Comparison of Black Smoke and PM2.5 Levels in Indoor and Outdoor Environments of Four European Cities
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Autor:innen
Götschi, Thomas
Mathys, Patrick
Monn, Christian
Manalis, Nikos
Koistinen, Kimmo
Jantunen, Matti
Hänninen, Otto
Polanska, Liba
Künzli, Nino
Autor:in (Körperschaft)
Publikationsdatum
2002
Typ der Arbeit
Studiengang
Typ
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Herausgeber:innen
Herausgeber:in (Körperschaft)
Betreuer:in
Übergeordnetes Werk
Environmental Science & Technology
Themenheft
DOI der Originalpublikation
Link
Reihe / Serie
Reihennummer
Jahrgang / Band
36
Ausgabe / Nummer
6
Seiten / Dauer
1191–1197
Patentnummer
Verlag / Herausgebende Institution
American Chemical Society
Verlagsort / Veranstaltungsort
Washington
Auflage
Version
Programmiersprache
Abtretungsempfänger:in
Praxispartner:in/Auftraggeber:in
Zusammenfassung
Recent studies on separated particle-size fractions highlight the health significance of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), but gravimetric methods do not identify specific particle sources. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contain elemental carbon (EC), the dominant light-absorbing substance in the atmosphere. Black smoke (BS) is a measure for light absorption of PM and, thus, an alternative way to estimating EC concentrations, which may serve as a proxy for diesel exhaust emissions. We analyzed PM2.5 and BS data collected within the EXPOLIS study (Air Pollution Exposure Distribution within Adult Urban Populations in Europe) in Athens, Basel, Helsinki, and Prague. 186 indoor/outdoor filter pairs were sampled and analyzed. PM2.5 and BS levels were lowest in Helsinki, moderate in Basel, and remarkably higher in Athens and Prague. In each city, Spearman correlation coefficients of indoor versus outdoor were higher for BS (range rSpearman: 0.57−0.86) than for PM2.5 (0.05−0.69). In a BS linear regression model (all data), outdoor levels explained clearly more of indoor variation (86%) than in the corresponding PM2.5 model (59%). In conclusion, ambient BS seizes a health-relevant fraction of fine particles to which people are exposed indoors and outdoors and exposure to which can be assessed by monitoring outdoor concentrations. BS measured on PM2.5 filters can be recommended as a valid and cheap additional indicator in studies on combustion-related air pollution and health.
Schlagwörter
Air pollution, Optical properties, Particles, Particular matter, Redox reactions
Fachgebiet (DDC)
300 - Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
610 - Medizin und Gesundheit
610 - Medizin und Gesundheit
Veranstaltung
Startdatum der Ausstellung
Enddatum der Ausstellung
Startdatum der Konferenz
Enddatum der Konferenz
Datum der letzten Prüfung
ISBN
ISSN
0013-936X
1520-5851
1520-5851
Sprache
Englisch
Während FHNW Zugehörigkeit erstellt
Nein
Zukunftsfelder FHNW
Publikationsstatus
Veröffentlicht
Begutachtung
Peer-Review der ganzen Publikation
Open Access-Status
Closed
Lizenz
Zitation
GÖTSCHI, Thomas, Lucy BAYER-OGLESBY, Patrick MATHYS, Christian MONN, Nikos MANALIS, Kimmo KOISTINEN, Matti JANTUNEN, Otto HÄNNINEN, Liba POLANSKA und Nino KÜNZLI, 2002. Comparison of Black Smoke and PM2.5 Levels in Indoor and Outdoor Environments of Four European Cities. Environmental Science & Technology. 2002. Bd. 36, Nr. 6, S. 1191–1197. DOI 10.1021/es010079n. Verfügbar unter: https://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/45829