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An “Agile” project planning course. Learning by doing in process engineering education
(Elsevier, 07/2024) Riedl, Wolfgang; Brown, Andrew; Rausenberger, Julia [in: Education for Chemical Engineers]
Process engineering education requires a comprehensive foundation and practical application. To bridge the gap between theoretical education and market requirements, a "Project Planning Course” has been offered since 2018 as part of the MSc specialization in Chemical Engineering at the FHNW School of Life Sciences. The course didactics combines the principles of an “agile” teaching mindset and problem-based learning, which optimally support the experience of this module. Students had to work on unresolved real-world problems, make decisions based on incomplete information, and present their work in a board meeting role play with board members from industry. These situations represent typical real-world challenges for future chemical engineers. The results show that most of the students learned to cope with the unconventional teaching methodology. The students’ evaluations of the module have been very positive, especially the fact that the active participation of the students triggers the actual learning process - which means that the essential learning goal has been achieved.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Didaktisch sinnvolle Online-Prüfungen in der Mathematik-Grundausbildung an Fachhochschulen
(Forum Neue Medien in der Lehre Austria, 2023) Mülken, Oliver; Friedhoff, Lars; Kramer, Franziska; Pude, Frank; Rausenberger, Julia [in: FNMA Magazin]
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Neuroanatomical disposition, natural development, and training-induced plasticity of the human auditory system from childhood to adulthood. A 12-year study in musicians and nonmusicians
(Society for Neuroscience, 2023) Schneider, Peter; Engelmann, Dorte; Groß, Christine; Bernhofs, Valdis; Hofmann, Elke; Christiner, Markus; Benner, Jan; Bücher, Steffen; Ludwig, Alexander; Serrallach, Bettina L.; Zeidler, Bettina M.; Turker, Sabrina; Parncutt, Richard; Seither-Preisler, Annemarie [in: The Journal of Neuroscience]
Auditory perception is fundamental to human development and communication. However, no long-term studies have been performed on the plasticity of the auditory system as a function of musical training from childhood to adulthood. The long-term interplay between developmental and training-induced neuroplasticity of auditory processing is still unknown. We present results from AMseL (Audio and Neuroplasticity of Musical Learning), the first longitudinal study on the development of the human auditory system from primary school age until late adolescence. This 12-year project combined neurologic and behavioral methods including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and auditory tests. A cohort of 112 typically developing participants (51 male, 61 female), classified as “musicians” and “nonmusicians”, was tested at five measurement timepoints. We found substantial, stable differences in the morphology of auditory cortex (AC) between musicians and nonmusicians even at the earliest ages, suggesting that musical aptitude is manifested in macroscopic neuroanatomical characteristics. Maturational plasticity led to a continuous increase in white matter myelination and systematic changes of the auditory evoked P1-N1-P2 complex (decreasing latencies, synchronization effects between hemispheres, and amplitude changes) regardless of musical expertise. Musicians showed substantial training-related changes at the neurofunctional level, in particular more synchronized P1 responses and bilaterally larger P2 amplitudes. Musical training had a positive influence on elementary auditory perception (frequency, tone duration, onset ramp) and pattern recognition (rhythm, subjective pitch). The observed interplay between “nature” (stable biological dispositions and natural maturation) and “nurture” (learning-induced plasticity) is integrated into a novel neurodevelopmental model of the human auditory system. Significance Statement: We present results from AMseL (Audio and Neuroplasticity of Musical Learning), a 12-year longitudinal study on the development of the human auditory system from childhood to adulthood that combined structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and auditory discrimination and pattern recognition tests. A total of 66 musicians and 46 nonmusicians were tested at five timepoints. Substantial, stable differences in the morphology of auditory cortex (AC) were found between the two groups even at the earliest ages, suggesting that musical aptitude is manifested in macroscopic neuroanatomical characteristics. We also observed neuroplastic and perceptual changes with age and musical practice. This interplay between “nature” (stable biological dispositions and natural maturation) and “nurture” (learning-induced plasticity) is integrated into a novel neurodevelopmental model of the human auditory system.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
How do students use basic aspects of functional thinking when learning mathematics in a chemistry context?
(European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI), 2023) Friedhoff, Lars; Roth, Jürgen; Rausenberger, Julia
The mathematical concept of function is challenging for students in first-year undergraduate mathematics courses, especially when the concept is applied in the context of STEM courses. This difficulty is often due to a lack of conceptual understanding of functions. From a normative perspective, conceptual understanding of functions involves 1) dealing with the different representations of a function, namely table, graph, analytical term and verbal description, while 2) considering three different aspects of functions, namely correspondence, covariation and object. Previous research suggests that the covariation aspect is essential for achieving a sophisticated conceptual understanding of functions. In order to promote the conceptual understanding of functions, a digital self-learning environment was developed and implemented in the first-year basic mathematics course at the School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW). To facilitate the transfer of mathematical knowledge to applied STEM courses, the mathematical learning environment focuses on chemical reactions, where the concentration of the reactants is analysed. Initial findings from the qualitative content analysis show 1) how students use the different aspects of mathematical functions in the context of chemical reactions and 2) how the covariation and object aspects support students in linking the chemical context to mathematical representations.
04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
How to strengthen today’s math skills of tomorrow’s engineers. Practical experiences with agile approaches to innovative university math lectures
(Springer, 2021) Rausenberger, Julia; Gilgen, Lilian; Mülken, Oliver; Feiler, Stefanie; Burkhard, Roger; Erb, Nico; Luther, Anna; Hölscher, Meike; Bock, Silke; Pude, Frank; Hloch, Sergej; Klichová, Dagmar; Pude, Frank; Krolczyk, Grzegorz M.; Chattopadhyaya, Somnath [in: Advances in Manufacturing Engineering and Materials II. Proceedings of the International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering and Materials (ICMEM 2020), 21–25 June, 2021]
How can math lectures within the life sciences curriculum take into account student heterogeneity in terms of prior mathematical knowledge and learn ing pace? And how can they do this while combining the achievement of learning goals with elements of agile working, such as self-organization in heterogeneous teams or promotion of creativity and motivation? At the start of our new “BSc In Life Sciences” curriculum, the focus was on two approaches to address stu dent heterogeneity – eduScrum as an undergraduate math learning framework and the qualification of highly motivated students as tutors. This paper reports on the motivation and development process to adapt teaching settings and presents first insights into the acceptance and impact of both approaches. In addition to achiev ing the learning objectives, both the eduScrum framework and the qualification of tutors promote skills such as collaboration, communication, creativity, IT skills and critical thinking - requirements that tomorrows’ employees will encounter in their carriers in the twenty-first-century.
04B - Beitrag Konferenzschrift
Photoconversion and nuclear trafficking cycles determine phytochrome A's response profile to far-red light
(Cell Press, 02.09.2011) Rausenberger, Julia; Tscheuschler, Anke; Nordmeier, Wiebke; Wüst, Florian; Timmer, Jens; Schäfer, Eberhard; Fleck, Christian; Hiltbrunner, Andreas [in: Cell]
Phytochrome A (phyA) is the only photoreceptor in plants, initiating responses in far-red light and, as such, essential for survival in canopy shade. Although the absorption and the ratio of active versus total phyA are maximal in red light, far-red light is the most efficient trigger of phyA-dependent responses. Using a joint experimental-theoretical approach, we unravel the mechanism underlying this shift of the phyA action peak from red to far-red light and show that it relies on specific molecular interactions rather than on intrinsic changes to phyA's spectral properties. According to our model, the dissociation rate of the phyA-FHY1/FHL nuclear import complex is a principle determinant of the phyA action peak. The findings suggest how higher plants acquired the ability to sense far-red light from an ancestral photoreceptor tuned to respond to red light.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
A novel concept combining experimental and mathematical analysis for the identification of unknown interspecies effects in a mixed culture
(Wiley, 08/2011) Schmidt, Julia K.; Riedele, Christian; Regestein, Lars; Rausenberger, Julia; Reichl, Udo [in: Biotechnology & Bioengineering]
Bacteria in natural habitats only occur in consortia together with various other species. Characterization of bacterial species, however, is normally done by laboratory testing of pure isolates. Any interactions that might appear during growth in mixed-culture are obviously missed by this approach. Existing experimental studies mainly focus on two-species mixed cultures with species specifically chosen for their known growth characteristics, and their anticipated interactions. Various theoretical mathematical studies dealing with mixed cultures and possible interspecies effects exist, but often models cannot be validated due to a lack of experimental data. Here, we present a concept for the identification of interspecies effects in mixed cultures with arbitrary and unknown single-species properties. Model structure and parameters were inferred from single-species experiments for the reproduction of mixed-culture experiments by simulation. A mixed culture consisting of the three-species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, and Staphylococcus aureus served as a model system. For species-specific enumeration a quantitative terminal restriction length polymorphism (qT-RFLP) assay was used. Based on models fitted to single-species cultivations, the outcome of mixed-culture experiments was predicted. Deviations of simulation results and experimental findings were then used to design additional single-cell experiments, to modify the corresponding growth kinetics, and to update model parameters. Eventually, the resulting mixed-culture dynamics was predicted and compared again to experimental results. During this iterative cycle, it became evident that the observed coexistence of P. aeruginosa and B. cepacia in mixed-culture chemostat experiments cannot be explained on the basis of glucose as the only substrate. After extension of growth kinetics, that is, for use of amino acids as secondary substrates, mixed-culture simulations represented the experimental findings very well. According to the model structure, as motivated by single-species experiments, the growth of P. aeruginosa and B. cepacia on glucose and amino acids could be assumed to be independent of each other. In contrast, both substrates are taken up simultaneously by S. aureus.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
An integrative model for phytochrome B mediated photomorphogenesis. From protein dynamics to physiology
(Public Library of Science, 19.05.2010) Rausenberger, Julia; Hussong, Andrea; Kircher, Stefan; Kirchenbauer, Daniel; Timmer, Jens; Nagy, Ferenc; Schäfer, Eberhard; Fleck, Christian; Harmon, Frank [in: PLOS ONE]
Plants have evolved various sophisticated mechanisms to respond and adapt to changes of abiotic factors in their natural environment. Light is one of the most important abiotic environmental factors and it regulates plant growth and development throughout their entire life cycle. To monitor the intensity and spectral composition of the ambient light environment, plants have evolved multiple photoreceptors, including the red/far-red light-sensing phytochromes.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Signatures of gene expression noise in cellular systems
(Elsevier, 2009) Rausenberger, Julia; Fleck, Christian; Timmer, Jens; Kollmann, Markus [in: Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology]
Noise in gene expression, either due to inherent stochasticity or to varying inter- and intracellular environment, can generate significant cell-to-cell variability of protein levels in clonal populations. To quantify the different sources of gene expression noise, several theoretical studies have been performed using either a quasi-stationary approximation for the emerging master equation or employing a time-dependent description, when cell division is taken explicitly into account. Here, we give an overview of the different origins of gene expression noise which were found experimentally and introduce the basic stochastic modeling approaches. We extend, and apply a time-dependent description of gene expression noise to experimental data. The analysis shows that the induction level of the transcription factor can be employed to discriminate the noise profiles and their characteristic signatures. On the basis of experimentally measured cell distributions, our simulations suggest that transcription factor binding and promoter activation can be modeled independently of each other with sufficient accuracy.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Quantifying origins of cell-to-cell variations in gene expression
(Cell Press, 15.11.2008) Rausenberger, Julia; Kollmann, Markus [in: Biophysical Journal]
A general dynamic description of protein synthesis was employed to quantify different sources of gene expression noise in cellular systems. To test our approach, we use time-resolved expression data of individual human cells and, from this information, predict the stationary cell-to-cell variation in protein levels in a clonal population. For three of the four human genes investigated, the cellular variations in expression level are not due to fluctuations in promoter activity or transcript copy number, but are almost exclusively a consequence of long-term variations of gene regulatory factors or the global cellular state. Moreover, we show that a dynamic description is much more reliable to discriminate extrinsic and intrinsic sources of noise than it is on grounds of cell-cycle averaged descriptions. The excellent agreement between the theoretical predictions and the experimentally measured noise strengths shows that a quantitative description of gene expression noise is indeed possible on the basis of idealized stochastic processes.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
Coexistence in the chemostat as a result of metabolic by-products
(Springer, 2006) Rausenberger, Julia; Schmidt, Julia K.; Reichl, Udo; Flockerzi, Dietrich [in: Journal of Mathematical Biology]
Classical chemostat models assume that competition is purely exploitative and mediated via a common, limiting and single resource. However, in laboratory experiments with pathogens related to the genetic disease Cystic Fibrosis, species specific properties of production, inhibition and consumption of a metabolic by-product, acetate, were found. These assumptions were implemented into a mathematical chemostat model which consists of four nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing two species competing for one limiting nutrient in an open system. We derive classical chemostat results and find that our basic model supports the competitive exclusion principle, the bistability of the system as well as stable coexistence. The analytical results are illustrated by numerical simulations performed with experimentally measured parameter values. As a variant of our basic model, mimicking testing of antibiotics for therapeutic treatments in mixed cultures instead of pure ones, we consider the introduction of a lethal inhibitor, which cannot be eliminated by one of the species and is selective for the stronger competitor. We discuss our theoretical results in relation to our experimental model system and find that simulations coincide with the qualitative behavior of the experimental result in the case where the metabolic by-product serves as a second carbon source for one of the species, but not the producer.
01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift

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