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17 Ergebnisse
Ergebnisse nach Hochschule und Institut
Publikation Do great apes refer to a tube as a causal device?(07/2008) Cacchione, Trix; Bertin, Evelyn06 - PräsentationPublikation Nine-months-old infants prefer Picasso over Monet(07/2008) Cacchione, Trix; Bertin, Evelyn06 - PräsentationPublikation Infants’ discriminatory abilities in the visual arts(08/2009) Möhring, Wenke; Cacchione, Trix; Bertin, Evelyn06 - PräsentationPublikation Die Welt erkunden: Wie kleine Kinder wahrnehmen(2006) Bertin, Evelyn; Cacchione, Trix; Wilkening, Friedrich01B - Beitrag in Magazin oder ZeitungPublikation Object perception in infancy: Capacity and nature of visual short-term memory(VDM, 2008) Bertin, Evelyn02 - MonographiePublikation Discrepancy detection and developmental changes in attentional engagement in infancy(Elsevier, 1999) Bhatt, Ramesh S; Bertin, Evelyn; Gilbert, JaimeThe processing of discrepancies in visual arrays is fundamental to basic visual processes such as figure-ground segregation and object recognition. In six experiments, we examined this function in 3- and 5.5-month-olds. In Experiment 1, 5.5-month-olds detected a textural discrepancy induced by changes in individual color and shape features but not one induced by changes in relations among these features. These results suggest that, in infancy, as in adulthood, there are differences in the processes that detect featural discrepancies versus those that detect discrepancies in relations among features. Experiments 2, 3A, and 3B suggested that, unlike in the case of 3-month-olds in prior studies, textural and singleton discrepancies in arrays that 5.5-month-olds detect do not hold their attention in the presence of other attention-seeking cues. A comparison of the performance of 3- and 5.5-month-olds in Experiments 4A and 4B confirmed the presence of this developmental change. Altogether, these results indicate that infants’ detection of color and shape textural discrepancies is consistent with models of adult visual processing that posit a preattentive system for processing features and a resource-demanding attentional system for processing relations among features. They also suggest that the ability to disengage attention from a discrepancy and deploy it at another location develops between 3 and 5.5 months of age.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Pictorial cues and three-dimensional information processing in early infancy(Elsevier, 12/2001) Bhatt, Ramesh S.; Bertin, EvelynAdults derive 3-D information from 2-D images by initially processing local line junction cues and then combining information from many junctions. Prior research indicates that 3-month-olds are sensitive to 3-D cues in individual line junctions. In Experiment 1, we examined whether infants are sensitive to holistic combinations of line junctions that adults use to derive overall 3-D structure. Infants detected a misoriented shape in an array depicting 3-D blocks but not in 2-D patterns that contained all of the trilinear junctions of the 3-D shapes but without the connecting lines. Thus, like adults, infants exhibited sensitivity to holistic combinations of line junctions rather than to individual junctions. In Experiment 2, when confronted with two test patterns, one containing an individual novel element among 15 familiar elements and the other containing a single familiar element among 15 novel elements, infants preferred to look at the former pattern in the 3-D condition but at the latter pattern in the 2-D condition. Thus, akin to pop-out in adults, discrepancies in 3-D cues selectively engaged infants' attention. These results suggest that 3-month-olds are not only sensitive to holistic combinations of line junctions that adults use to derive 3-D information but also selectively attend to these 3-D cues in static images. s01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Dissociations between featural versus conjunction-based texture processing in infancy: analyses of three potential contributing factors(Elsevier, 03/2001) Bertin, Evelyn; Bhatt, Ramesh S.Many models of object perception posit that adults encode individual features in visual scenes before processing the conjunction relations among these features to generate holistic representations. Prior research suggests that infants detect textural discrepancies based on individual features more readily than those based on feature conjunctions. While these results suggest adult-like qualitative differences in infants' processing of features versus conjunctions, there are potential alternative explanations. We examined three such explanations: (1) failure to process one of the features that constitute the conjunction, (2) failure to encode and remember conjunction information that is necessary to detect conjunction-based textural discrepancies, and (3) the fact that conjunction-based discrepancies involve stimuli that are more similar to original stimuli than those involving feature-based discrepancies. None of these factors could explain 5.5-month-olds' superior processing of featural than conjunction-based textural discrepancies. Thus, in infancy, as in adulthood, features and conjunction relations appear to be processed by qualitatively different mechanisms.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Figural goodness, stimulus heterogeneity, similarity and object segregation in infancy(Wiley, 21.12.2001) Bertin, Evelyn; Bhatt, Ramesh S.The segregation of objects from other objects in visual arrays is a fundamental function of our visual system. Research suggests that adults’ detection of a target among nontargets is affected by the heterogeneity of array elements and the resulting changes in target–nontarget and nontarget–nontarget similarities. We examined the effects of heterogeneity and similarity on object segregation in infancy. In Experiment 1, 5.5-month-olds detected a misoriented element in an array when the array elements were spatially arranged in a ‘good’ configuration but not when they were arranged in a ‘poor’ configuration. In Experiment 2, infants detected a vertical line in a homogeneous array of 55° or 125° lines, but failed to do so in a heterogeneous array of 55° and 125° lines. Thus, heterogeneity in both the arrangement and identity of array elements affected infants’ discrepancy detection. Because the average target–nontarget similarity was the same in the two conditions of Experiment 2, the results also indicated that nontarget–nontarget similarity independently affects discrepancy detection in infancy. These results are consistent with models of object segregation by adults, and suggest that stimulus heterogeneity and similarity have analogous effects on object segregation at 5.5 months of age and in adulthood.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Contribution of facial and vocal cues in the still-face response of 4-month-old infants(Elsevier, 12/2004) Striano, Tricia; Bertin, EvelynThe contribution of contingent facial and vocal information in the still-face effect was investigated. Four-month-old infants either saw and heard their mother, only saw their mother, or only heard their mother interacting with them. These interaction periods were followed by the cessation of the mother's interactive face and/or voice. Only infants who observed their mother's face become still and neutral, showed a still-face effect by decreasing their visual attention and positive affect. The findings provide further support that the mother's interactive voice does not contribute to the still-face effect. The developing sensitivity to vocal information in dyadic and triadic contexts is discussed.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift