsmustern einbezogen werden. Betrachtet man die Einflüsse innerhalb der beiden Gruppen, so zeigt sich, dass die meisten signifikanten Prädiktoren in die gleichen Richtungen weisen und damit die theoretischen Mechanismen in den gruppenspezifischen Kontexten ähnlich wirken.

2018, Schlesinger, Torsten, Klostermann, Claudia, Hayoz, Christelle, Nagel, Siegfried, Schneider, André, Köhler, Julia, Schumann, Frank

2011, Klostermann, Claudia, Nagel, Siegfried

Aktuelle demographische Entwicklungen rücken Fragen nach den Einflussfaktoren der Sportbeteiligung von Menschen in der 2. Lebenshälfte in den Mittelpunkt sportwissenschaftlichen Interesses. Aufgrund der vielfältigen Lebenserfahrungen dieser Altersgruppe stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit die sportliche Vorgeschichte das aktuelle Sportengagement beeinflusst. Ausgehend vom Ansatz der Lebensverlaufsforschung wurden hierzu Personen ab dem 50. Lebensjahr zu ihrem aktuellen und früheren Sportengagement im retrospektiven Längsschnitt befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere ein langjähriges Sportengagement in der 1. Lebenshälfte sowie sportliche Aktivitäten im frühen Erwachsenenalter den Verlauf des Sportengagements in der 2. Lebenshälfte positiv beeinflussen. Darüber hinaus weisen Perioden- und Kohorteneffekte darauf hin, dass die lebenszeitlichen Abhängigkeiten des Sportengagements unter dem moderierenden Einfluss des sozialen Faktors Geschlecht sowie gesellschaftlicher Rahmenbedingungen stehen.