Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW
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Publikation Eating green. Consumers’ willingness to adopt ecological food consumption behaviors(Elsevier, 12/2011) Tobler, Christina; Visschers, Vivianne; Siegrist, MichaelFood consumption is associated with various environmental impacts, and consumers’ food choices therefore represent important environmental decisions. In a large-scale survey, we examined consumers’ beliefs about ecological food consumption and their willingness to adopt such behaviors. Additionally, we investigated in more detail how different motives and food-related attitudes influenced consumers’ willingness to reduce meat consumption and to buy seasonal fruits and vegetables. We found consumers believed avoiding excessive packaging had the strongest impact on the environment, whereas they rated purchasing organic food and reducing meat consumption as least environmentally beneficial. Similarly, respondents appeared to be most unwilling to reduce meat consumption and purchase organic food. Taste and environmental motives influenced consumers’ willingness to eat seasonal fruits and vegetables, whereas preparedness to reduce meat consumption was influenced by health and ethical motives. Women and respondents who preferred natural foods were more willing to adopt ecological food consumption patterns.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Consumers’ knowledge about climate change(Springer, 11.01.2012) Tobler, Christina; Visschers, Vivianne; Siegrist, MichaelSeveral studies have unveiled various misconceptions about climate change that the public holds, for instance, confusion about climate change and ozone depletion. However, so far, there has been no uniform and standardized way to measure climate-related knowledge, which complicates comparisons between different countries or samples. To develop an extensive knowledge scale, we therefore examined the Swiss public’s understanding of climate change in a mail survey and related this scale to attitudes toward climate change. We thereby aimed to consider a broad range of climate-related knowledge, namely physical knowledge about CO2 and the greenhouse effect, knowledge about climate change and its causes, knowledge about the expected consequences of climate change, and action-related knowledge. The questionnaire included items of different degrees of difficulty, ranging from knowledge that is covered by newspapers to experts’ knowledge. Our findings indicate that people still hold several misconceptions, although people’s knowledge related to CO2 seems to have increased compared to previous studies. Of all knowledge subscales, knowledge about climate change and causes was most strongly related to attitudes toward climate change.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Addressing climate change: Determinants of consumers' willingness to act and to support policy measures(Elsevier, 09/2012) Tobler, Christina; Visschers, Vivianne; Siegrist, MichaelConsumers influence climate change through their consumption patterns and their support or dismissal of climate mitigation policy measures. Both climate-friendly actions and policy support comprise a broad range of options, which vary in manifold ways and, therefore, might be influenced by different factors. The aims of the study were, therefore, two-fold: first, we intended to find a meaningful way to classify different ways of addressing climate change. Second, we aimed to examine which determinants influence people's willingness to engage in these behaviors. We conducted a large-scale mail survey in Switzerland in which respondents rated, among other items, their willingness to act or support a range of possible actions and mitigations measures. A principal component analysis indicated that a distinction in terms of a behavior's directness as well as a differentiation according to perceived costs seem to be appropriate to classify climate-friendly actions. Multiple regression analyses showed that perceived costs and perceived climate benefit turned out to be the strongest predictors for willingness to act or to support climate policy measures. The strong influence of perceived climate benefit might reflect a strategy of reducing cognitive dissonance. As high-cost behaviors are more difficult to adopt, consumers may reduce dissonance by dismissing high-cost behaviors as not effective in terms of climate mitigation. Political affiliation proved to be another strong determinant of willingness to act or support. Participants on the right wing were less willing to show indirect climate-friendly behaviors, change their mobility behaviors, and to support any type of climate mitigation policy measures. Climate-friendly low-cost behaviors, however, were not influenced by political affiliation.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Konsumverhalten und Förderung des umweltverträglichen Konsums. Bericht im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Umwelt BAFU(Consumer Behavior, ETH Zürich, 18.08.2010) Visschers, Vivianne; Tobler, Christina; Cousin, Marie-Eve; Brunner, Thomas; Orlow, Pascale; Siegrist, MichaelDer Bericht fasst das derzeitige Wissen zu Konsumverhalten und der Förderung des umweltverträglichen Konsums zusammen. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, für zukünftige Kommunikationsaktionen erfolgversprechende Ansatzpunkte und Kommunikationsstrategien aufzuzeigen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf individuellen Entscheidungen von Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten. In einem ersten Teil werden die wichtigsten psychologischen Modelle zu Konsumverhalten und Verhaltensänderungen erläutert. Anschliessend wird eine mögliche Segmentierung der Schweizer Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten diskutiert. Dabei wird auf die Determinanten des ökologischen Konsumentenverhaltens bezüglich vier verschiedener Bereiche, nämlich Mobilität, Wohnen, Lebensmittel, Konsumgüter und Dienstleistungen, eingegangen. Zudem werden verschiedenen Möglichkeiten für Umweltkampagnen, deren Entwicklung und Evaluation vorgestellt. Schliesslich werden Faktoren, die für Erfolg und Misserfolg von Kampagnen verantwortlich sein können, analysiert.05 - Forschungs- oder ArbeitsberichtPublikation Organic tomatoes versus canned beans: How do consumers assess the Environmental Friendliness of Vegetables?(SAGE, 09.01.2011) Tobler, Christina; Visschers, Vivianne; Siegrist, MichaelThe assessment of a food product’s environmental friendliness is highly challenging for consumers because such an assessment requires the consideration of various product characteristics. Furthermore, products often show conflicting features. This study uses a choice task and a questionnaire to examine how consumers judge the environmental friendliness of several vegetables. The consumers’ assessment is compared with life cycle assessment (LCA) results, which represent the overall environmental impact of a product throughout its lifespan. In contrast to the LCA, consumers consider transportation distance rather than transportation mode and perceive organic production as very relevant for the environmental friendliness. Furthermore, consumers assess the environmental impact of packaging and conservation as more important than the LCA results show. Findings also suggest the current product information for vegetables is insufficient for judging their environmental friendliness. Implications for information campaigns and ecological food labeling are discussed.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Knowledge, social influences, perceived risks and benefits, and cultural values explain the public's decisions related to prudent antibiotic use(Wiley, 2022) Visschers, Vivianne; Feck, Vanessa; Herrmann, AnnePeople should use antibiotics (AB) prudently to mitigate antibiotic resistance (ABR). Previous studies—and, subsequently, interventions—on ABR have focused mainly on improving public awareness and knowledge. We investigated a comprehensive theory-based explanatory model to understand the public's decision making regarding prudent AB use, based on, among others, the theory of planned behavior. In a cross-sectional online survey, the psychological determinants of people's decisions about prudent AB use were examined in a sample of 1,228 Swiss adults. The questionnaire assessed respondents’ demand for AB, willingness to adopt measures that prevent the need for AB, perceived risks of ABR, perceived benefits of AB, attitudes and social influences regarding AB, knowledge of AB and ABR, and cultural values. Mokken scale analysis revealed three types of knowledge: knowledge of the functioning of AB, of ABR, and of preventive measures. Structural equation modeling indicated that respondents’ demand for AB was mostly predicted by social influences, perceived benefits of AB, and knowledge of AB functioning. Willingness to prevent AB use was mainly related to conservative values, perceived risks of ABR, negative attitudes toward AB, and knowledge of preventive measures. Our study suggests that the provision of information about AB and preventive measures is a first step toward changing people's decisions related to prudent AB use. Future interventions that additionally utilize cultural values to convey important messages and target additional factors, such as social influences, the risks of ABR, and the benefits of cautious AB use, can be more successful in promoting prudent AB use.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher ZeitschriftPublikation Newsletter. Forschungsprojekt «Intervention zur Risikoreduktion der multiplen antimikrobiellen Übertragungswege». Jahr 1(Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW, 04/2018) Visschers, Vivianne; Freivogel, Claudia; Lechner, Isabel; Stärk, Katharina D. C.Es freut uns, Ihnen den ersten Newsletter zum Forschungsprojekt «Entwicklung einer evidenz-basierten Intervention für Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten zur Risikoreduktion der multiplen antimikrobiellen Übertragungswege» zu schicken. Mittels diesem jährlich- erscheinenden Newsletter möchten wir Sie über den Stand des Projektes, wichtige Erkenntnisse und Wissenstransferaktivitäten informieren. Im heutigen Newsletter geht es um folgende drei Themen: eine kurze Vorstellung des Projektes und deren Beteiligten, die bisherigen und bevorstehenden Forschungsaktivitäten und die Rolle der Begleitgruppe.05 - Forschungs- oder ArbeitsberichtPublikation Consumer interventions to reduce risk of AMR transmission – Ensuring safe food handling(27.05.2021) Visschers, Vivianne; Freivogel, Claudia; Lechner, Isabel; Schuppers, Manon06 - PräsentationPublikation Die Übertragung resistenter Bakterien von Lebensmitteln auf Menschen reduzieren(06/2012) Visschers, Vivianne; Freivogel, ClaudiaImmer mehr antimikrobielle Substanzen (z.B. Antibiotika) sind bei der Behandlung von verschiedensten Infektionskrankheiten unwirksam. Die Ursache sind antimikrobiell resistente Bakterien, welche der Wirkung von diesen Substanzen widerstehen. Seit 2017 wird im Rahmen des Nationalen Forschungsprogramms «Antimikrobielle Resistenzen» (NFP 72) nach Lösungen für dieses Problem gesucht. Forschende der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz und der Beratungsfirma SAFOSO haben im Rahmen des NFP 72 untersucht, wie Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten dazu stimuliert werden, die Übertragung resistenter Bakterien von Lebensmitteln auf Menschen zu reduzieren.01B - Beitrag in Magazin oder ZeitungPublikation Potential and challenges of community-based surveillance in animal health: A pilot study among equine owners in Switzerland(Frontiers, 2021) Özçelik, Ranya; Remy-Wohlfender, Franziska; Küker, Susanne; Visschers, Vivianne; Hadorn, Daniela; Dürr, SalomeAnimal owners' potential to observe and report clinical signs, as the persons with the closest contact to their animals, is an often neglected source of information in surveillance. Allowing community members other than health care professionals, such as animal owners, to report health events can contribute to close current surveillance gaps and enhance early detection. In the present study, we tested a community-based surveillance (CBS) approach in the equine community in Switzerland. We aimed at revealing the attitudes and intentions of equine owners toward reporting clinical signs by making use of an online questionnaire. We further set up and operated an online CBS tool, named Equi-Commun. Finally, we investigated potential reasons for the lack of its use by applying qualitative telephone interviews. The majority of the respondents of the online questionnaire (65.5%, 707/1,078) answered that they could see themselves reporting clinical observations of their equine. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that French-speaking equine owners and those belonging to the positive attitude cluster are more likely to report to a CBS tool. Equi-Commun operated between October 2018 and December 2019 yet received only four reports. With the addition of qualitative interviews, we identified three critical, interlinked issues that may have led to the non-use of Equi-Commun within the Swiss equine community: (1) for successfully implementing CBS, the need for surveillance within the community of interest must be given; (2) the respective population under surveillance, here the equine, needs to show enough clinical cases for owners to be able to maintain the memory of an existing tool and its possible use; and (3) targeted and high effort communication of the system is key for its success. While CBS relying only on lay animal owners, complementary to existing surveillance systems, could potentially provide a good proxy of timely surveillance data, it is questionable whether the added value of generated surveillance knowledge is in balance with efforts necessary to implement a successful system. With this study, we showcased both the potential and challenges of CBS in animal health, as this may be of relevance and guidance for future initiatives.01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift