Institut Soziale Arbeit und Gesundheit

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Autor:in: search.filters.author.Bayer-Oglesby, LucyThema: search.filters.subject.610 - Medizin und Gesundheit

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  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Soziale Ungleichheit und Covid-19. Schwere Covid-19-Verläufe mit Spitalaufenthalt und der Einfluss von Demografie, Vorerkrankung, Sozialstatus und Expositionsrisiken
    (Schweizerisches Gesundheitsobervatorium OBSAN, 2024) Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Bachmann, Nicole; Sepahniya, Samin; Jörg, Reto
    Das Bulletin untersucht soziale Ungleichheiten in der Covid-19-Pandemie. Auf Basis einer Datenverknüpfung zwischen der Strukturerhebung (SE) und der Medizinischen Statistik (MS) wird untersucht, welche Teile der Schweizer Bevölkerung in den Pandemiejahren 2020 und 2021 ein erhöhtes Risiko für einen Spitalaufenthalt wegen Covid-19 aufwiesen und welche Rolle dabei die soziale Lage, die Wohnsituation und der Beruf spielten. Ausserdem thematisiert das Bulletin die Rolle schwerer Vorerkrankungen und zeigt auf, wie sich die sozialen Ungleichheiten bei schweren Covid-19-Verläufen mit der Zugänglichkeit von Impfungen verändert haben.
    01B - Beitrag in Magazin oder Zeitung
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Soziale Ungleichheit und schwere Covid-19-Verläufe in der Migrationsbevölkerung. Abschlussbericht
    (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG, 05.06.2024) Bachmann, Nicole; Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Bühler, Sarah; Sepahniya, Samin; Solèr, Maria
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    Spatial variability of different fractions of particulate matter within an urban environment and between urban and rural sites
    (Taylor & Francis, 2000) Röösli, Martin; Braun-Fährlander, Charlotte; Künzli, Nino; Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Theis, Gaston; Camenzind, Markus; Mathys, Patrick; Staehelin, Johannes
    The spatial variability of different fractions of particulate matter (PM) was investigated in the city of Basel, Switzerland, based on measurements performed throughout 1997 with a mobile monitoring station at six sites and permanently recorded measurements from a fixed site. Additionally, PM10 measurements from the following year, which were concurrently recorded at two urban and two rural sites, were compared. Generally, the spatial variability of PM4, PM10, and total suspended particulates (TSP) within this Swiss urban environment (area = 36 km2) was rather limited. With the exception of one site in a street canyon next to a traffic light, traffic density had only a weak tendency to increase the levels of PM. Mean PM10 concentration at six sites with different traffic densities was in the range of less than ±10% of the mean urban PM10 level. However, comparing the mean PM levels on workdays to that on weekends indicated that the impact of human activities, including traffic, on ambient PM levels may be considerable. Differences in the daily PM10 concentrations between urban and more elevated rural sites were strongly influenced by the stability of the atmosphere. In summer, when no persistent surface inversions exist, differences between urban and rural sites were rather small. It can therefore be concluded that spatial variability of annual mean PM concentration between urban and rural sites in the Basel area may more likely be caused by varying altitude than by distance to the city center.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    Temporal and spatial variation of the chemical composition of PM10 at urban and rural sites in the Basel area, Switzerland
    (Elsevier, 2001) Röösli, M; Theis, G; Künzli, N; Staehelin, J; Mathys, P; Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Camenzind, M; Braun-Fahrländer, Ch
    Particulate matter measurements of di!erent size fractions (PM , PM , TSP) were performed in the Basel area (Switzerland) at seven urban sites throughout 1997 and at two urban and two rural sites during the following year (April 1998 May 1999). Based on a sample of "lters which was chemically analyzed, we investigated the chemical composition of PM both within the city of Basel and among urban and rural sites. The temporal and spatial variability of the chemical composition of PM was evaluated taking into account additional data frommeteorology and further air pollutants. The chemical analyses of PM showed that carbonaceous substances (elemental carbon, organic matter) and inorganic substances of secondary origin such as sulfate, nitrate and ammonium were the most abundant component of PM in the Basel area (approximately 60}70%). Di!erence in the PM concentration between urban and rural sites was larger during the cold season than during the warmseason. This was mainly due to the presence of an inversion layer between the city and the more elevated rural sites resulting in higher concentrations of nitrate, ammonium and organic matter in the city during the cold season. The higher PM concentration on workdays compared to weekends was mostly a result of the temporal variation of the concentration of Ca, elemental carbon, Ti, Mn, and Fe, indicating that these compounds are for the most part caused by regional human activities. Although total PM mass concentration was found to be in general uniformly distributed within the city of Basel, the chemical composition was more variable due to specific sources like road trafic and other anthropogenic emissions.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    Comparison of Black Smoke and PM2.5 Levels in Indoor and Outdoor Environments of Four European Cities
    (American Chemical Society, 2002) Götschi, Thomas; Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Mathys, Patrick; Monn, Christian; Manalis, Nikos; Koistinen, Kimmo; Jantunen, Matti; Hänninen, Otto; Polanska, Liba; Künzli, Nino
    Recent studies on separated particle-size fractions highlight the health significance of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), but gravimetric methods do not identify specific particle sources. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contain elemental carbon (EC), the dominant light-absorbing substance in the atmosphere. Black smoke (BS) is a measure for light absorption of PM and, thus, an alternative way to estimating EC concentrations, which may serve as a proxy for diesel exhaust emissions. We analyzed PM2.5 and BS data collected within the EXPOLIS study (Air Pollution Exposure Distribution within Adult Urban Populations in Europe) in Athens, Basel, Helsinki, and Prague. 186 indoor/outdoor filter pairs were sampled and analyzed. PM2.5 and BS levels were lowest in Helsinki, moderate in Basel, and remarkably higher in Athens and Prague. In each city, Spearman correlation coefficients of indoor versus outdoor were higher for BS (range rSpearman:  0.57−0.86) than for PM2.5 (0.05−0.69). In a BS linear regression model (all data), outdoor levels explained clearly more of indoor variation (86%) than in the corresponding PM2.5 model (59%). In conclusion, ambient BS seizes a health-relevant fraction of fine particles to which people are exposed indoors and outdoors and exposure to which can be assessed by monitoring outdoor concentrations. BS measured on PM2.5 filters can be recommended as a valid and cheap additional indicator in studies on combustion-related air pollution and health.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Personal exposures to NO2 in the EXPOLIS-study: relation to residential indoor, outdoor and workplace concentrations in Basel, Helsinki and Prague
    (Elsevier, 2001) Kousa, Anu; Monn, Christian; Rotko, Tuulia; Alm, Sari; Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Jantunen, Matti J
    Personal exposures, residential indoor, outdoor and workplace levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were measured for 262 urban adult (25–55 years) participants in three EXPOLIS centres (Basel; Switzerland, Helsinki; Finland, and Prague; Czech Republic) using passive samplers for 48-h sampling periods during 1996–1997. The average residential outdoor and indoor NO2 levels were lowest in Helsinki (24 12 and18 11 mgm 3, respectively), highest in Prague (61 20 and43 23 mgm 3), with Basel in between (36 13 and27 13 mgm 3). Average workplace NO2 levels, however, were highest in Basel (36 24 mgm 3), lowest in Helsinki (27 15 mgm 3), with Prague in between (30 18 mgm 3). A time-weightedmicroenvironmental exposure model explained74% of the personal NO2 exposure variation in all centres and in average 88% of the exposures. Log-linear regression models, using residential outdoor measurements (fixedsite monitoring) combinedwith residential andwork characteristics (i.e. work location, using gas appliances and keeping windows open), explained48% (37%) of the personal NO2 exposure variation. Regression models based on ambient fixed site concentrations alone explained only 11–19% of personal NO2 exposure variation. Thus, ambient fixedsite monitoring alone was a poor predictor for personal NO2 exposure variation, but adding personal questionnaire information can significantly improve the predicting power.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
  • Kein Vorschaubild vorhanden
    Publikation
    Determinants of perceived air pollution annoyance and association between annoyance scores and air pollution (PM2.5, NO2) concentrations in the European EXPOLIS study
    (Elsevier, 2002) Rotko, Tuulia; Bayer-Oglesby, Lucy; Künzli, Nino; Carrer, Paolo; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J; Jantunen, Matti
    Apart from its traditionally considered objective impacts on health, air pollution can also have perceived effects, such as annoyance. The psychological effects of air pollution may often be more important to well-being than the biophysical effects. Health effects of perceived annoyance from air pollution are so far unknown. More knowledge of air pollution annoyance levels, determinants and also associations with different air pollution components is needed. In the European air pollution exposure study, EXPOLIS, the air pollution annoyance as perceived at home, workplace and in traffic were surveyed among other study objectives. Overall 1736 randomly drawn 25–55-yr-old subjects participated in six cities (Athens, Basel, Milan, Oxford, Prague and Helsinki). Levels and predictors of individual perceived annoyances from air pollution were assessed. Instead of the usual air pollution concentrations at fixed monitoring sites, this paper compares the measured microenvironment concentrations and personal exposures of PM2.5 and NO2 to the perceived annoyance levels. A considerable proportion of the adults surveyed was annoyed by air pollution. Female gender, self-reported respiratory symptoms, downtown living and self-reported sensitivity to air pollution were directly associated with high air pollution annoyance score while in traffic, but smoking status, age or education level were not significantly associated. Population level annoyance averages correlated with the city average exposure levels of PM2.5 and NO2. A high correlation was observed between the personal 48-h PM2.5 exposure and perceived annoyance at home as well as between the mean annoyance at work and both the average work indoor PM2.5 and the personal work time PM2.5 exposure. With the other significant determinants (gender, city code, home location) and home outdoor levels the model explained 14% (PM2.5) and 19% (NO2) of the variation in perceived air pollution annoyance in traffic. Compared to Helsinki, in Basel and Prague the adult participants were more annoyed by air pollution while in traffic even after taking the current home outdoor PM2.5 and NO2 levels into account.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift