Institut Mensch in komplexen Systemen
Dauerhafte URI für die Sammlunghttps://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/3
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Publikation Zusammenarbeit zwischen Betriebszentrale und Interventionsdienst im Bahnbetrieb. Analyse und Schulung von Fähigkeiten und Kompetenzen für die interprofessionelle Ereignisbewältigung im Bahnbetrieb(06.03.2024) Wahrstätter, Stefan; Brüngger, Jonas; Dittrich, Melisa; Müller, Nicole; Fischer, Katrin06 - PräsentationPublikation Technische Anlagemodernisierungen: Herausforderung für eine soziotechnische Systemgestaltung(GfA-Press, 03.03.2023) Müller, Nicole; Stoller, Nicole; Iseli, Katja; Boutellier, Annelies; Fischer, KatrinBei Anlagemodernisierungen in Unternehmen steht die Technik häufig im Fokus, während Arbeitsprozesse und -aufgaben für die Mitarbeitenden oft erst reaktiv angepasst werden. Um negative Auswirkungen auf die Arbeitssituation der Mitarbeitenden zu vermeiden, benötigen die sozialen Komponenten eines Arbeitssystems daher besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Im Rahmen einer Anlagemodernisierung in einem Schweizer Industriewerk wurden die Folgen auf die Arbeitssituation der Mitarbeitenden anhand einer soziotechnischen Systemanalyse bewertet. Darauf aufbauend wurde ein Instrument entwickelt, das es dem Unternehmen für zukünftige Modernisierungsprojekte ermöglicht, prospektiv deren Auswirkungen auf die Human- und Organisationsfaktoren abzuschätzen und vorausschauend positiv zu gestalten.04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation Punctuality display in the driver’s cab: Blessing or curse for train drivers?(27.09.2022) Wahrstätter, Stefan; Stoller, Nicole; Brüngger, Jonas; Fischer, KatrinEnergy efficiency is an important topic for the Swiss railway industry – and not only because of the discussion regarding climate change. Currently, train drivers already receive updates on operating times, optimised speed profiles and recommended speed corrections through various assistance systems, enabling punctual and energy-efficient driving. As a further step, researchers at the University of Applied Psychology FHNW Switzerland and the Swiss Federal Railways SBB have now tested another support system in the driver’s cab: the punctuality display. A punctuality display could save train drivers from having to mentally calculate any deviation to the scheduled time themselves and thus keep their attention on safety-relevant tasks. This display may increase the overall system’s transparency and thus enhance perceived control for the train drivers. However, a punctuality display could also cause permanent readjustments to cruising speed and thus increase stress for the train drivers. The aim of the research project was to investigate the potential effects of a punctuality display on the daily work routine of train drivers. Other factors, such as the influence of the train driver’s work experience or the effect of the punctuality display while driving on different routes, were also investigated. In a second step, two different designs of a punctuality display were evaluated to investigate their influence on factors such as stress or distraction and to determine which of the two designs was preferred by train drivers. Or, in somewhat more general terms, the study intended to examine whether additional information systems are beneficial for a system operator because they increase system and process transparency, or whether this additional information is more of a stressor or restricts the operators’ scope for action. To assess these questions, test runs were carried out and assessed through questionnaires. The results show that the punctuality display is evaluated as a supportive tool by the train drivers. Novices rate the punctuality display slightly more positively than experts. When testing the design variants, it became apparent that a simple numeric display was preferred to a bar display. The stress and distraction potential of a punctuality display was generally evaluated as low by the train drivers and the display was not rated as disruptive. As a conclusion, it seems reasonable to provide train drivers with a punctuality display in form of a numerical display in the driver’s cab to support them in their daily work activity.06 - PräsentationPublikation Implizites explizieren - Ansätze zur Wissensweitergabe aus der psychologischen Forschung(ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, 2022) Fischer, Katrin01B - Beitrag in Magazin oder ZeitungPublikation Automatisierung – Risiken und Nebenwirkungen(MediaSec, 02/2019) Fischer, Katrin01B - Beitrag in Magazin oder ZeitungPublikation Arbeitsgestaltung für die Zukunft – Aber wie? Identifikation von Chancen und Risiken künftiger Automatisierung und Digitalisierung(03/2019) Fischer, Katrin; Kuhn, Christina; Ehrat, Franco; Fraefel, René; Wäfler, Toni06 - PräsentationPublikation Train operation in the future: Development of a psychological instrument for an optimal design of future human-machine systems in railway operation(ITS mobility, 2018) Hostettler, Karin; Brüngger, Jonas; Nisoli, Giulio; Fischer, KatrinIncreasing digitization and automation of train control at the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) are going to change work processes radically. So, a number of questions arise that will be of decisive importance for the cost-effectiveness, safety and reliability of train control in the future: How can we make use of the advantages of automation without trapping into the pitfalls of their “ironies” [1]? How can we design work processes prospectively such that we will not be surprised by future technical developments? How can we use the positive aspects of automation while mitigating its negative consequences, and finally, how can we ensure the safety and reliability of the railway system in the future? A joint research project between the University of Applied Psychology and the Swiss Federal Railways should provide answers to these questions. The aim of the project was to develop a catalogue of requirements, theoretically founded by work psychology, which would allow developers to design automated systems such that human-machine interaction would not lead to losses of operators’ situation awareness or his or her competences and abilities. In order to develop these requirements, we conducted expert workshops on the date basis of previously carried out work analyses of the human-machine systems of train drivers. In these expert workshops with totally 14 participants (train drivers, fleet procurement, shunting, security specialist) we specified recommendations for future automation projects. These requirements were theoretically founded by a specific psychological method for the analysis, evaluation and design of human-machine systems, called KOMPASS [3]. General aim of KOMPASS and of the psychological requirements was to offer the operator control over the human-machine system and to design automated systems such that operators can maintain control over the automated system. Finally, we put these requirements into an electronic instrument, which should be used by developers to embed work-related psychological requirements in the design of automated human-machine systems. The instrument helps the developer to identify and to justify psychological requirements at an early stage of technology development, where there is still a relatively large amount of formative scope of action. Actually, Swiss Federal Railways use the instrument for the optimal design of train control as well as for an optimal design of future rail traffic management systems.04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation Train operation in the future: Optimal design of human-machine systems in train driver's cab(04/2018) Hostettler, Karin; Brüngger, Jonas; Nisoli, Giulio; Fischer, KatrinOptimal design of human-machine systems: The aim of the project was to develop a catalogue of requirements, theoretically founded by work psychology, which would allow developers to design automated systems such that human-machine interaction will not lead to loss of operators’ situation awareness, competences and skills.06 - PräsentationPublikation Automatisierung im Bahnbetrieb – Chancen und Risiken aus arbeitspsychologischer Sicht(2018) Fischer, Katrin06 - PräsentationPublikation Train control in the future: Development of a psychological instrument for an optimal design of future man-machine systems in railway operation(2018) Fischer, Katrin; Hostettler, Karin; Brüngger, Jonas; Nisoli, Giulio06 - Präsentation