Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW
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Bereich: Suchergebnisse
Publikation Dilemmakompetenz. Schwierige Entscheidungen schaffen, ohne von ihnen geschafft zu werden(edition FFAS, 2024) Küllenberg, Janna; Stößel, Ulrich; Reschauer, Georg; Michaelis, Martina04B - Beitrag KonferenzschriftPublikation Managers perception of hospital employees’ effort-reward imbalance(BioMed Central, 2023) Heming, Meike; Siegrist, Johannes; Erschens, Rebecca; Genrich, Melanie; Hander, Nicole R.; Junne, Florian; Küllenberg, Janna; Müller, Andreas; Worringer, Britta; Angerer, PeterAbstract Objective Hospitals are frequently associated with poor working conditions that can lead to work stress and increase the risk for reduced employee well-being. Managers can shape and improve working conditions and thereby, the health of their teams. Thus, as a prerequisite, managers need to be aware of their employees’ stress levels. This study had two objectives: At first, it aimed to test the criterion validity of the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire measuring psychosocial workload in hospital employees. Secondly, mean scales of the ERI questionnaire filled in by employees were compared with mean scales of an adapted ERI questionnaire, in which managers assessed working conditions of their employees. Methods Managers (n = 141) from three hospitals located in Germany assessed working conditions of their employees with an adapted external, other-oriented questionnaire. Employees (n = 197) of the mentioned hospitals completed the short version of the ERI questionnaire to assess their working conditions. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were applied to test factorial validity, using the ERI scales for the two study groups. Criterion validity was assessed with multiple linear regression analysis of associations between ERI scales and well-being among employees. Results The questionnaires demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency of scales, although some indices of model fit resulting from CFA were of borderline significance. Concerning the first objective, effort, reward, and the ratio of effort-reward imbalance were significantly associated with well-being of employees. With regard to the second objective, first tentative findings showed that managers’ ratings of their employees’ effort at work was quite accurate, whereas their reward was overestimated. Conclusions With its documented criterion validity the ERI questionnaire can be used as a screening tool of workload among hospital employees. Moreover, in the context of work-related health promotion, managers’ perceptions of their employees’ workload deserve increased attention as first findings point to some discrepancies between their perceptions and those provided by employees.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Mental health in the workplace hospital – results of the RCT “SEEGEN”(Karger, 2024) Hander, Nicole R.; Klein, Thomas; Mulfinger, Nadine; Jarczok, Marc; Rieger, Monika A.; Junne, Florian; Erschens, Rebecca; Maatouk, Imad; Küllenberg, Janna; Ruhle, Sascha; Süß, Stefan; Puschner, Bernd; Sander, Anja; Müller, Andreas; Angerer, Peter; Gündel, Harald; Rothermund, EvaAbstracts of the 27th ICPM World Congress in Tübingen September 202401A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Insights on the current state and future outlook of AI in health care: expert interview study(JMIR Publications, 2023) Hummelsberger, Pia; Koch, Timo K.; Rauh, Sabrina; Dorn, Julia; Lermer, Eva; Raue, Martina; Hudecek, Matthias; Schicho, Andreas; Colak, Errol; Ghassemi, Marzyeh; Gaube, SusanneBackground Artificial intelligence (AI) is often promoted as a potential solution for many challenges health care systems face worldwide. However, its implementation in clinical practice lags behind its technological development. Objective This study aims to gain insights into the current state and prospects of AI technology from the stakeholders most directly involved in its adoption in the health care sector whose perspectives have received limited attention in research to date. Methods For this purpose, the perspectives of AI researchers and health care IT professionals in North America and Western Europe were collected and compared for profession-specific and regional differences. In this preregistered, mixed methods, cross-sectional study, 23 experts were interviewed using a semistructured guide. Data from the interviews were analyzed using deductive and inductive qualitative methods for the thematic analysis along with topic modeling to identify latent topics. Results Through our thematic analysis, four major categories emerged: (1) the current state of AI systems in health care, (2) the criteria and requirements for implementing AI systems in health care, (3) the challenges in implementing AI systems in health care, and (4) the prospects of the technology. Experts discussed the capabilities and limitations of current AI systems in health care in addition to their prevalence and regional differences. Several criteria and requirements deemed necessary for the successful implementation of AI systems were identified, including the technology’s performance and security, smooth system integration and human-AI interaction, costs, stakeholder involvement, and employee training. However, regulatory, logistical, and technical issues were identified as the most critical barriers to an effective technology implementation process. In the future, our experts predicted both various threats and many opportunities related to AI technology in the health care sector. Conclusions Our work provides new insights into the current state, criteria, challenges, and outlook for implementing AI technology in health care from the perspective of AI researchers and IT professionals in North America and Western Europe. For the full potential of AI-enabled technologies to be exploited and for them to contribute to solving current health care challenges, critical implementation criteria must be met, and all groups involved in the process must work together.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Non-task expert physicians benefit from correct explainable AI advice when reviewing X-rays(Nature, 2023) Gaube, Susanne; Suresh, Harini; Raue, Martina; Lermer, Eva; Koch, Timo K.; Hudecek, Matthias; Ackery, Alun D.; Grover, Samir C.; Coughlin, Joseph F.; Frey, Dieter; Kitamura, Felipe C.; Ghassemi, Marzyeh; Colak, ErrolArtificial intelligence (AI)-generated clinical advice is becoming more prevalent in healthcare. However, the impact of AI-generated advice on physicians’ decision-making is underexplored. In this study, physicians received X-rays with correct diagnostic advice and were asked to make a diagnosis, rate the advice’s quality, and judge their own confidence. We manipulated whether the advice came with or without a visual annotation on the X-rays, and whether it was labeled as coming from an AI or a human radiologist. Overall, receiving annotated advice from an AI resulted in the highest diagnostic accuracy. Physicians rated the quality of AI advice higher than human advice. We did not find a strong effect of either manipulation on participants’ confidence. The magnitude of the effects varied between task experts and non-task experts, with the latter benefiting considerably from correct explainable AI advice. These findings raise important considerations for the deployment of diagnostic advice in healthcare.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Schichtübergabe in der chirurgischen Intensivstation. Ein Safety-II Ansatz zur Entwicklung eines neuen Instruments zur Unterstützung von Pflegenden(Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW, 05.09.2024) Zinsli, Patrick; Wäfler, Toni; Kantonsspital St. GallenSchichtwechsel von Pflegenden zu Pflegenden stellen besonders in Intensivstationen eine Gefahr für die Patient:innen Sicherheit dar. Strukturierte Abläufe können diese Gefahr mindern. Eine Möglichkeit, den Schichtwechsel strukturierter zu gestalten, ist die Verwendung einer Checkliste. Die Entwicklung praxisfähiger Checklisten ist jedoch eine Herausforderung, insbesondere im heutigen klinischen Um-feld, das durch hohen Arbeitsdruck und komplexe Abläufe gekennzeichnet ist. Um diesen Anforderun-gen zu begegnen, wurde in dieser Arbeit ein Safety-II-Ansatz verfolgt, bei dem eine Checkliste mittels der Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) entwickelt wurde. Die entwickelte Checkliste be-rücksichtigt verschiedene Aspekte wie die eigene Pflegeplanung, einen vereinfachten und individuel-len Ablauf, Unterstützung bei Störungen und die Überprüfung der Identität der Patient:innen. Die Checkliste wurde zudem im Rahmen einer «Room of Improvement»-Simulationsstudie getestet. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Checkliste eine solide Grundlage geschaffen hat, jedoch noch weitere Anpassungen notwendig sind, um eine optimale Integration in den klinischen Alltag zu gewährleisten und die Patient:innen Sicherheit nachhaltig zu verbessern.11 - Studentische ArbeitPublikation TEAMs go VR - validating the TEAM in a virtual reality (VR) medical team training(BioMed Central, 2024) Wespi, Rafael; Schwendimann, Lukas; Neher, Andrea; Birrenbach, Tanja; Schauber, Stefan K.; Manser, Tanja; Sauter, Thomas C.; Kämmer, Juliane E.Abstract Background Inadequate collaboration in healthcare can lead to medical errors, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary teamwork training. Virtual reality (VR) simulation-based training presents a promising, cost-effective approach. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) for assessing healthcare student teams in VR environments to improve training methodologies. Methods Forty-two medical and nursing students participated in a VR-based neurological emergency scenario as part of an interprofessional team training program. Their performances were assessed using a modified TEAM tool by two trained coders. Reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity of the tool were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha. Results Rater agreement on TEAM’s leadership, teamwork, and task management domains was high, with ICC values between 0.75 and 0.90. Leadership demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.90), while teamwork and task management showed moderate to acceptable consistency (alpha = 0.78 and 0.72, respectively). Overall, the TEAM tool exhibited high internal consistency (alpha = 0.89) and strong concurrent validity with significant correlations to global performance ratings. Conclusion The TEAM tool proved to be a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating team dynamics in VR-based training scenarios. This study highlights VR’s potential in enhancing medical education, especially in remote or distanced learning contexts. It demonstrates a dependable approach for team performance assessment, adding value to VR-based medical training. These findings pave the way for more effective, accessible interdisciplinary team assessments, contributing significantly to the advancement of medical education.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Video analysis of real‐life shoulder dystocia to assess technical and non‐technical performance(Wiley, 2024) Roed Hjorth‐Hansen, Kristiane; Rosvig, Lena; Hvidman, Lone; Kierkegaard, Ole; Uldbjerg, Niels; Manser, Tanja; Brogaard, LiseIntroduction Managing obstetric shoulder dystocia requires swift action using correct maneuvers. However, knowledge of obstetric teams' performance during management of real‐life shoulder dystocia is limited, and the impact of non‐technical skills has not been adequately evaluated. We aimed to analyze videos of teams managing real‐life shoulder dystocia to identify clinical challenges associated with correct management and particular non‐technical skills correlated with high technical performance. Material and Methods We included 17 videos depicting teams managing shoulder dystocia in two Danish delivery wards, where deliveries were initially handled by midwives, and consultants were available for complications. Delivery rooms contained two or three cameras activated by Bluetooth upon obstetrician entry. Videos were captured 5 min before and after activation. Two obstetricians assessed the videos; technical performances were scored as low (0–59), average (60–84), or high (85–100). Two other assessors evaluated non‐technical skills using the Global Assessment of Team Performance checklist, scoring 6 (poor) to 30 (excellent). We used a spline regression model to explore associations between these two score sets. Inter‐rater agreement was assessed using interclass correlation coefficients. Results Interclass correlation coefficients were 0.71 (95% confidence interval 0.23–0.89) and 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.52–0.94) for clinical and non‐technical performances, respectively. Two teams had low technical performance scores; four teams achieved high scores. Teams adhered well to guidelines, demonstrating limited head traction, McRoberts maneuver, and internal rotation maneuvers. Several clinical skills posed challenges, notably recognizing shoulder impaction, applying suprapubic pressure, and discouraging women from pushing. Two non‐technical skills were associated with high technical performance: effective patient communication, with teams calming the mother and guiding her collaboration during internal rotational maneuvers, and situation awareness, where teams promptly mobilized all essential personnel (senior midwife, consultant, pediatric team). Team communication, stress management, and task management skills were not associated with high technical performance. Conclusions Videos capturing teams managing real‐life shoulder dystocia are an effective tool to reveal challenges with certain technical and non‐technical skills. Teams with high technical performance are associated with effective patient communication and situational awareness. Future training should include technical skills and non‐technical skills, patient communication, and situation awareness.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Exploring differences in patient participation in simulated emergency cases in co-located and distributed rural emergency teams – an observational study with a randomized cross-over design(BioMed Central, 15.07.2024) Dubois, Hanna; Manser, Tanja; Häbel, Henrike; Härgestam, Maria; Creutzfeldt, JohanAbstract Background In northern rural Sweden, telemedicine is used to improve access to healthcare and to provide patient-centered care. In emergency care during on-call hours, video-conference systems are used to connect the physicians to the rest of the team – creating ‘distributed teams’. Patient participation is a core competency for healthcare professionals. Knowledge about how distributed teamwork affects patient participation is missing. The aim was to investigate if and how teamwork affecting patient participation, as well as clinicians’ perceptions regarding shared decision-making differ between co-located and distributed emergency teams. Methods In an observational study with a randomized cross-over design, healthcare professionals (n = 51) participated in authentic teams (n = 17) in two scripted simulated emergency scenarios with a standardized patient: one as a co-located team and the other as a distributed team. Team performances were filmed and observed by independent raters using the PIC-ET tool to rate patient participation behavior. The participants individually filled out the Dyadic OPTION questionnaire after the respective scenarios to measure perceptions of shared decision-making. Scores in both instruments were translated to percentage of a maximum score. The observational data between the two settings were compared using linear mixed-effects regression models and the self-reported questionnaire data were compared using one-way ANOVA. Neither the participants nor the observers were blinded to the allocations. Results A significant difference in observer rated overall patient participation behavior was found, mean 51.1 (± 11.5) % for the co-located teams vs 44.7 (± 8.6) % for the distributed teams (p = 0.02). In the PIC-ET tool category ‘Sharing power’, the scores decreased from 14.4 (± 12.4) % in the co-located teams to 2 (± 4.4) % in the distributed teams (p = 0.001). Co-located teams scored in mean 60.5% (± 14.4) when self-assessing shared decision-making, vs 55.8% (± 15.1) in the distributed teams (p = 0.03). Conclusions Team behavior enabling patient participation was found decreased in distributed teams, especially regarding sharing power with the patient. This finding was also mirrored in the self-assessments of the healthcare professionals. This study highlights the risk of an increased power asymmetry between patients and distributed emergency teams and can serve as a basis for further research, education, and quality improvement.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Regionale Netzwerke als Förderer der Resilienz in Organisationen: Das Beispiel Arkadis(18.09.2024) Krause, Andreas; Cotichini, Mario; Kracunovic, EminaIn der Schweiz entstehen regionale BGM-Foren mit Unterstützung von Gesundheitsförderung Schweiz. Beim Forum BGM Bern-Solothurn engagieren sich mehrere Träger wie Mobiliar, Suva, Axa, Artisana und FHNW mit Angeboten zur Gesundheitsförderung. So unterstützt die Mobiliar seit 2 Jahren die Stiftung Arkadis, um u.a. die Resilienz der Mitarbeitenden zu stärken. Durch eine Schulungsreihe wurden die Widerstandskräfte gestärkt, um schwierige Situationen zu bewältigen und persönlich zu wachsen. Der Fokus des Beitrags liegt auf den Erfahrungen der Stiftung Arkadis: Warum wurde Resilienz als Schwerpunkt gewählt? Wie erfolgte die Umsetzung? Wie wurde Resilienz in den Betrieb und dessen Kultur integriert? Welche Erkenntnisse können andere Unternehmen daraus ziehen? Anhand einer praktischen Übung wird exemplarisch aufgezeigt, wie an einem Resilienzfaktor gearbeitet werden kann. Der Workshop schliesst mit einem Ausblick darauf, wie regionale Netzwerke dazu beitragen, die Resilienz zu stärken.06 - Präsentation
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