Institute for Competitiveness and Communication

Dauerhafte URI für die Sammlunghttps://irf.fhnw.ch/handle/11654/62

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Ergebnisse nach Hochschule und Institut

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    Publikation
    Economic development in Mexico and the role of blockchain
    (Horizon Research, 2019) Zbinden, Fabian; Kondova, Galia
    This paper studies recent economic and political developments in Mexico and the potential role of blockchain technology in improving governance and fighting corruption in the country. Mexico badly needs innovative solutions to fight the persistent problems of corruption and inefficient governance. At the same time, blockchain, being a decentralized technology, promises to reduce administrative costs and ensure transparency in the public services. The paper takes stock of the current state of blockchain implementation in the economy and in the public administration of Mexico as well as studies the advantages and disadvantages related to the further outspread of the technology in the country. Moreover, the work aims at drawing policy recommendations as to the future role of blockchain in the public management and economic development in Mexico.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Evaluation der Datengrundlagen und der Datenaufbereitung für das Kostenmodell KOREG
    (Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW, 29.09.2023) Schoch, Tobias; Hulliger, Beat; Spasova, Tsvetana; Thees, Oscar
    Der Prüfbericht des Bundesamts für Gesundheit (BAG) zur Tarifstruktur TARDOC 1.0 und 1.1 hat kritische Punkte und Empfehlungen betreffend das Kostenmodell KOREG und die Erhebungsinstrumente Rollende Kostenstudie (RoKo, Ärztekasse) und Spartenbetriebsdauern (NAKO, NewIndex AG) ausgesprochen. Der vorliegende Bericht greift die kritischen Punkte und Empfehlungen auf und diskutiert diese aus einer methodisch/statistischen Perspektive. Die Kritikpunkte und Anmerkungen aus dem Prüfbericht lassen sich in zwei Gruppen aufteilen: (1) Forderung nach Herstellung vollständiger Transparenz; (2) Untersuchungen zu Repräsentativität (inkl. möglicher Verzerrungen infolge präfenzieller Nonresponse und selbst deklarierter Angaben). Der Forderung nach Herstellung von Transparenz kommt der vorliegende Bericht nach, indem er die Datenbearbeitung zur RoKo und NAKO reproduziert, untersucht und bewertet. Die Untersuchung zur "Repräsentativität" orientiert sich an einem Quality Framework zum Total Survey Error. Dieses Quality Framework ist in der Forschung zur Stichprobentheorie weit verbreitet und Teil des European Statistical Systems, dem auch die amtliche Statistik in der Schweiz untersteht. Das Framework stellt die Fitness-for-Use in den Vordergrund, um zu beurteilen, ob ein Schätzer oder eine Statistik sich in einem bestimmten Kontext für statistische Inferenz eignet. Die Beurteilung der Eignung ist kriterienbasiert. Die Orientierung an einem Quality Framework drängt sich auf, weil der Begriff der «Repräsentativität» --entgegen einer weitverbreiteten Meinung – kein Begriff aus der Stichprobentheorie darstellt und dessen Verwendung, legt man wissenschaftliche Kriterien zugrunde, ungenau und unnötig ist. RoKo und NAKO dienen – im Kontext der Einführung des TARDOC – als Erhebungsinstrumente, um Kenngrössen zu schätzen, die anschliessend für die Parametrisierung des Kostenmodells KOREG verwendet werden. Das Konzept der Fitness-for-Use wird im vorliegenden Kontext angewendet, um zu beurteilen, ob die geschätzten Mittelwerte zu den relevanten Variablen einen möglichst kleinen Mean Square Error (bezgl. des Total Survey Errors) besitzen. Das heisst, ob die Schätzer möglichst unverzerrt und effizient sind. Die Erhebungsinstrumente RoKo und NAKO sind, bezogen auf das Quality Framework (Total Survey Error), jeweils für sich genommen von ausreichender Qualität (für den angestrebten Zweck). Die Unterschiede zwischen den Instrumenten sind angesichts der Komplexität der zu erfassenden Phänomene gering. Beide Instrumente zielen im Wesentlichen auf die gleiche Grundgesamtheit ab und führen zu relativ geringen Abweichungen bei den Schlüsselindikatoren. Damit ist auch die Kombination der beiden Instrumente ein hinreichend valides Instrument. Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten bestehen immer. Die Antwortrate der Kantone ohne Teilnahmepflicht könnte durch eine Pflicht verbessert werden. Durch die Beteiligung der Zentralschweizer Kantone und des Kantons JU, die nicht an der RoKo partizipieren, könnte die schweizweite Abdeckung verbessert werden.
    05 - Forschungs- oder Arbeitsbericht
  • Vorschaubild
    Publikation
    Demerged multinational enterprises: a study of post-demerger international strategies
    (Inderscience, 2020) Merkestein, Wouter; Lindeque, Johan Paul
    Demerged Multinational Enterprises (DMNEs) that emerge with an independent corporate status after a demerger from a parent multinational enterprise (MNE) are unique firms with a great variety of post-demerger strengths, weaknesses and international strategic responses. This paper adopts a firm-level internalisation theory approach to MNE strategy to empirically explore the characteristics and post-demerger strategies of four focal case DMNEs. Five years of post-demerger data from annual accounts, newspaper articles and databases were analysed. Analysis of the strategic responses of the four DMNEs has allowed a typology that distinguishes four DMNE types to be proposed. This typology explains the international strategies of DMNEs by the degree of post-demerger strategic dynamism that is possible and the need to address the quality of the firm specific advantages endowed to the DMNE in the demerger.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    06 - Präsentation
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    Publikation
    Salesperson authenticity and gender-based perceptions: an international study
    (Institute of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 2020) Stros, Michael; Heinze, Timothy; Říha, David; Möslein-Tröppner, Bodo; Říhová, Elena; Lim, Leng Khim (Lynn)
    Mirroring the increasing percentage of women in the professional workforce, the number of females in sales has dramatically risen in recent years. The growth of gender diversity within the world of B-to-B buying and selling requires an examination of potential gender effects associated with interpersonal communications. The latter influences perceptions of authenticity, which in turn, influence sales effectiveness. The current study uses an international sample to review interpersonal communication drivers that are associated with buyer perceptions of salesperson authenticity. Gender differences associated with the processing of body language and the spoken word are particularly examined. Results indicate that, in high-involvement sales situations, female perceptions of salesperson authenticity are highly influenced by salesperson body language. Male perceptions, conversely, are more heavily influenced by the spoken word. Implications for sales training are provided.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    “The uh deconstructed pumpkin pie”: the use of uh and um in Los Angeles restaurant server talk
    (Elsevier, 2021) Staley, Larssyn; Jucker, Andreas H.
    Recent work on the elements uh and um has focused both on their functional profile and on the sociodemographic patterns of use. They have been shown to be more than just a signal of some trouble in the speech production process; they also perform text structuring functions that are usually ascribed to discourse markers. And their use has been shown to stratify according to gender, age and level of education (e.g. Tottie 2011, 2014). However, such work has not always been sufficiently controlled for context. Differences that were identified for specific speaker groups may ultimately have been caused by different speaker roles or by differences in the formality or privacy of the communicative situation. For this reason, we focus on one single communicative situation, service encounters in selected and socially stratified Los Angeles restaurants. And we focus on one single speaker role, the role of the server. This allows us to test hypotheses about gender differences and socio-economic stratification in a much more controlled environment. In addition, we provide a functional profile of uh and um in this carefully delimited context, and we show that they are not only used in their often-described functions as planners, hesitators or repair managers but also with a highlighting or a face-mitigating function. The high- lighting function turns out to be particularly prominent to emphasize food terminology when servers present menu items to their guests.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Global consumer cultures and experiences of sustainable food consumption in host country
    (North American Business Press, 2018) Lim, Leng Khim (Lynn); Londob, George
    Our research examined how subculture, micro-culture and acculturation influence sustainable food consumption of expatriates. More than fifty expatriates, retailers and sustainable labeling organizations participated in the research interviews. The research explored the depth of consumption cultural phenomenon. Expatriates had varying knowledge of sustainable food labels and its concepts in their consumption experience. Their sustainable food consumption habit, fueled by the global consumer culture, related to the triple dimensions. Integration into a new consumption was evident in the findings of economic considerations. This research provided some strategic and useful insights in responding to the needs of global consumers or expatriates.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Governance of decentralized autonomous organizations
    (David Publishing, 2019) Kondova, Galia; Barba, Renato
    This paper draws parallels between the OECD principle on disclosure and transparency and the decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) governance on a blockchain. It provides an overview of the DAO concept based on self-executing smart contracts on a blockchain. The blockchain keeps a record of data and transactions in a decentralized and immutable form. The self-executing smart contracts on a blockchain ensure transparency and automation of the decision-making process in a DAO. The paper concludes that a DAO governance structure provides for transparency and enables shareholders to exercise their rights in an informed way. Considering the early stage of development of DAOs, however, caution is needed especially with regards to potential protocol vulnerabilities and legal uncertainties.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift
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    Publikation
    Personal sales success factors in a wealthy market environment
    (Institute of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 2019) Stros, Michael; Říha, David; Říhová, Elena; Lim, Leng Khim (Lynn)
    This study aimed to determine the success factors in personal sales in a wealthy market environment. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental design was formulated and the Swiss automotive market was selected. This market has some peculiarities in comparison to other markets, such as generally wealthy customers who demand fuel-efficient cars with significant horse power in the higher price range. Videos of personal sales conversations were produced and shown to the study participants for evaluation. The sales took place in the automotive sector, but the results can be transferred to other sectors. The theoretical concept of personal sales is introduced, sales theories, techniques and strategies are discussed. The different types of communication are introduced and explained. As a result, a factor analysis is conducted in order to interpret the results. The paper provides then conclusions by discussing and construing the results. Theoretical and managerial contributions and possible limitations are derived.
    01A - Beitrag in wissenschaftlicher Zeitschrift